Handbook of Micrometeorology: A Guide for Surface Flux Measurement and Analysis (Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library, 29)

"The Handbook of Micrometeorology is the most up-to-date reference for micrometeorological issues and methods related to the eddy covariance technique for estimating mass and energy exchange between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere. It is intended to provide micrometeorologists, ecosystem scientists, boundary-layer meteorologists, and students involved in micrometeorology with the state of science on measurement and analysis. The Handbook is the culmination of many detailed discussions of theory, analysis, and practical applications by the leading scientists in the field. It provides useful advice for bringing coherence to estimates of mass and energy exchange for understanding the role of the terrestrial biosphere in global environmental change."--Jacket Micrometeorology is a branch of meteorology that is concerned with atmospheric phenomena and processes near the ground at scales of tens of meters to several kilometers. Progress in micrometeorologyismade throughexperimentalinvestigationofthesephenomenaandquantitative studyattemptingtobringordertoexperimentaldata. Studiesofsurfa- air?ux play a crucial role in this endeavor. The current paradigm of micrometeorology builds on two premises: (i) that scale separation exists so that the microscale phenomena can be treated more or less in isolation of phenomena occurring at larger scales, and (ii) that these phenomena are in?uenced by the surface to such an extent that “external factors” can be ignored. Quantitative studies have been based on the assumption of horizontal homogeneity, which inevitably biases the investigation toward over-idealization of the real world by restricting it to perfectly?at topography and daytime, fair weather conditions. This bias was noted by John Philip 40 years ago: “Experimenters attempt to avoid [advection] by working on sites downwind of extensive ‘homogeneous'areas. Sometimes advection is invoked to explain otherwise inexplicable observations...” (J. Meteorol. 16, 535). Introduction....Pages 1-5 Averaging, Detrending, and Filtering of Eddy Covariance Time Series....Pages 7-31 Coordinate Systems and Flux Bias Error....Pages 33-66 Uncertainty in Eddy Covariance Flux Estimates Resulting from Spectral Attenuation....Pages 67-99 Low Frequency Atmospheric Transport and Surface Flux Measurements....Pages 101-118 Measurements of Trace Gas Fluxes in the Atmosphere Using Eddy Covariance: WPL Corrections Revisited....Pages 119-132 Concerning the Measurement of Atmospheric Trace Gas Fluxes with Open- and Closed-Path Eddy Covariance System: The WPL Terms and Spectral Attenuation....Pages 133-160 Stationarity, Homogeneity, and Ergodicity in Canopy Turbulence....Pages 161-180 Post-Field Data Quality Control....Pages 181-208 Advection and Modeling....Pages 209-244