Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)

E AVERLO IN LINGUA ITLIANAE POSSIBILITÀ ENDURING VALUES OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION......Page 2 THE PATIENT–PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIP......Page 13 FURTHER READING......Page 21 GOALS AND APPROACHES TO PREVENTION......Page 22 HEALTH PROMOTION......Page 24 PREVENTION AND HEALTH PROMOTION ACROSS THE LIFE COURSE......Page 25 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT......Page 35 FURTHER READING......Page 36 BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL REASONING......Page 38 DIAGNOSTIC VERSUS THERAPEUTIC DECISION-MAKING......Page 44 NON-CLINICAL INFLUENCES ON CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING......Page 45 INTERPRETATION OF DIAGNOSTIC TESTS......Page 46 DIAGNOSTIC TESTING: MEASURES OF TEST ACCURACY......Page 47 MEASURES OF DISEASE PROBABILITY AND BAYES’ RULE......Page 49 APPLICATIONS TO DIAGNOSTIC TESTING IN CAD......Page 52 STATISTICAL PREDICTION MODELS......Page 53 FORMAL DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS......Page 55 EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE......Page 56 FURTHER READING......Page 62 INTRODUCTION......Page 64 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SCREENING......Page 65 METHODS OF MEASURING HEALTH BENEFITS......Page 67 ASSESSING THE HARMS OF SCREENING AND PREVENTION......Page 69 WEIGHING THE BENEFITS AND HARMS......Page 70 COUNSELING ON HEALTHY BEHAVIORS......Page 74 IMPLEMENTING DISEASE PREVENTION AND SCREENING......Page 75 FURTHER READING......Page 78 INTRODUCTION......Page 80 FINANCING INDIVIDUAL PATIENT CARE SERVICES......Page 81 DELIVERING INDIVIDUAL PATIENT CARE SERVICES......Page 84 PHARMACEUTICALS......Page 90 GOVERNANCE AND REGULATION......Page 91 FUTURE CHALLENGES......Page 93 FURTHER READING......Page 94 SAFETY IN HEALTH CARE......Page 96 QUALITY IN HEALTH CARE......Page 100 CONCLUSIONS......Page 105 FURTHER READING......Page 106 APPROACHES TO ETHICAL PROBLEMS......Page 119 ETHICALLY COMPLEX PROFESSIONAL ISSUES FOR PHYSICIANS......Page 124 CONFLICTS OF INTEREST......Page 125 FURTHER READING......Page 128 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 129 HOSPICE AND THE PALLIATIVE CARE FRAMEWORK......Page 134 INTERVENTIONS......Page 143 MANAGING THE LAST STAGES......Page 165 FURTHER READING......Page 176 WEBSITES......Page 177 INTRODUCTION......Page 219 SOME MECHANISMS OF PAIN ORIGINATING IN THE ABDOMEN......Page 222 REFERRED PAIN IN ABDOMINAL DISEASE......Page 224 METABOLIC ABDOMINAL CRISES......Page 225 NEUROGENIC CAUSES......Page 226 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT......Page 227 FURTHER READING......Page 231 GENERAL PRINCIPLES......Page 232 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF HEADACHE......Page 233 CLINICAL EVALUATION OF ACUTE, NEW-ONSET HEADACHE......Page 234 SECONDARY HEADACHE......Page 236 PRIMARY HEADACHE DISORDERS......Page 238 PRIMARY CARE AND HEADACHE MANAGEMENT......Page 245 FURTHER READING......Page 246 INTRODUCTION......Page 269 FEVER VERSUS HYPERTHERMIA......Page 270 PATHOGENESIS OF FEVER......Page 271 FURTHER READING......Page 277 ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 315 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 322 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT......Page 326 TREATMENT......Page 330 FURTHER READING......Page 337 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 358 FURTHER READING......Page 364 INTRODUCTION......Page 365 PATHOGENESIS......Page 367 DISTRIBUTION OF WEAKNESS......Page 371 FURTHER READING......Page 376 POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS......Page 377 ANATOMY OF SENSATION......Page 378 CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF SENSATION......Page 381 LOCALIZATION OF SENSORY ABNORMALITIES......Page 387 FURTHER READING......Page 390 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY......Page 391 DISORDERS OF GAIT......Page 392 DISORDERS OF BALANCE......Page 399 FURTHER READING......Page 403 CLINICAL FEATURES OF DELIRIUM......Page 405 RISK FACTORS......Page 406 PATHOGENESIS......Page 407 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT......Page 408 TREATMENT......Page 418 FURTHER READING......Page 419 FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE DEMENTIAS......Page 421 FURTHER READING......Page 438 NONSPECIFIC INFECTIONS OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT......Page 536 INFECTIONS OF THE SINUS......Page 538 INFECTIONS OF THE EAR AND MASTOID......Page 544 INFECTIONS OF THE PHARYNX AND ORAL CAVITY......Page 554 INFECTIONS OF THE LARYNX AND EPIGLOTTIS......Page 561 INFECTIONS OF DEEP NECK STRUCTURES......Page 565 FURTHER READING......Page 566 INTRODUCTION......Page 567 NONDENTAL CAUSES OF ORAL PAIN......Page 588 FURTHER READING......Page 592 COUGH......Page 607 FURTHER READING......Page 613 ETIOLOGY......Page 614 FURTHER READING......Page 619 HYPOXIA......Page 621 CYANOSIS......Page 625 CLUBBING......Page 629 FURTHER READING......Page 630 PLASMA AND INTERSTITIAL FLUID EXCHANGE......Page 631 FURTHER READING......Page 641 INTRODUCTION......Page 663 FURTHER READING......Page 664 NAUSEA AND VOMITING......Page 672 INDIGESTION......Page 681 FURTHER READING......Page 688 PHYSIOLOGY OF WEIGHT REGULATION WITH AGING......Page 717 CAUSES OF UNINTENTIONAL WEIGHT LOSS......Page 718 ASSESSMENT......Page 721 FURTHER READING......Page 723 INTRODUCTION......Page 733 PRODUCTION AND METABOLISM OF BILIRUBIN......Page 734 MEASUREMENT OF SERUM BILIRUBIN......Page 735 MEASUREMENT OF URINE BILIRUBIN......Page 736 FURTHER READING......Page 748 ABDOMINAL SWELLING......Page 750 ASCITES......Page 753 FURTHER READING......Page 759 DYSURIA......Page 761 BLADDER PAIN......Page 762 INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS/BLADDER PAIN SYNDROME......Page 763 FURTHER READING......Page 769 INTRODUCTION......Page 818 HYPERCALCEMIA......Page 819 HYPOCALCEMIA......Page 824 FURTHER READING......Page 828 DIAGNOSIS OF GENERAL TYPES OF DISTURBANCES......Page 829 METABOLIC ACIDOSIS......Page 837 METABOLIC ALKALOSIS......Page 848 RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS......Page 854 RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS......Page 857 FURTHER READING......Page 859 INTRODUCTION......Page 861 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT......Page 871 DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES......Page 877 FURTHER READING......Page 880 ECZEMA AND DERMATITIS......Page 882 PAPULOSQUAMOUS DISORDERS......Page 892 CUTANEOUS INFECTIONS......Page 900 ACNE......Page 906 SKIN DISEASES AND SMALLPOX VACCINATION......Page 909 FURTHER READING......Page 910 PAPULOSQUAMOUS SKIN LESIONS......Page 911 ERYTHRODERMA......Page 913 ALOPECIA......Page 918 FIGURATE SKIN LESIONS......Page 923 PUSTULAR LESIONS......Page 925 TELANGIECTASIAS......Page 926 HYPOPIGMENTATION......Page 928 HYPERPIGMENTATION......Page 937 VESICLES/BULLAE......Page 942 EXANTHEMS......Page 946 URTICARIA......Page 948 PAPULONODULAR SKIN LESIONS......Page 950 PURPURA......Page 960 ULCERS......Page 965 FEVER AND RASH......Page 967 FURTHER READING......Page 968 INTRODUCTION......Page 969 AUTOIMMUNE CUTANEOUS DISEASES......Page 971 AUTOIMMUNE SYSTEMIC DISEASES WITH PROMINENT CUTANEOUS FEATURES......Page 981 FURTHER READING......Page 989 INCIDENCE OF CUTANEOUS REACTIONS......Page 990 PATHOGENESIS OF DRUG REACTIONS......Page 991 CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF CUTANEOUS DRUG REACTIONS......Page 995 MANAGEMENT OF THE PATIENT WITH SUSPECTED DRUG ERUPTION......Page 1013 FURTHER READING......Page 1020 SOLAR RADIATION......Page 1022 PHOTOPROTECTION......Page 1042 PHOTOTHERAPY AND PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY......Page 1044 FURTHER READING......Page 1045 INTRODUCTION......Page 1046 HEMATOPOIESIS AND THE PHYSIOLOGIC BASIS OF RED CELL PRODUCTION......Page 1066 ANEMIA......Page 1069 POLYCYTHEMIA......Page 1091 FURTHER READING......Page 1093 NEUTROPHILS......Page 1095 MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES......Page 1120 EOSINOPHILS......Page 1123 LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT......Page 1125 FURTHER READING......Page 1127 STEPS OF NORMAL HEMOSTASIS......Page 1129 ANTITHROMBOTIC MECHANISMS......Page 1132 FURTHER READING......Page 1150 LYMPHADENOPATHY......Page 1152 SPLENOMEGALY......Page 1158 SPLENECTOMY......Page 1167 FURTHER READING......Page 1169 INTRODUCTION......Page 1171 PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOKINETICS......Page 1173 EFFECTS OF DISEASE ON DRUG CONCENTRATION AND RESPONSE......Page 1188 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DRUGS......Page 1189 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS......Page 1195 THE DRUG DEVELOPMENT PROCESS......Page 1200 FURTHER READING......Page 1201 EDUCATION AND HEALTHFUL HABITS......Page 1240 CANCER CHEMOPREVENTION......Page 1243 SURGICAL PREVENTION OF CANCER......Page 1250 FURTHER READING......Page 1263 Chapter 68: Cancer Cell Biology......Page 1289 CANCER PRESENTATION......Page 1321 CANCER TREATMENT......Page 1325 LOCALIZED CANCER TREATMENTS......Page 1327 SYSTEMIC CANCER TREATMENTS......Page 1331 RESISTANCE TO CANCER TREATMENTS......Page 1373 SUPPORTIVE CARE DURING CANCER TREATMENT......Page 1374 FURTHER READING......Page 1381 INTRODUCTION......Page 1383 SYSTEM-SPECIFIC SYNDROMES......Page 1392 ABNORMALITIES THAT PREDISPOSE TO INFECTION......Page 1405 PREVENTION OF INFECTION IN CANCER PATIENTS......Page 1411 FURTHER READING......Page 1412 WEBSITE......Page 1413 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS......Page 1495 PREVENTION OF BREAST CANCER......Page 1498 SCREENING FOR BREAST CANCER......Page 1499 EVALUATION OF BREAST MASSES IN MEN AND WOMEN......Page 1500 STAGING......Page 1502 FURTHER READING......Page 1526 ESOPHAGEAL CANCER......Page 1528 TUMORS OF THE STOMACH......Page 1532 PRIMARY GASTRIC LYMPHOMA......Page 1540 TUMORS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE......Page 1541 MALIGNANT TUMORS......Page 1543 FURTHER READING......Page 1545 RISK FACTORS......Page 1583 PATHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR CONSIDERATION......Page 1586 CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 1589 DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP......Page 1590 CLINICAL STAGING......Page 1593 TREATMENT......Page 1596 FUTURE DIRECTIONS......Page 1598 FURTHER READING......Page 1599 INTRODUCTION......Page 1639 FURTHER READING......Page 1650 Chapter 83: Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate......Page 1651 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 1668 PATHOLOGY......Page 1669 INITIAL PRESENTATION......Page 1670 STAGE-BASED MANAGEMENT......Page 1671 RELAPSED DISEASE......Page 1678 EXTRAGONADAL GCTs......Page 1679 SURVIVORSHIP AND LATE EFFECTS......Page 1680 FURTHER READING......Page 1681 OVARIAN CANCER......Page 1682 FALLOPIAN TUBE CANCER......Page 1689 CERVICAL CANCER......Page 1690 UTERINE CANCER......Page 1693 GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC TUMORS......Page 1695 FURTHER READING......Page 1697 INTRODUCTION......Page 1699 PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS......Page 1702 INTRINSIC “MALIGNANT” TUMORS......Page 1705 EXTRINSIC “BENIGN” TUMORS......Page 1713 NEUROCUTANEOUS SYNDROMES (PHAKOMATOSES)......Page 1716 TUMORS METASTATIC TO THE BRAIN......Page 1717 LEPTOMENINGEAL METASTASES......Page 1721 EPIDURAL METASTASIS......Page 1725 NEUROLOGIC TOXICITY OF THERAPY......Page 1726 FURTHER READING......Page 1730 SOFT TISSUE SARCOMAS......Page 1731 BONE SARCOMAS......Page 1737 TUMORS METASTATIC TO BONE......Page 1742 FURTHER READING......Page 1743 ENDOCRINE PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES......Page 1754 HEMATOLOGIC SYNDROMES......Page 1765 FURTHER READING......Page 1770 INTRODUCTION......Page 1787 CARDIOVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION......Page 1789 PULMONARY DYSFUNCTION......Page 1791 NEUROLOGIC DYSFUNCTION......Page 1792 REPRODUCTIVE AND ENDOCRINE DYSFUNCTION......Page 1794 SECOND MALIGNANCIES......Page 1796 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FOLLOW-UP......Page 1797 FURTHER READING......Page 1800 Chapter 92: Hematopoietic Stem Cells......Page 1802 IRON METABOLISM......Page 1809 IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA......Page 1813 OTHER HYPOPROLIFERATIVE ANEMIAS......Page 1823 FURTHER READING......Page 1829 Chapter 95: Megaloblastic Anemias......Page 1857 TREATMENT......Page 1905 FURTHER READING......Page 1906 INTRODUCTION......Page 1907 APLASTIC ANEMIA......Page 1909 PURE RED CELL APLASIA......Page 1924 MYELODYSPLASIA......Page 1929 MYELOPHTHISIC ANEMIAS......Page 1937 FURTHER READING......Page 1938 INTRODUCTION......Page 1939 POLYCYTHEMIA VERA......Page 1940 ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTOSIS......Page 1952 FURTHER READING......Page 1956 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2010 BIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 2011 CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND DIAGNOSIS OF CLL......Page 2017 MONOCLONAL B-CELL LYMPHOCYTOSIS......Page 2018 COMPLICATIONS OF CLL......Page 2019 WORKUP OF CLL AND APPROACH TO THERAPY......Page 2022 FURTHER READING......Page 2028 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY......Page 2055 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT......Page 2057 TREATMENT......Page 2059 FURTHER READING......Page 2063 INTRODUCTION......Page 2065 RARE LYMPHOID MALIGNANCIES......Page 2067 FURTHER READING......Page 2093 GENERAL PRINCIPLES......Page 2113 AL AMYLOIDOSIS......Page 2117 AA AMYLOIDOSIS......Page 2123 ATTR AND AF AMYLOIDOSIS......Page 2124 SUMMARY......Page 2126 FURTHER READING......Page 2127 THE HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL......Page 2147 CATEGORIES OF HCT......Page 2148 THE TRANSPLANT PREPARATIVE REGIMEN......Page 2150 TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC DISEASES USING HEMATOPOIETIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION......Page 2159 FURTHER READING......Page 2164 THE PLATELET......Page 2166 DISORDERS OF PLATELETS......Page 2167 FURTHER READING......Page 2186 ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS......Page 2211 VENOUS THROMBOSIS......Page 2219 THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN ARTERIAL AND VENOUS THROMBOSIS......Page 2224 FURTHER READING......Page 2225 INTRODUCTION......Page 2227 ANTIPLATELET DRUGS......Page 2228 ANTICOAGULANTS......Page 2240 FIBRINOLYTIC DRUGS......Page 2265 FURTHER READING......Page 2271 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT......Page 2303 TREATMENT......Page 2305 SPECIFIC PRESENTATIONS......Page 2310 FURTHER READING......Page 2321 Chapter 118: Immunization Principles and Vaccine Use......Page 2323 Chapter 119: Health Recommendations for International Travel......Page 2338 DEFINITION......Page 2367 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 2368 PATHOLOGY......Page 2369 COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA......Page 2370 VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA......Page 2385 FURTHER READING......Page 2396 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2398 PATHOGENESIS......Page 2399 PATHOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY......Page 2401 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 2402 TREATMENT......Page 2403 PROGNOSIS AND PREVENTION......Page 2404 FURTHER READING......Page 2405 ANATOMIC RELATIONSHIPS: CLUES TO THE DIAGNOSIS OF SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS......Page 2435 INFECTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH VESICLES......Page 2441 INFECTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH CRUSTED LESIONS......Page 2442 PAPULAR AND NODULAR LESIONS......Page 2443 CELLULITIS......Page 2444 NECROTIZING FASCIITIS......Page 2446 MYOSITIS AND MYONECROSIS......Page 2447 DIAGNOSIS......Page 2448 FURTHER READING......Page 2452 Chapter 125: Infectious Arthritis......Page 2454 PERITONITIS......Page 2485 INTRAABDOMINAL ABSCESSES......Page 2493 FURTHER READING......Page 2501 INTRODUCTION......Page 2503 PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS......Page 2504 HOST DEFENSES......Page 2506 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2511 FURTHER READING......Page 2521 ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2523 PATHOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS......Page 2524 GLOBAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 2526 DIAGNOSIS......Page 2527 TREATMENT......Page 2529 PREVENTION AND CONTROL......Page 2534 FURTHER READING......Page 2535 CLASSIFICATION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2552 MANAGEMENT OF COMMON SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD) SYNDROMES......Page 2555 PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF STIs......Page 2595 STI RISK ASSESSMENT......Page 2597 FURTHER READING......Page 2599 ETIOLOGY......Page 2601 LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS......Page 2603 CSF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION......Page 2604 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 2608 TREATMENT......Page 2611 SEQUELAE......Page 2613 CHRONIC ENCEPHALITIS......Page 2614 FURTHER READING......Page 2617 BACTERIAL MENINGITIS......Page 2619 VIRAL MENINGITIS......Page 2635 SUBACUTE MENINGITIS......Page 2642 FURTHER READING......Page 2645 CLINICAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 2647 FURTHER READING......Page 2666 Chapter 135: Brain Abscess and Empyema......Page 2668 DOG BITES......Page 2679 CAT BITES......Page 2680 OTHER ANIMAL BITES......Page 2681 HUMAN BITES......Page 2682 FURTHER READING......Page 2688 MICROBIOLOGY AND TAXONOMY......Page 2789 INFECTIONS......Page 2790 COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS......Page 2807 FURTHER READING......Page 2818 MICROBIOLOGY AND TAXONOMY......Page 2843 PATHOGENESIS......Page 2844 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2846 CLINICAL SYNDROMES......Page 2848 FURTHER READING......Page 2858 DIPHTHERIA......Page 2859 INFECTIONS......Page 2868 FURTHER READING......Page 2872 PATHOGENESIS......Page 2874 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2876 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 2877 COMPLICATIONS AND PROGNOSIS......Page 2879 FURTHER READING......Page 2880 Chapter 147: Tetanus......Page 2881 Chapter 148......Page 2887 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2888 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 2890 DIAGNOSIS......Page 2892 BOTULISM-SPECIFIC LABORATORY TESTS......Page 2893 NOTIFICATION, EXPERT CONSULTATION, AND ANTITOXIN PROVISION......Page 2894 FURTHER READING......Page 2895 ETIOLOGIC AGENT......Page 2897 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND TRANSMISSION......Page 2898 CLINICAL SYNDROMES......Page 2899 FURTHER READING......Page 2912 Chapter 150: Meningococcal Infections......Page 2913 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 2933 PATHOGENESIS, IMMUNOLOGY, AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE......Page 2934 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 2938 LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS......Page 2946 TREATMENT......Page 2947 PREVENTION AND CONTROL......Page 2951 FURTHER READING......Page 2952 Chapter 152: Haemophilus and Moraxella Infections......Page 2954 THE HACEK GROUP......Page 2969 OTHER FASTIDIOUS GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA......Page 2973 OTHER GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA......Page 2974 MISCELLANEOUS ORGANISMS......Page 2977 FURTHER READING......Page 2978 Chapter 154: Legionella Infections......Page 2979 Chapter 155: Pertussis and Other Bordetella Infections......Page 2990 GENERAL FEATURES AND PRINCIPLES......Page 3000 INFECTIONS......Page 3008 INFECTIONS......Page 3026 INFECTIONS......Page 3030 FURTHER READING......Page 3032 Chapter 157:......Page 3034 Chapter 158: Helicobacter pylori Infections......Page 3046 Chapter 159: Infections Due to......Page 3059 ETIOLOGY......Page 3080 PATHOGENESIS......Page 3081 ENTERIC (TYPHOID) FEVER......Page 3082 NONTYPHOIDAL SALMONELLOSIS......Page 3091 FURTHER READING......Page 3098 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3100 PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY......Page 3102 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3103 LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS......Page 3105 TREATMENT......Page 3106 PREVENTION......Page 3109 FURTHER READING......Page 3110 ETIOLOGY......Page 3112 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3115 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3116 COMPLICATIONS......Page 3117 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3118 TREATMENT......Page 3119 FURTHER READING......Page 3120 Chapter 163: Cholera and Other Vibrioses......Page 3121 ETIOLOGIC AGENTS......Page 3136 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3137 IMMUNITY AND PATHOGENESIS......Page 3138 CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 3139 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3142 TREATMENT......Page 3144 PROGNOSIS AND FOLLOW-UP......Page 3145 FURTHER READING......Page 3146 Chapter 166: Plague and Other Yersinia Infections......Page 3155 INTRODUCTION......Page 3171 CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE......Page 3173 TRENCH FEVER AND CHRONIC BACTEREMIA......Page 3182 ENDOCARDITIS......Page 3183 BACILLARY ANGIOMATOSIS AND PELIOSIS......Page 3185 CARRIÓN’S DISEASE (OROYA FEVER AND VERRUGA PERUANA)......Page 3187 FURTHER READING......Page 3188 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3190 CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 3191 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3192 TREATMENT......Page 3193 FURTHER READING......Page 3194 ETIOLOGIC AGENT......Page 3219 PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY......Page 3220 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3221 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3225 TREATMENT......Page 3226 FURTHER READING......Page 3227 ETIOLOGY......Page 3285 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3286 CLINICAL, HISTOLOGIC, AND IMMUNOLOGIC SPECTRUM......Page 3290 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3296 TREATMENT......Page 3297 PREVENTION AND CONTROL......Page 3303 FURTHER READING......Page 3304 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3306 PATHOBIOLOGY......Page 3307 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3309 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3312 PREVENTION......Page 3314 TREATMENT......Page 3315 FURTHER READING......Page 3316 TUBERCULOSIS......Page 3318 NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA......Page 3340 FURTHER READING......Page 3344 ETIOLOGY......Page 3345 TRANSMISSION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3346 NATURAL COURSE AND PATHOGENESIS OF UNTREATED SYPHILIS......Page 3348 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3349 LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS......Page 3356 IMMUNITY TO SYPHILIS......Page 3363 FURTHER READING......Page 3364 ETIOLOGIC AGENT......Page 3379 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3380 PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNITY......Page 3382 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3383 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3384 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 3385 TREATMENT......Page 3386 FURTHER READING......Page 3388 ETIOLOGIC AGENT......Page 3390 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3391 PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNITY......Page 3392 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3393 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3396 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 3398 TREATMENT......Page 3399 REINFECTION......Page 3402 FURTHER READING......Page 3403 INTRODUCTION......Page 3425 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3428 UROGENITAL MYCOPLASMAS......Page 3431 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3432 FURTHER READING......Page 3433 BIOLOGY, GROWTH CYCLE, AND PATHOGENESIS......Page 3434 INFECTIONS......Page 3438 PSITTACOSIS......Page 3453 INFECTIONS......Page 3455 FURTHER READING......Page 3457 ETIOLOGIC AGENT......Page 3514 PATHOGENESIS......Page 3516 IMMUNITY......Page 3517 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3518 CLINICAL SPECTRUM......Page 3520 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3529 TREATMENT......Page 3531 FURTHER READING......Page 3536 PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY......Page 3538 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3539 TREATMENT......Page 3545 PREVENTION......Page 3546 FURTHER READING......Page 3548 PATHOGENESIS......Page 3550 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3551 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3558 FURTHER READING......Page 3562 CYTOMEGALOVIRUS......Page 3564 HUMAN HERPESVIRUS (HHV) TYPES 6, 7, AND 8......Page 3573 FURTHER READING......Page 3575 INTRODUCTION......Page 3577 MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM......Page 3579 OTHER ZOONOTIC POXVIRUS INFECTIONS......Page 3580 FURTHER READING......Page 3581 Chapter 192: Parvovirus Infections......Page 3582 PATHOGENESIS......Page 3588 THE NATURAL HISTORY OF HPV-ASSOCIATED MALIGNANCY......Page 3589 THE EFFECTS OF HIV ON HPV-ASSOCIATED DISEASE......Page 3590 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HPV INFECTION......Page 3591 PREVENTION OF HPV INFECTION AND DISEASE......Page 3595 SCREENING FOR HPV-ASSOCIATED CANCER......Page 3598 TREATMENT......Page 3600 FURTHER READING......Page 3602 ANATOMIC SITES IN THE HUMAN RESPIRATORY TRACT......Page 3604 ETIOLOGIC AGENTS......Page 3605 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3613 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 3615 DIAGNOSIS......Page 3616 COMPLICATIONS: CO-INFECTIONS......Page 3617 PREVENTION......Page 3618 GLOBAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 3620 FURTHER READING......Page 3621 ENTEROVIRUSES......Page 3775 PARECHOVIRUSES......Page 3789 FURTHER READING......Page 3790 GLOBAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 3792 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 3793 PATHOGENESIS......Page 3794 APPROACH TO THE PATIENT......Page 3797 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 3798 TREATMENT......Page 3799 COMPLICATIONS......Page 3800 PREVENTION......Page 3801 FURTHER READING......Page 3803 PHYSIOLOGIC SINUS TACHYCARDIA......Page 4316 FURTHER READING......Page 4318 INTRODUCTION......Page 4320 FURTHER READING......Page 4329 PVCs AND NON-SUSTAINED VT DURING ACUTE ILLNESS......Page 4360 PVCs AND NON-SUSTAINED VT IN PATIENTS WITHOUT HEART DISEASE......Page 4361 PVCs AND NON-SUSTAINED VT ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES......Page 4362 PVC AND NON-SUSTAINED VT ASSOCIATED WITH OTHER CARDIAC DISEASES......Page 4363 FURTHER READING......Page 4364 DIAGNOSIS......Page 4366 TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS......Page 4367 SUSTAINED MONOMORPHIC VT IN SPECIFIC DISEASES......Page 4368 BUNDLE BRANCH REENTRY VT......Page 4371 FURTHER READING......Page 4372 Chapter 250: Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation......Page 4374 HEART FAILURE......Page 4383 COR PULMONALE......Page 4398 FURTHER READING......Page 4402 MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE......Page 4503 LABORATORY EXAMINATION......Page 4506 FURTHER READING......Page 4507 SACCULAR (“BERRY”) ANEURYSM......Page 5075 FURTHER READING......Page 5084 RECENT ACTIVITY AND RESULTS......Page 5159 DONOR SELECTION......Page 5162 IMMUNOLOGY OF REJECTION......Page 5164 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT......Page 5165 CLINICAL COURSE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE RECIPIENT......Page 5170 MALIGNANCY......Page 5176 FURTHER READING......Page 5177 INTRODUCTION......Page 5229 ACUTE INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS......Page 5232 CHRONIC TUBULOINTERSTITIAL DISEASES......Page 5241 METABOLIC DISORDERS......Page 5249 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE......Page 5250 FURTHER READING......Page 5251 THROMBOTIC MICROANGIOPATHY......Page 5252 RENAL VEIN THROMBOSIS......Page 5260 FURTHER READING......Page 5261 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 5262 RISK FACTORS......Page 5263 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SPECIFIC STONE TYPES......Page 5273 FURTHER READING......Page 5276 FUNCTIONS OF THE GI TRACT......Page 5287 OVERVIEW OF GI DISEASES......Page 5288 EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT WITH GI DISEASE......Page 5294 FURTHER READING......Page 5302 INTRODUCTION......Page 5444 NUTRIENT DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION......Page 5446 SPECIFIC DISEASE ENTITIES......Page 5466 SUMMARY......Page 5479 FURTHER READING......Page 5484 CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 5520 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 5522 FURTHER READING......Page 5539 DIVERTICULAR DISEASE......Page 5540 COMMON DISEASES OF THE ANORECTUM......Page 5553 FURTHER READING......Page 5568 INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA......Page 5570 FURTHER READING......Page 5577 EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 5579 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 5582 HISTORY AND PHYSICAL FINDINGS......Page 5584 LABORATORY AND IMAGING STUDIES......Page 5585 TREATMENT......Page 5588 FURTHER READING......Page 5590 ACUTE APPENDICITIS......Page 5592 ACUTE PERITONITIS......Page 5603 FURTHER READING......Page 5605 INTRODUCTION......Page 5619 VITAMINS......Page 5620 MINERALS......Page 5641 FURTHER READING......Page 5647 MALNUTRITION SYNDROMES......Page 5649 NUTRITION ASSESSMENT......Page 5650 FURTHER READING......Page 5662 NUTRITIONAL PHYSIOLOGY......Page 5664 PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION AND ITS VARIANTS......Page 5666 NUTRITIONAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 5668 SPECIALIZED NUTRITION SUPPORT......Page 5671 FURTHER READING......Page 5684 LIVER STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION......Page 5686 LIVER DISEASES......Page 5687 FURTHER READING......Page 5705 CLASSIFICATION OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS......Page 5792 CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS......Page 5797 AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS......Page 5848 FURTHER READING......Page 5854 ADDITIONAL ONLINE BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 5855 ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS......Page 5858 CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 5860 PROGNOSIS......Page 5861 TREATMENT......Page 5862 FURTHER READING......Page 5864 INCIDENCE, PREVALENCE, AND NATURAL HISTORY......Page 5865 PATHOGENESIS......Page 5868 DIAGNOSIS......Page 5869 CLINICAL FEATURES OF NAFLD......Page 5871 TREATMENT OF NAFLD......Page 5872 FURTHER READING......Page 5875 INTRODUCTION......Page 5877 ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS......Page 5878 CIRRHOSIS FROM AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS AND NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE......Page 5884 OTHER TYPES OF CIRRHOSIS......Page 5889 MAJOR COMPLICATIONS OF CIRRHOSIS......Page 5890 FURTHER READING......Page 5904 INDICATIONS......Page 5906 CONTRAINDICATIONS......Page 5910 TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 5911 POSTOPERATIVE COURSE AND MANAGEMENT......Page 5915 OUTCOME......Page 5924 FURTHER READING......Page 5928 Chapter 343: The Major Histocompatibility Complex......Page 6041 DEFINITION......Page 6089 PREDISPOSING FACTORS AND ETIOLOGY......Page 6090 DIAGNOSIS......Page 6091 PREVENTION......Page 6092 FURTHER READING......Page 6094 CLASSIFICATION AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 6095 DIAGNOSIS......Page 6098 FURTHER READING......Page 6100 MECHANISMS OF AUTOIMMUNITY......Page 6102 FURTHER READING......Page 6116 DEFINITIONS......Page 6142 PATHOGENESIS......Page 6143 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND LABORATORY FINDINGS......Page 6144 DIAGNOSIS AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 6146 FURTHER READING......Page 6147 PATHOGENESIS......Page 6224 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 6225 FURTHER READING......Page 6234 Chapter 355: The Spondyloarthritides......Page 6235 CLASSIFICATION......Page 6256 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS......Page 6257 GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS (WEGENER’S)......Page 6266 MICROSCOPIC POLYANGIITIS......Page 6275 EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS (CHURGSTRAUSS)......Page 6277 POLYARTERITIS NODOSA......Page 6279 GIANT CELL ARTERITIS AND POLYMYALGIA RHEUMATICA......Page 6282 TAKAYASU ARTERITIS......Page 6286 IgA VASCULITIS (HENOCH-SCHÖNLEIN)......Page 6289 CRYOGLOBULINEMIC VASCULITIS......Page 6290 IDIOPATHIC CUTANEOUS VASCULITIS......Page 6292 PRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM VASCULITIS......Page 6294 COGAN’S SYNDROME......Page 6295 SECONDARY VASCULITIS......Page 6296 FURTHER READING......Page 6298 DEFINITION, INCIDENCE, AND PREVALENCE......Page 6300 FURTHER READING......Page 6302 INTRODUCTION......Page 6318 PATHOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 6319 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 6320 LABORATORY FINDINGS AND DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING......Page 6324 TREATMENT......Page 6325 FURTHER READING......Page 6326 CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 6351 SEROLOGIC FINDINGS......Page 6356 PATHOLOGY......Page 6357 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 6358 TREATMENT......Page 6359 FURTHER READING......Page 6360 Chapter 363: Approach to Articular and Musculoskeletal Disorders......Page 6370 INTRODUCTION......Page 6391 JOINT PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS AND THEIR FAILURE......Page 6393 RISK FACTORS......Page 6396 PATHOLOGY......Page 6400 SOURCES OF PAIN......Page 6402 CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 6403 FURTHER READING......Page 6412 INTRODUCTION......Page 6414 GOUT......Page 6415 CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE DEPOSITION (CPPD) DISEASE......Page 6419 CALCIUM APATITE DEPOSITION DISEASE......Page 6422 CaOx DEPOSITION DISEASE......Page 6427 FURTHER READING......Page 6428 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS......Page 6430 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 6434 GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY......Page 6436 TREATMENT......Page 6437 PHARMACOLOGIC APPROACHES......Page 6438 FURTHER READING......Page 6439 BURSITIS......Page 6457 ROTATOR CUFF TENDINITIS AND IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME......Page 6458 BICIPITAL TENDINITIS AND RUPTURE......Page 6459 DRUG-INDUCED TENDINOPATHIES......Page 6460 LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS......Page 6461 PLANTAR FASCIITIS......Page 6462 FURTHER READING......Page 6463 SCOPE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY......Page 6465 PATHOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE......Page 6466 FURTHER READING......Page 6474 CLASSES OF HORMONES......Page 6476 FUNCTIO Part 1: The Profession of Medicine Chapter 1: The Practice of Medicine Part 2: Cardinal Manifestations and Presentation of Diseases Section 8: Alterations in the Skin Chapter 56: Cutaneous Drug Reactions Part 3: Pharmacology Chapter 63: Principles of Clinical Pharmacology Chapter 64: Pharmacogenomics Part 5: Infectious Diseases Section 1: Basic Considerations in Infectious Diseases Chapter 116: Molecular Mechanisms of Microbial Pathogenesis Chapter 117: Approach to the Acutely Ill Infected Febrile Patient Chapter 118: Immunization Principles and Vaccine Use Section 2: Clinical Syndromes: Community-Acquired Infections Chapter 121: Pneumonia Chapter 122: Lung Abscess Chapter 124: Infections of the Skin, Muscles, and Soft Tissues Chapter 125: Infectious Arthritis Chapter 126: Osteomyelitis Chapter 127: Intraabdominal Infections and Abscesses Chapter 129: Clostridium difficile Infection, Including Pseudomembranous Colitis Chapter 130: Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis, and Prostatitis Part 6: Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Section 1: Introduction to Cardiovascular Disorders Chapter 231: Approach to the Patient with Possible Cardiovascular Disease Chapter 232: Basic Biology of the Cardiovascular System Chapter 233: Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease Section 2: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disorders Chapter 234: Physical Examination of the Cardiovascular System Chapter 235: Electrocardiography Chapter 237: Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography Section 3: Disorders of Rhythm Chapter 238: Principles of Electrophysiology Chapter 239: The Bradyarrhythmias: Disorders of the Sinoatrial Node Chapter 240: The Bradyarrhythmias: Disorders of the Atrioventricular Node Chapter 241: Approach to Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias Chapter 242: Physiologic and Non-Physiologic Sinus Tachycardia Chapter 243: Focal Atrial Tachycardia Section 4: Disorders of the Heart Chapter 263: Multiple and Mixed Valvular Heart Disease Chapter 264: Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult Part 7: Disorders of the Respiratory System Section 1: Diagnosis of Respiratory Disorders Chapter 278: Approach to the Patient with Disease of the Respiratory System Chapter 279: Disturbances of Respiratory Function Chapter 280: Diagnostic Procedures in Respiratory Disease Section 2: Diseases of the Respiratory System Chapter 281: Asthma Chapter 282: Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Pulmonary Infiltrates with Eosinophilia. 880-01 Chapter 291: Sleep Apnea Part 8: Critical Care Medicine Section 1: Respiratory Critical Care Chapter 293: Approach to the Patient with Critical Illness Part 9: Disorders of the Kidney and Urinary Tract Chapter 303: Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Kidney Chapter 304: Acute Kidney Injury Chapter 305: Chronic Kidney Disease Chapter 306: Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure Part 10: Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System Section 3: Liver and Biliary Tract Disease Chapter 332: Acute Viral Hepatitis Chapter 334: Chronic Hepatitis Part 11: Immune-Mediated, Inflammatory, and Rheumatologic Disorders Section 1: The Immune System in Health and Disease Chapter 343: The Major Histocompatibility Complex Chapter 344: Primary Immune Deficiency Diseases Section 2: Disorders of Immune-Mediated Injury Chapter 345: Urticaria, Angioedema, and Allergic Rhinitis Chapter 346: Anaphylaxis Chapter 347: Mastocytosis Chapter 348: Autoimmunity and Autoimmune Diseases Chapter 353: Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma) and Related Disorders Part 12: Endocrinology and Metabolism Section 1: Endocrinology Chapter 369: Approach to the Patient with Endocrine Disorders Chapter 370: Mechanisms of Hormone Action Chapter 371: Physiology of Anterior Pituitary Hormones Chapter 372: Hypopituitarism Chapter 373: Pituitary Tumor Syndromes Chapter 374: Disorders of the Neurohypophysis Chapter 375: Thyroid Gland Physiology and Testing Chapter 376: Hypothyroidism Chapter 377: Hyperthyroidism Chapter 378: Thyroid Nodular Disease and Thyroid Cancer Part 14: Poisoning, Drug Overdose, and Envenomation Chapter 449: Heavy Metal Poisoning Chapter 450: Poisoning and Drug Overdose Part 23: Atlases Chapter A1: Atlas of Rashes Associated with Fever Chapter A2: Atlas of Oral Manifestations of Disease Chapter A3: Atlas of Urinary Sediments and Renal Biopsies Chapter A4: Atlas of Skin Manifestations of Internal Disease Chapter A5: Atlas of Hematology Chapter A7: Atlas of Electrocardiography Chapter A9: Atlas of Cardiac Arrhythmias Chapter A13: Atlas of Liver Biopsies Chapter A14: Atlas of the Vasculitic Syndromes. MASTER MODERN MEDICINE! Introducing the Landmark Twentieth Edition of the Global Icon of Internal Medicine The definitive guide to internal medicine is more essential than ever with the latest in disease mechanisms, updated clinical trial results and recommended guidelines, state-of-the art radiographic images, therapeutic approaches and specific treatments, hundreds of demonstrative full-color drawings, and practical clinical decision trees and algorithms Recognized by healthcare professionals worldwide as the leading authority on applied pathophysiology and clinical medicine, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine gives you the informational foundation you need to provide the best patient care possible. Essential for practice and education, the landmark 20th Edition features: Thoroughly revised content—covering the many new breakthroughs and advances in clinical medicine that have occurred since the last edition of Harrison's. Chapters on acute and chronic hepatitis, management of diabetes, immune-based therapies in cancer, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, HIV, and many more, deliver the very latest information on disease mechanisms, diagnostic options, and the specific treatment guidance you need to provide optimal patient care. State-of-the-art coverage of disease mechanisms: Harrison's focuses on pathophysiology with rigor, and with the goal of linking disease mechanisms to treatments. Improved understanding of how diseases develop and progress not only promotes better decision-making and higher value care, but also makes for fascinating reading and improved retention. Harrison's summarizes important new basic science developments, such as the role of mitochondria in programmed and necrotic cell death, the immune system's role in cancer development and treatment, the impact of telomere shortening in the aging and disease processes, and the role of the microbiome in health and disease. Understanding the role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease, the precise mechanisms of immune deficiency in HIV/AIDS, prions and misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative diseases, and obesity as a predisposition to diabetes are just a few examples of how this edition provides essential pathophysiology information for health professionals. All-new sections covering a wide range of new and emerging areas of vital interest to all healthcare professionals. New sections include: Sex and Gender-based Issues in Medicine; Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolic Syndrome; and Consultative Medicine—Plus, a new Part covering cutting-edge topics in research and clinical medicine includes great new chapters on the role of Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Behavioral Strategies to Improve Health, Genomics and Infectious Diseases, Emerging Neuro-Therapeutic Technologies, and Telomere Function in Health and Disease, and Network System Medicine. Important and timely new chapters—such as Promoting Good Health, LGBT Health, Systems of Healthcare, Approach to Medical Consultation, Pharmacogenomics, Antimicrobial Resistance, Worldwide Changes in Patterns of Infectious Diseases, Neuromyelitis Optica, and more—offer the very latest, definitive perspectives on must-know topics in medical education and practice. Updated clinical guidelines, expert opinions, and treatment approaches from world-renowned editors and authors contribute to the accuracy and immediacy of the text material and present a clear blueprint for optimizing patient outcomes. End-of-chapter suggested readings reinforce the text material and provide a robust platform for further study and research. Harrison's Is Intended For Learners Throughout Their Careers. For Students, Part 1, Chapter 1 Begins With An Overview Of The Practice Of Medicine. In This Introductory Chapter, The Editors Continue The Tradition Of Orienting Clinicians To The Science And The Art Of Medicine, Emphasizing The Values Of Our Profession While Incorporating New Advances In Technology, Science, And Clinical Care. Part 2, Cardinal Manifestations And Presentation Of Diseases Is A Signature Feature Of Harrison's. These Chapters Eloquently Describe How Patients Present With Common Clinical Conditions, Such As Headache, Fever, Cough, Palpitations, Or Anemia, And Provide An Overview Of Typical Symptoms, Physical Findings, And Differential Diagnosis. Mastery Of These Topics Prepares Students For Subsequent Chapters On Specific Diseases They Will Encounter In Courses On Pathophysiology And In Clinical Clerkships-- Part 1. The Profession Of Medicine -- Part 2. Cardinal Manifestations And Presentation Of Diseases -- Part 3. Pharmacology -- Part 4. Oncology And Hematology -- Part 5. Infectious Diseases -- Part 6. Disorders Of The Cardiovascular System -- Part 7. Disorders Of The Respiratory System -- Part 8. Critical Care Medicine -- Part 9. Disorders Of The Kidney And Urinary Tract -- Part 10: Disorders Of The Gastrointestinal System -- Part 11: Immune-mediated, Inflammatory, And Rheumatologic Disorders -- Part 12. Endocrinology And Metabolism -- Part 13. Neurologic Disorders -- Part 14. Poisoning, Drug Overdose, And Envenomation -- Part 15. Disorders Associated With Environmental Exposures -- Part 16. Genes, The Environment, And Disease -- Part 17. Global Medicine -- Part 18. Aging -- Part 19. Consultative Medicine -- Part 20. Frontiers -- Video Collection -- Supplementary Topics -- Atlases. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.