Handbook of modern sensors : physics, designs, and applications

This book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the theory (physical principles), design, and practical implementations of various sensors for scientific, industrial and consumer applications. This latest edition focuses on the sensing technologies driven by the expanding use of sensors in mobile devices. These new miniature sensors will be described, with an emphasis on smart sensors which have embedded processing systems. The chapter on chemical sensors has also been expanded to present the latest developments. Digital systems, however complex and intelligent they may be, must receive information from the outside world that is generally analog and not electrical. Sensors are interface devices between various physical values and the electronic circuits that "understand" only a language of moving electrical charges. In other words, sensors are the eyes, ears, and noses of silicon chips. Unlike other books on sensors, the __Handbook of Modern Sensors__ is organized according to the measured variables (temperature, pressure, position, etc.). This book is a reference text for students, researchers interested in modern instrumentation (applied physicists and engineers), sensor designers, application engineers and technicians whose job it is to understand, select and/or design sensors for practical systems. The Development of faster, more accurate, more sensitive sensors continues, with scientists creating and refining new ways for translating physical values into electronic information. This authoritative handbook takes readers to the cutting edge of sensor technology, providing an expert assessment of current research at the crossroads where the digital, analog, and physical worlds meet. Written by one of the field's leading specialists, Handbook of Modern Sensors is the only book of its kind: a quick-access guide to the basic principles, design specifications, and uses of a number of important contemporary sensors and detectors. No other volume offers such a clearly written presentation of theoretical and practical information in such a streamlined format. Handbook of Modern Sensors begins with the basic physical principles that form the foundations of sensor design, then explores the interfaces between sensors and peripheral processing devices. This paves the way for the book's survey of current sensors - coverage organized by the type of variable being measured (from acceleration to vibration). While ranging across a wide variety of devices, the book emphasizes those that are less well known, whose technology is on the rise, and whose existence is making previously inaccessible measurements possible. Thoroughly revised and updated throughout, the Second Edition features new sections on acoustic waves temperature and on temperature and chemical sensors, plus a new chapter on manufacturing methods and materials. . Handbook of Modern Sensors, with its state-of-the-art perspective, is a valuable source of information for physicists and engineering professionals. Yet its easy-going writing style, clear descriptions, and focus on the fundamentals make the book supremely accessible to students as well. "This book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the theory (physical principles), design, and practical implementations of various sensors for scientific, industrial, and consumer applications. This latest edition focuses on the sensing technologies driven by the expanding use of sensors in mobile devices. These new miniature sensors will be described, with an emphasis on smart sensors which have embedded processing systems. The chapter on chemical sensors has also been expanded to present the latest developments. Digital systems, however complex and intelligent they may be, must receive information from the outside world that is generally analog and not electrical. Sensors are interface devices between various physical values and the electronic circuits that "understand" only a language of moving electrical charges. In other words, sensors are the eyes, ears, and noses of silicon chips. Unlike other books on sensors, the Handbook of Modern Sensors is organized according to the measured variables (temperature, pressure, position, etc.). This book is a reference text for students, researchers interested in modern instrumentation (applied physicists and engineers), sensor designers, application engineers and technicians whose job it is to understand, select and/or design sensors for practical systems."--Publisher's description "This book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the theory (physical principles), design, and practical implementations of various sensors for scientific, industrial, and consumer applications. This latest edition focuses on the sensing technologies driven by the expanding use of sensors in mobile devices. These new miniature sensors will be described, with an emphasis on smart sensors which have embedded processing systems. The chapter on chemical sensors has also been expanded to present the latest developments. Digital systems, however complex and intelligent they may be, must receive information from the outside world that is generally analog and not electrical. Sensors are interface devices between various physical values and the electronic circuits that "understand" only a language of moving electrical charges. In other words, sensors are the eyes, ears, and noses of silicon chips. Unlike other books on sensors, the Handbook of Modern Sensors is organized according to the measured variables (temperature, pressure, position, etc.). This book is a reference text for students, researchers interested in modern instrumentation (applied physicists and engineers), sensor designers, application engineers and technicians whose job it is to understand, select and/or design sensors for practical systems."--Page 4 of cover Front Matter....Pages i-xix Data Acquisition....Pages 1-11 Transfer Functions....Pages 13-34 Sensor Characteristics....Pages 35-68 Physical Principles of Sensing....Pages 69-154 Optical Components of Sensors....Pages 155-189 Interface Electronic Circuits....Pages 191-270 Detectors of Humans....Pages 271-333 Presence, Displacement, and Level....Pages 335-377 Velocity and Acceleration....Pages 379-411 Force and Strain....Pages 413-428 Pressure Sensors....Pages 429-451 Flow Sensors....Pages 453-484 Microphones....Pages 485-505 Humidity and Moisture Sensors....Pages 507-523 Light Detectors....Pages 525-567 Detectors of Ionizing Radiation....Pages 569-583 Temperature Sensors....Pages 585-643 Chemical and Biological Sensors....Pages 645-697 Materials and Technologies....Pages 699-731 Back Matter....Pages 733-758