Highway and Urban Environment: Proceedings of the 9th Highway and Urban Environment symposium (Alliance for Global Sustainability Bookseries Book 17)

The 9th Highway and Urban Environment Symposium (9HUES) was held in Madrid, Spain, from 9-11 June 2008. HUES is run by Chalmers University of Technology within the Alliance for Global Sustainability (The AGS). HUES was initiated by Professor Ron Hamilton at Middlesex Polytechnic (now University) in the early 1980s and had the title "Highway Pollution". The initial aim was to measure and assess challenges in highway pollution, with a strong emphasis on urban photochemical smog, ozone formation and particle release. After the first symposium, the emphasis on air pollution issues continued through to Munich in 1989 where diesel particulate issues and the relevance to health through measurements of PM10 emerged. The focus on air quality issues was also strengthened. In parallel, the symposium started to receive an increasing number of scientific contributions from the area of urban run off, indeed to the extent that the title of the symposium was changed to "Highway and Urban Pollution". Since then the importance of science in support of policy became increasingly important as a key aspect of the symposium. 9HUES was held at TRANSyT- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain to provide a professional and scientific forum on global examples of the science required to support pathways to a positive and sustainable future in the highway and urban environment. This volume contains papers grouped by topic on ustainable mobility and management; air pollution; trace elements in the environment; urban water contamination, contaminated sites and treatment; urban climate and climate change. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Planning for Sustainable Mobility with Personal Rapid Transit in Small European Cities....Pages 3-14 Financing Urban Transport Through Value Capture....Pages 15-21 Environmental Costs Account: A Base for Measuring Sustainability in Transport Plans....Pages 23-30 A GIS Raster Model for Assessing the Environmental Quality of Spain Focused on SEA and Infrastructure Planning Procedures (LATINO Model)....Pages 31-38 Sustainable Mobility in Metropolitan Areas....Pages 39-47 Bases for Building a Sustainability Indicator System for Transport....Pages 49-57 Front Matter....Pages 60-60 Biodiesel from Waste Olive Oil: Transesterification Kinetics, Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption....Pages 61-69 Intake Fraction for Benzene Traffic Emissions in Helsinki....Pages 71-77 Modelling of Air Pollutants of Highway Roads in Hungary....Pages 79-86 Seasonal Trend of Water-Soluble Ions at One TSP and Five PM 2.5 Sampling Sites in Beijing, China....Pages 87-95 Utilization of Meandering in a Receptor-Oriented Solution of the Line Source Dispersion Equation....Pages 97-104 Measurements of Heavy Metals in Dry and Wet Deposition in São Paulo City....Pages 105-113 Exposure of Cyclists to Ultra Fine Particles....Pages 115-122 Air Pollution Exposure in an Unventilated Tunnel in Leeds, UK....Pages 123-131 Assessment of Aerosol Concentration Sampled at Five Sites in Beijing from 2005 Till 2007....Pages 133-140 Emissions Pollutant from Diesel, Biodiesel and Natural Gas Refuse Collection Vehicles in Urban Areas....Pages 141-148 Front Matter....Pages 150-150 Platinum-Group Element Distribution in Hathersage, a Small Town Near Sheffield, UK: Evidence for a Single Source from Catalytic Converters....Pages 151-160 Platinum and Lead in South African Road Dust....Pages 161-166 Front Matter....Pages 168-168 Reduction of Stormwater Runoff Toxicity by Wet Detention Ponds....Pages 169-176 Microbial Contaminants Removal in a Stormwater Pond....Pages 177-185 Front Matter....Pages 168-168 Reuse of Solid Waste from the Clearing of Road Basins and Ditches in Civil Engineering: Environmental Characterization, Ways of Treatment and Their Efficiency....Pages 187-195 Methodology Used for Comparing Two Locations for the New Lisbon Airport Based on the Impacts on Surface Water....Pages 197-205 Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Surface Waters and Runoff....Pages 207-215 Use of Absorptive Media to Monitor Stormwater Contamination in Small Urban Drains....Pages 217-224 Effects of Atmospheric Salt Deposition on Highway Runoff Characteristics – A Pilot Case Study....Pages 225-233 Size Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Highway Runoff Waters....Pages 235-244 Ecotoxicological Impacts on Brown Trout ( Salmo trutta L.) Exposed to Runoff from a Four Lane Motorway in Norway....Pages 245-253 Potential of Road Surface for a Non-point Source of Pollutants – Result of Nationwide Survey in Japan....Pages 255-265 Trace Metals in Stockholm Sediments....Pages 267-273 Environmental Impacts of the A6 Highway in La Silva Stream in the Region of Bierzo. (Leon). Spain....Pages 275-283 Front Matter....Pages 286-286 Arsenic Contamination After Wood Impregnation: Speciation, Sorption and Leaching....Pages 287-297 Effect of Heavy Metal on Complex Permittivity Characteristics of Saturated Sand....Pages 299-305 Blast-Furnace Sludge as Sorbent Material for Multi-metal Contaminated Water....Pages 307-317 Evaluation of Zn, Cu and Pb Sorption-Desorption Phenomena in Kaolinite-Sand Media Filtration Pilot Scale Installation....Pages 319-327 Diagnosing the Impact of Traffic on Roadside Soils Through Chemometric Analysis on the Concentrations of More Than 60 Metals Measured by ICP/MS....Pages 329-336 Influence of De-Icing Salt on K Supply and Street Trees Ecological Status in Riga, Latvia....Pages 337-345 Heavy Metals Soil Pollution in Some Urban Location from Romania....Pages 347-355 Front Matter....Pages 358-358 Effects of Transport Infrastructure Plans on Climate Change. Application to the Spanish Strategic Transport and Infrastructure Plan 2005–2020 (PEIT)....Pages 359-365 Designing High Traffic Volume Urban Motorway Pavements to Maximize Sustainability....Pages 367-376 Fuel Tax Levels Necessary to Achieve the Agreed Reduction Targets of CO 2 Emissions. The Case of Madrid....Pages 377-385 Front Matter....Pages 358-358 Emission Inventory for the Road Transport Sector in the Urban Area of Naples: Methodology and Results....Pages 387-395 Transport Energy Use and Emission Trends in Spain....Pages 397-404 Back Matter....Pages 405-416 Annotation The 9th Highway and Urban Environment Symposium (9HUES) was held in Madrid, Spain, from 9-11 June 2008. HUES is run by Chalmers University of Technology within the Alliance for Global Sustainability (The AGS). HUES was initiated by Professor Ron Hamilton at Middlesex Polytechnic (now University) in the early 1980s and had the title "Highway Pollution". The initial aim was to measure and assess challenges in highway pollution, with a strong emphasis on urban photochemical smog, ozone formation and particle release. After the first symposium, the emphasis on air pollution issues continued through to Munich in 1989 where diesel particulate issues and the relevance to health through measurements of PM10 emerged. The focus on air quality issues was also strengthened. In parallel, the symposium started to receive an increasing number of scientific contributions from the area of urban run off, indeed to the extent that the title of the symposium was changed to "Highway and Urban Pollution". Since then the importance of science in support of policy became increasingly important as a key aspect of the symposium. 9HUES was held at TRANSyT- Universidad Politcnica de Madrid, Spain to provide a professional and scientific forum on global examples of the science required to support pathways to a positive and sustainable future in the highway and urban environment