Handbook of Adhesives and Surface Preparation: Technology, Applications and Manufacturing (Plastics Design Library)

The Applied Handbook of Adhesives provides a thoroughly practical survey of all aspects of adhesives technology from selection and surface preparation to industrial applications and health and environmental factors. The resulting handbook is a hard-working reference for a wide range of engineers and technicians working in the adhesives industry and a variety of industry sectors that make considerable use of adhesives. Particular attention is given to adhesives applications in the automotive, aerospace, medical, dental and electronics sectors. A handbook that truly focuses on the applied aspects of adhesives selection and applications: this is a book that won't gather dust on the shelf ? Provides practical techniques for rendering materials surfaces adherable ? Sector-based studies explore the specific issues for automotive & aerospace, medical, dental and electronics PDL HANDBOOK SERIES......Page 1 Frontmatter......Page 2 Copyright ......Page 3 Acknowledgments......Page 4 Dedication......Page 5 Preface......Page 6 Functions of Adhesives......Page 8 Disadvantages......Page 9 Introduction to Theories of Adhesion......Page 10 Electrostatic (Electronic) Theory......Page 11 Wetting Theory......Page 12 Chemical Bonding......Page 13 Weak Boundary Layer Theory......Page 14 Mechanisms of Bond Failure......Page 15 References......Page 17 Definition of Surface Preparation, Adhesives, and Adhesive Bonding......Page 19 Surface Treatment of Metals......Page 51 Acrylics......Page 139 Solvent Cleaning......Page 20 Section 878.4010 Tissue adhesive......Page 21 Safety......Page 23 Environmental Considerations......Page 383 Cleaning (Degreasing) Metals......Page 52 Contact Angle (Young's Equation)......Page 25 Surface Tension Measurement......Page 27 Vapor Degreasing......Page 54 Ion-Assisted Reaction Treatment......Page 109 References......Page 31 Infrared Spectroscopy......Page 33 Raman Spectroscopy......Page 35 Optimizing Coupling Agent Performance......Page 367 Rutherford Backscattering Theory......Page 36 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)......Page 37 Bench Testing......Page 79 Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES)......Page 39 Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS)......Page 40 Gas Chromatography (GC)......Page 41 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)......Page 42 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)......Page 43 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)......Page 45 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)......Page 46 References......Page 49 Size Exclusion Chromatography......Page 185 Isothermal Aging......Page 186 EVA and Polyolefin Resins......Page 89 Fiberglass for Reinforced Plastics......Page 371 Grit Blasting (contributed by Dr Laurence W. McKeen)......Page 56 Peptic Ulcer Bleeding......Page 349 General Applications of Silane-Coupling Agents......Page 58 Effect of Treatment on Plastic Surfaces......Page 59 Surface Cleaning......Page 60 Corona Treatment......Page 61 Three-Dimensional Corona Treatment......Page 63 Corona Treatment of Fluoroplastics......Page 64 Flame Treatment......Page 65 Plasma Treatment......Page 67 In-line Plasma Treatment of Wire Insulation......Page 70 Chemical Etching......Page 72 Sodium Etching of Fluoroplastics......Page 75 References......Page 81 FPL Paste Etch......Page 84 Economics......Page 384 Chromate-Free Etch Process......Page 85 Recent Etching Research Results......Page 86 Copper and Copper Alloys......Page 90 Gold......Page 91 Conversion Coatings and Wash Primers......Page 92 Methods of Applying Silanes to Minerals......Page 192 Hydroxy Ethyl Methacrylate......Page 93 Clinical Studies......Page 396 Corrosivity......Page 94 Stainless Steel......Page 95 Oxalic-Sulfuric Acid Process for Maximum Heat Resistance......Page 96 Acid Etch......Page 97 Titanium......Page 98 Stabilized Phosphate-Fluoride Treatment......Page 99 Alkaline Etch......Page 100 ASTM Suggested Methods......Page 101 Abrasive Method......Page 102 Conversion Coatings......Page 103 Vapor Honing/Pasa-Jell® 107M Procedure......Page 104 References......Page 105 Ultraviolet Light Treatment......Page 108 Aluminum......Page 303 Printed Circuit Board Applications......Page 110 Other Mechanical Testing......Page 304 Instructions for Use......Page 112 Ionomer......Page 113 Phenylene Oxide Based Resins (Noryl®)......Page 245 Polyarylate......Page 114 Properties of Cured Adhesives......Page 282 Flame Treatment......Page 115 Primers......Page 289 Polyetheretherketone......Page 116 Polyethersulfone......Page 246 Oxidizing Flame Method......Page 117 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)......Page 118 Sodium Dichromate-Sulfuric Acid Process......Page 119 Phenol-Formaldehyde (Phenolics)......Page 248 Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)......Page 120 Diallyl Phthalate (DAP)......Page 121 Polyimide......Page 122 Urea-Formaldehyde......Page 123 Grit-Blasting or Sandblasting......Page 124 Surface Preparation of Rubbers......Page 125 Cyclization......Page 126 Cyclization......Page 127 Chlorobutyl Rubber......Page 128 Primers......Page 129 Primers......Page 130 Epichlorohydrin Elastomer......Page 131 Ceramics and Glass......Page 132 Conductive Adhesives......Page 143 References......Page 133 History of Adhesives......Page 136 Typical Silane-Coupling Agents......Page 363 Chronology of Developments......Page 138 Alloyed or Modified (Two-Polymer) Adhesives......Page 140 References......Page 235 Butyl Rubber Adhesives......Page 142 Electrically Conductive Adhesives (Chip-Bonding Adhesives)......Page 145 Medical Grade CA Adhesives......Page 146 Delayed-Tack Adhesives......Page 148 Epoxy Adhesives......Page 149 Hardening Agents for Epoxy Adhesives......Page 150 Film and Tape Adhesives......Page 151 Hot-Melt Adhesives......Page 153 Curing Agents......Page 154 Inorganic Adhesives (Cements)......Page 155 Sauereisen's Adhesives......Page 156 Vegetable Glues......Page 157 Tissue Adhesives in Topical Skin Wounds......Page 350 Nitrile-Epoxy (Elastomer-Epoxy) Adhesives......Page 160 Nylon-Epoxy Adhesives......Page 161 Phenoxy Adhesives......Page 162 Polybenzimidazole Adhesives......Page 163 Polyimide Adhesives......Page 164 Polysulfone Adhesives......Page 165 Polyurethane Adhesives......Page 166 Polyvinyl Alcohol Adhesives......Page 167 Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives......Page 168 Silicone Adhesives......Page 169 Solvent-Based Systems......Page 171 Thermosetting Resin Adhesives......Page 172 Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesives (Ureas)......Page 173 Vinyl-Resin Adhesives......Page 174 Water-Based Adhesives......Page 175 Green Adhesives and Sealants......Page 177 References......Page 178 Introduction......Page 183 Polymer Chemistry......Page 188 Fiber-Reinforced Plastics......Page 189 Structural Adhesives......Page 190 Self-Standing Polyimide Films......Page 268 Thermosetting Resins......Page 194 Maleimide-Terminated Resins......Page 195 Nadimide-Terminated Resins......Page 196 Acetylene-Terminated Resins......Page 197 Infrared Spectroscopy......Page 198 Application Methods......Page 199 Nonsilane Adhesion Promoters......Page 377 Lap-Shear Strength Measurement......Page 201 Linear Polyimide Precursors......Page 202 Maleimide-Terminated Adhesives......Page 205 Nadimide-Terminated Adhesives......Page 208 Acetylene-Terminated Adhesives......Page 209 Polyimides......Page 211 Polybenzimidazoles......Page 214 References......Page 216 Introduction......Page 219 UV-Curable Acrylate Resins......Page 220 Thiol-Polyene System......Page 223 UV Curing of Epoxides......Page 225 UV Curing of VEs......Page 226 UV Curing of Hybrid Systems......Page 227 Dual-Cure Systems......Page 228 Applications of Radiation-Curable Adhesives......Page 229 Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives......Page 232 Release Coatings......Page 234 Copper and Copper Alloys......Page 242 Comparison of Effects of Suture and Tissue Adhesive on Bacterial Counts......Page 243 Acetal Copolymer (Celcon®)......Page 244 Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon®)......Page 247 Plastic Foams......Page 249 Rubbers (Elastomers)......Page 250 References......Page 251 Introduction......Page 254 Epoxy Resins......Page 255 Reactive and Nonreactive Solvents......Page 259 Epoxy-Phenolic Resins......Page 263 Epoxy-Silicone Compositions......Page 264 Silicone Resins......Page 266 Polyimides......Page 267 Polyimide Adhesives......Page 269 Electrical Conductivity......Page 272 Thermal Conductivity......Page 275 Material Properties......Page 278 Materials......Page 279 Viscosity and Rheology......Page 280 Thermal Stability......Page 283 Outgassing......Page 284 Bond Strength......Page 285 Electrical Stability......Page 291 References......Page 292 Early Structural Adhesive Bonding in Metallic Aircraft Structures......Page 295 Background......Page 390 Why Bond?......Page 298 Honeycomb Core......Page 305 Skins......Page 308 Substrate Surface Pretreatment......Page 309 Primers and Priming......Page 310 Corrosion Inhibiting Primers......Page 311 Organosilanes......Page 312 “Role” of Adhesives......Page 314 Formats of Adhesives......Page 315 Chemistries of Adhesives......Page 316 Adhesive Cure Temperatures......Page 317 Typical Commercial Range of Structural Adhesives......Page 318 Primers......Page 326 Paste Adhesives......Page 332 Film Adhesives......Page 333 Paste Adhesives......Page 334 Curing of Adhesives......Page 335 References......Page 337 Introduction......Page 339 Adhesives for Skin Closure......Page 340 Cyanoacrylic Adhesives......Page 341 Commercial Grades of CA Tissue Adhesives......Page 345 Test Methods to Characterize Strength of Tissue Adhesives......Page 346 Case Studies of Tissue Adhesives......Page 347 Tissue Adhesive for Closure of Hernia Incisions......Page 351 Dental Applications of Adhesives......Page 353 Methyl Methacrylate......Page 356 References......Page 357 Silane Chemistry......Page 364 The Interphase Region......Page 365 Bonding to the Inorganic Substrate......Page 366 How to Choose a Silane-Coupling Agent......Page 369 Nature of Bonding to Minerals......Page 372 Effect of Silanes on Properties of Mineral-Filled Composites......Page 374 Rubber Tire Applications......Page 375 Choice of an Adhesion Promoter......Page 376 References......Page 378 Appendix A Safety, Environmental, and Economic Aspects and Future Trends......Page 381 Future Trends......Page 385 Green Adhesives......Page 386 sdarticle_23......Page 388 Outline placeholder......Page 0 Summary report......Page 391 Scope......Page 392 Device Description......Page 393 Adhesive Strength......Page 394 Shelf Life Testing......Page 395 Precautions......Page 397 Glossary......Page 399 Index......Page 406 Handbook of Adhesives and Surface Preparation provides a thoroughly practical survey of all aspects of adhesives technology from selection and surface preparation to industrial applications and health and environmental factors. The resulting handbook is a hard-working reference for a wide range of engineers and technicians working in the adhesives industry and a variety of industry sectors that make considerable use of adhesives. Particular attention is given to adhesives applications in the automotive, aerospace, medical, dental and electronics sectors. A handbook that truly focuses on the applied aspects of adhesives selection and applications: this is a book that won't gather dust on the shelf Provides practical techniques for rendering materials surfaces adherable Sector-based studies explore the specific issues for automotive and aerospace, medical, dental and electronics The Applied Handbook of Adhesives provides a thoroughly practical survey of all aspects of adhesives technology from selection and surface preparation to industrial applications and health and environmental factors. The resulting handbook is a hard-working reference for a wide range of engineers and technicians working in the adhesives industry and a variety of industry sectors that make considerable use of adhesives. Particular attention is given to adhesives applications in the automotive, aerospace, medical, dental and electronics sectors. A handbook that truly focuses on the applied aspects of adhesives selection and applications: this is a book that won't gather dust on the shelf Provides practical techniques for rendering materials surfaces adhearable Sector-based studies explore the specific issues for automotive & aerospace, medical, dental and electronics. Introduction and adhesion theories Introduction to surface preparation and adhesion Surface tension and its measurement Surface and material characterization techniques Material surface preparation techniques Surface preparation of metals Surface preparation of thermoplastics, thermosets, and elastomers Characteristics of adhesive materials Heat-resistant adhesives UV-radiation curing of adhesives Adhesives for special adherends Adhesives for electronics Adhesives for aerospace structures Adhesives for medical and dental applications Adhesion promoters. Provides a practical survey of all aspects of adhesives technology, from selection and surface preparation to industrial applications and health and environmental factors. The handbook focuses on the applied aspects of adhesives selection and applications, and it provides practical techniques for rendering materials surfaces adhearable. Particular attention is given to adhesives applications in the automotive, aerospace, medical, dental and electronics sectors