Gypsies in Germany and Italy : 1861-1914 ; lives outside the law

Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. By the early 20th century, Gypsies in Germany and Italy were pushed outside the national community and subjected to the arbitrary whims of executive authorities. This book offers an account of these exclusionary policies and their links to the rise of nationalism, liberalism, and the modern bureaucratic state. Using detailed archival research, Illuzzi offers a new framework for addressing the pressing contemporary question of Roma discrimination, rooting it not in the exception of fascism, but liberal notions of equality before the law. By the eve of the First World War, being a 'German' or 'Italian' Gypsy was impossible. Being a Gypsy meant being outside the state and outside the law Cover 1 Half-Title 2 Title 3 Copyright 4 Contents 5 Acknowledgements 6 List of Abbreviations 7 1 The Modern Bureaucratic State of Exception 8 2 Complex Realities: Executive Power and the Police 35 3 Executive Struggles in Italy 1861–1909 69 4 Executive Struggles in Germany 1870–1909 96 5 Creating a State of Exception: 1910–1913 126 6 The Courts, 1861–1914 159 7 Conclusion: The Modern Bureaucratic State and Gypsy Exclusion 181 Notes 191 Bibliography 212 Index 220 Front Matter....Pages i-vii The Modern Bureaucratic State of Exception....Pages 1-27 Complex Realities: Executive Power and the Police....Pages 28-61 Executive Struggles in Italy 1861–1909....Pages 62-88 Executive Struggles in Germany 1870–1909....Pages 89-118 Creating a State of Exception: 1910–1913....Pages 119-151 The Courts, 1861–1914....Pages 152-173 Conclusion: The Modern Bureaucratic State and Gypsy Exclusion....Pages 174-183 Back Matter....Pages 184-216