Herpes zoster : postherpetic neuralgia and other complications : focus on treatment and prevention

Representing a state-of-the-art appraisal of this viral infection and its complications, this book comprises contributions from international authorities in infectious diseases, varicella-voster virus infections, and neuropathic pain. Important new information is presented on the role of the virus in terms of vascular risk, notably in heart attack, stroke and granulomatous angiitis (temporal arteritis). Similarly, new information on gastrointestinal involvement, often in the absence of rash and as seen with vasculopathies, is covered. The reader will benefit from new research into the pathology, pathophysiology and treatment of postherpetic neuralgia and its complications, and special attention is paid to prevention through zoster vaccination using the current zoster vaccine, and a novel, broader option that can be used in immunocompromised patients. This book follows the two editions of the book, __Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia__, and is divided into sections for the convenience of the reader. A section on herpes zoster includes epidemiology and natural history of the varicella zoster virus, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, neurological complications, the role of varicella zoster virus in giant cell arteritis, concern about increased vascular risk of heart attack and stroke, antiviral therapy, and treatment of skin manifestations. A section on postherpetic neuralgia includes important information on the effect of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia on quality of life, the neuropathology and pathophysiological mechanisms in postherpetic neuralgia, and the new concept of persistent ganglionitis as the cause of postherpetic neuralgia. A comparison is made between facial postherpetic neuralgia and trigeminal neuralgia. There is an extensive section on treatment, including the role of opioids, the general treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, intervention and neurosurgical approaches, and covering guidelines for clinical trial designs in postherpetic neuralgia. A final section addresses the questions of whether aggressive treatment of acute herpes zoster can prevent postherpetic neuralgia and includes a critically important chapter on herpes zoster vaccines. Front Matter....Pages i-xxxix Introduction....Pages 1-4 Front Matter....Pages 5-5 Varicella....Pages 7-15 Front Matter....Pages 17-17 Herpes Zoster: A Patient’s Perspective....Pages 19-23 The Epidemiology and Natural History of Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia....Pages 25-44 Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus....Pages 45-59 Neurological Complications of Herpes Zoster....Pages 61-75 The Role of Varicella Zoster Virus in Giant Cell Arteritis....Pages 77-84 Herpes Zoster and Vascular Risk....Pages 85-96 Antiviral Therapy and Local Treatment for Herpes Zoster....Pages 97-102 Dermatologic Manifestations of Herpes Zoster....Pages 103-115 Front Matter....Pages 117-117 The Effect of Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia on Health-Related Quality of Life, Function, Employment-Related Productivity, and the Cost-Effectiveness of the Vaccine....Pages 119-140 The Pathology of Postherpetic Neuralgia and Postherpetic Itch....Pages 141-156 Neural Basis of Pain in Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia: The Ectopic Pacemaker Hypothesis....Pages 157-187 Persistent VZV Ganglionitis May Be the Cause of Postherpetic Neuralgia....Pages 189-195 A Comparison of Clinical Features and Mechanisms of Trigeminal Postherpetic Neuralgia and Trigeminal Neuralgia....Pages 197-226 Front Matter....Pages 227-227 Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: Subtypes and a Mechanism-Based Treatment....Pages 229-238 Interventional Approaches to Postherpetic Neuralgia....Pages 239-251 Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: The Role of Opioids....Pages 253-277 Postherpetic Neuralgia: Difficult to Treat, Easier to Prevent....Pages 279-296 Postherpetic Neuralgia: Are There Neurosurgical Options?....Pages 297-313 Front Matter....Pages 227-227 Designing Randomized Controlled Trials of Oral Analgesics for Chronic Postherpetic Neuralgia....Pages 315-331 Front Matter....Pages 333-333 The Importance of Zoster Prevention Vaccines....Pages 335-339 Aggressive Noninvasive Treatment of Acute Herpes Zoster for the Prevention of Postherpetic Neuralgia....Pages 341-364 Herpes Zoster Vaccines....Pages 365-418 Conclusion: “All Roads Lead to Rome”....Pages 419-419 Back Matter....Pages 421-431 Representing a state-of-the-art appraisal of this viral infection and its complications, this book comprises contributions from international authorities in infectious diseases and neuropathic pain. Important new information is presented on the role of the virus in terms of vascular risk, notably in heart attack, stroke and granulomatous angiitis (temporal arteritis). Similarly, new information on gastrointestinal involvement, often in the absence of rash and as seen with vasculopathies, is covered. The reader will benefit from new research into the pathology, pathophysiology and treatment of postherpetic neuralgia and its complications, and special attention is paid to prevention through zoster vaccination using the current vaccine, and a novel, broader option that can be used in immunocompromised patients. This books follows the two editions of the book, Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia, and is divided into sections for the convenience of the reader. A section on herpes zoster includes epidemiology and natural history of the varicella zoster virus, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, neurological complications, the role of varicella zoster virus in giant cell arteritis, concern about increased vascular risk of heart attack and stroke, antiviral therapy, and treatment of skin manifestations. A section on postherpetic neuralgia includes important information on the effect of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia on quality of life, the neuropathology and pathophysiological mechanisms in postherpetic neuralgia, and the new concept of persistent ganglionitis as the cause of postherpetic neuralgia. A comparison is made between facial postherpetic neuralgia and trigeminal neuralgia. There is an extensive section on treatment, including the role of opioids, the general treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, intervention and neurosurgical approaches, and covering guidelines for clinical trial designs in postherpetic neuralgia. A final section addresses the questions of whether aggressive treatment of acute herpes zoster can prevent postherpetic neuralgia and includes a critically important chapter on herpes zoster vaccines