Historical atlas of Canada. Volume III, Addressing the twentieth century, 1891-1961

In 1891 the young nation of Canada stood on the brink of a great surge of growth and development. During the seven decades covered in this volume Canada would be transformed from a rural, agricultural society, almost exclusively British and French in background, to an urban, industrial nation with more cultural diversity. These developments are illustrated in the exceptionally vivid plates of the Historical Atlas of Canada, III: Addressing the Twentieth Century. The first part of the volume, the Great Transformation, covers developments from 1891 to 1929, the year the stock market crashed. In this period of economic and social change are charted, among other aspects, land and resource development, the growth of financial institutions, prairie agriculture and the grain-handling system, industrial growth, and changes in education, religion, and social structures. Individual plates include detailed studies of the formation of the United Church of Canada in 1925; the evolution of suburban neighbourhoods in Edmonton; the wave of strikes in 1919; Ukrainian settlement in southern Manitoba in 1901; the interlocking business interests of Toronto financiers in 1913; the formation of the National Hockey League and the rise of spectator sport; and the development of Montreal as a great industrial city. The second part of the volume. Crisis and Response, deals with the Depression, the Second World War, and the post-war boom. Here are charted shifts in the make-up and distribution of the population, a growing range of social services, and the emergence of a national economy. The plates in this section include graphic representations of drought on the Prairies in the 1930S; the routes of unemployed people riding the rails in search of work; the development of Ottawa as the nation's capital; the rise of retail trade; the strong growth in the uranium and petroleum industries; and the spread of television. With unsurpassed clarity, the Atlas presents the forces that have shaped Canadian society today. Anyone who wishes to understand contemporary Canada will find this volume richly rewarding. Contents 5 Donors 16 Foreword 17 Preface 19 Acknowledgments 22 Canada 1891-1961: An Overview 25 1. Canada in 1891 25 2. Territorial Evolution 30 3. Economic Growth 32 4. Population Composition 34 Part One. The Great Transformation 1891 - 1929 37 National Economic Patterns 37 5. Primary Production 40 6. The Expansion and Consolidation of Railways 42 7. The Changing Structure of Manufacturing 44 8. Wholesale Trade 46 9. Financial Institutions 48 10. The Emergence of the Urban System 50 Regional Dimensions of the Production System 53 11. Resource-Based Industries in Central Canada 58 12. Electricity and Industrial Development in Central Canada 60 13. Urban Industrial Development in Central Canada 62 14. Industrial Development in Montréal 64 15. The Emergence of Coporate Toronto 66 16. Resource Development on the Shield 68 17. Peopling the Prairies 70 18. Prairie Agriculture 72 19. The Grain-Handling System 74 20. Land Development in Edmonton 76 21. British Columbia Resource Development 78 22. Resource Communities in British Columbia 80 23. Sea and Livelihood in Atlantic Canada 82 24. Industrialization and the Maritimes 84 25. Port Development in Halifax 86 26. The Great War 88 Canadian Society during the Great Transformation 91 27. Migration 96 28. Elements of Population Change 98 29. The Demographic Transition 100 30. The Social Landscape of Montréal, 1901 102 31. Winnipeg: A Divided City 104 32. New Approaches to Disease and Public Dependency 106 33. Schooling and Social Structure 108 34. Religious Adherence 110 35. Organized Sport 112 36. Recreational Lands 114 37. Working Worlds 116 38. Organized Labour 118 39. Strikes 120 Part Two. Crisis and Response 1929 - 1961 123 The Great Depression 123 40. Economic Crisis 126 41. The Impact of the Depression on People 128 42. Managing the Relief Burden 130 43. Drought and Depression on the Prairies 132 44. Colonization and Co-Operation 134 45. Workers' Responses 136 46. New Political Directions 138 The Second World War and the Post-War Period 141 47. Military Activity in the Second World War 146 48. The Home Front in the Second World War 148 49. Farming and Fishing 150 50. Resources for Industrial Economies 152 51. The Persistence of Manufacturing Patterns 154 52. Retailing 156 53. The Growth of Road and Air Transport 158 54. The Integration of the Urban System 160 55. Metropolitan Dominance 162 56. Ottawa: The Emerging Capital 164 57. Canadians Abroad 166 58 Societies and Economies in the North 168 59. Population Changes 170 60. Metropolitan Toronto 172 61. The Changing Work - Force 174 62. Organized Labour, Strikes and Politics 176 63. The Emergence of Social Insurance 178 64. University Education 180 65. National Broadcasting Systems 182 66. Canada in 1961 184 Notes 187 In 1891 the young nation of Canada stood on the brink of a great surge of growth and development. During the seven decades covered in this volume Canada would be transformed from a rural, agricultural society, almost exclusively British and French in background, to an urban, industrial nation with more cultural diversity. These developments are illustrated in the exceptionally vivid plates of the Historical Atlas of Canada, III: Addressing the Twentieth Century. The first part of the volume, the Great Transformation, covers developments from 1891 to 1929, the year the stock market crashed. In this period of economic and social change are charted, among other aspects, land and resource development, the growth of financial institutions, prairie agriculture and the grain-handling system, industrial growth, and changes in education, religion, and social structures. Individual plates include detailed studies of the formation of the United Church of Canada in 1925; the evolution of suburban neighbourhoods in Edmonton; the wave of strikes in 1919; Ukrainian settlement in southern Manitoba in 1901; the interlocking business interests of Toronto financiers in 1913; the formation of the National Hockey League and the rise of spectator sport; and the development of Montreal as a great industrial city. The second part of the volume. Crisis and Response, deals with the Depression, the Second World War, and the post-war boom. Here are charted shifts in the make-up and distribution of the population, a growing range of social services, and the emergence of a national economy. The plates in this section include graphic representations of drought on the Prairies in the 1930S; the routes of unemployed people riding the rails in search of work; the development of Ottawa as the nation's capital; the rise of retail trade; the strong growth in the uranium and petroleum industries; and the spread of television. With unsurpassed clarity, the Atlas presents the forces