Handbook of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents, Volume 1: Military Chemical and Toxic Industrial Agents (Handbook Chemical & Biological Warfare Agents 3e)

The Handbook of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents, Volume 1: Military Chemical and Toxic Industrial Agents, Third Edition provides rapid access to key data to response professionals and decision-makers on a broad range of agents and pathogens. This volume examines military chemical agents that were developed for their lethal effects and includes chapters on nerve agents, vesicants, urticants, convulsants, blood agents, and pulmonary agents. It also details toxic industrial materials that are considered potential threat for use as improvised agents. In addition to a discussion of each of these classes of agents, coverage includes detailed information on a broad spectrum of individual agents that have been used on the battlefield, stockpiled as weapons, used or threatened to be used by terrorists, or have been otherwise assessed by qualified law enforcement and response organizations and determined to be agents of significant concern The information presented in this edition has been updated and expanded; containing more information on toxicology, health effects, chemical and physical properties of individual agents, as well as protective actions needed at the scene of an incident. Key Features: Focuses on key information needed during an emergency response Provides updated toxicology, exposure hazards, physical-chemical data, and best practices with regard to the treatment of casualties Presents updated protective action distances, decontamination, and remediation information All data compiled is gathered from numerous sources and arranged into the current, easy-to-access format. In order to ensure accuracy, all data has been cross-checked over the widest variety of military, scientific and medical sources available. The Handbook of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents, Volume 1: Military Chemical and Toxic Industrial Agents, Third Edition remains the gold-standard reference detailing the widest variety of military, scientific, and medical sources available Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Contents Preface to Volume 1 Acknowledgements Explanatory Notes to Volume 1 Author Nerve Agents 1. Organophosphorus Nerve Agents General Information G-Series Nerve Agents V-Series Nerve Agents GV-Series Nerve Agents Novichok- (or A-) Series Nerve Agents Oxime-Series Agents Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards G-series V-series GV-series Novichok-series Oxime-series Latency Period Vapor/Aerosols (inhalational mists or dusts) Liquids Solids (non-aerosol) Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Munition Grade Binary Agents Modified Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis G-Series Nerve Agents V-Series Nerve Agents GV-Series Nerve Agents Novichok Agents Oxime-Series Nerve Agents Combustion G-Series Nerve Agents V-Series Nerve Agents GV-Series Nerve Agents Novichok Agents Oxime Series Agents Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General G-Series Nerve Agents V-Series Nerve Agents GV-Series Nerve Agents Novichok Agents Oxime-Series Agents Vapors Casualties/personnel Small areas Liquids, Solutions, or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Solids, Dusty Agents, or Particulate Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Vapors/Aerosols Liquids/Solids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography 2. Carbamate Nerve Agents General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Latency Period Aerosols (mists or dusts) Solids/Solutions (non-aerosol) Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Modified Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis Combustion Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Solutions or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/Personnel Small areas Solids or Particulate Aerosols Casualties/Personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Aerosols Solutions/Solids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography Vesicant/Urticant Agents 3. Sulfur and Nitrogen Vesicants General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Sulfur series Nitrogen series Latency Period Vapor/Aerosols (mists or dusts) Liquids Solids (non-aerosol) Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Munition Grade Modified Agents Mixtures with Other Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis Combustion Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Sulfur vesicants Nitrogen vesicants Vapors Casualties/Personnel Small areas Liquids, Solutions, or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/Personnel Small areas Solids, Dusty Agents, or Particulate Aerosols Casualties/Personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Vapors/Aerosols Liquids/Solids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 (majority of cases) Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography 4. Arsenic Vesicants General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Latency Period Vapor/Aerosols (mists or dusts) Liquids Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Munition Grade Modified Agents Mixtures with Other Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis Combustion Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Vapors Casualties/personnel Small areas Liquids, Solutions, or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Vapors/Aerosols Liquids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 (majority of cases) Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography 5. Urticants General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Latency Period Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Munition Grade Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis Combustion Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Vapors Casualties/personnel Small areas Liquids, Solutions, or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Solids or Particulate Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Vapors/Aerosols Liquids/Solids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 (majority of cases) Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography Toxic Agents 6. Bicyclophosphate Convulsants General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Latency Period Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Modified Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Solutions or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Solids or Particulate Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography 7. COX-Inhibiting Blood Agents General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Latency Period Vapor Liquid Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Munition Grade Binary/Reactive Agents Modified Agents Mixtures with Other Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis Combustion Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Vapors Casualties/personnel Small areas Liquids, Solutions or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Solids or Particulate Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Vapors/Aerosols Liquids/Solids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography 8. Arsine Blood Agents General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Latency Period Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Binary Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis Combustion Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Vapors Casualties/personnel Small areas Reactive Solids Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography 9. Carbon Monoxide Blood Agents General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Latency Period Vapor/Aerosols (mists) Liquid Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Munition Grade Mixtures with Other Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis Combustion Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General (Metal Carbonyls) Vapors (Metal Carbonyls) Casualties/personnel Small areas Liquids or Solutions (Metal Carbonyls) Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Vapors/Aerosols Liquids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography 10. Pulmonary Agents General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure General Exposure Hazards Latency Period Vapor/Aerosols Characteristics Physical Appearance/Odor Laboratory Grade Modified Agents Mixtures with Other Agents Stability Persistency Environmental Fate Additional Hazards Exposure Livestock/Pets Fire Reactivity Hazardous Decomposition Products Hydrolysis Combustion Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Vapors Casualties/personnel Small areas Liquids, Solutions, or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Solids or Particulate Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Differential Diagnosis Signs and Symptoms Vapors Liquids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography 11. Toxic Industrial Agents General Information Toxicology Effects Pathways and Routes of Exposure Protection Evacuation Recommendations Personal Protective Requirements Structural Firefighters' Gear Respiratory Protection Chemical Protective Clothing Decontamination General Vapors Casualties/personnel Small areas Liquids, Solutions or Liquid Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Solids or Particulate Aerosols Casualties/personnel Small areas Medical CDC Case Definition Signs and Symptoms Vapors/aerosols Liquids/solids Mass-Casualty Triage Recommendations Casualty Management Fatality Management Bibliography Alphanumeric Indices Alphabetical Index of Chemical Names, Military Codes and Synonyms Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Numbers United Nations (UN) Numbers European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EC) Numbers U.S. Food and Drug Administration Unique Ingredient Identifiers (UNII) 11th Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) Codes Index