Guns, Germs, and Steel [eBook - NC Digital Library] : The Fates of Human Societies /

"Fascinating.... Lays a foundation for understanding human history."—Bill Gates In this "artful, informative, and delightful" (William H. McNeill, New York Review of Books) book, Jared Diamond convincingly argues that geographical and environmental factors shaped the modern world. Societies that had had a head start in food production advanced beyond the hunter-gatherer stage, and then developed religion --as well as nasty germs and potent weapons of war --and adventured on sea and land to conquer and decimate preliterate cultures. A major advance in our understanding of human societies, Guns, Germs, and Steel chronicles the way that the modern world came to be and stunningly dismantles racially based theories of human history. Winner of the Pulitzer Prize, the Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science, the Rhone-Poulenc Prize, and the Commonwealth club of California's Gold Medal. The Author Dismantles Racially Based Theories Of Human History By Revealing The Environmental Factors He Feels Are Responsible For History's Broadest Patterns. Yali's Question: The Regionally Differing Courses Of History -- From Eden To Cajamarca. Up To The Starting Line: What Happened On All The Continents Before 11,000 B.c.? -- A Natural Experiment Of History: How Geography Molded Societies On Polynesian Islands -- Collision At Cajamarca: Why The Inca Emperor Atahuallpa Did Not Capture King Charles I Of Spain -- The Rise And Spread Of Food Production. Farmer Power: The Roots Of Guns, Germs, And Steel -- History's Haves And Have-nots: Geographic Differences In The Onset Of Food Production -- To Farm Or Not To Farm: Causes Of The Spread Of Food Production -- How To Make An Almond: The Unconscious Development Of Ancient Crops -- Apples Or Indians: Why Did Peoples Of Some Regions Fail To Domesticate Plants? -- Zebras, Unhappy Marriages, And The Anna Karenina Principle: Why Were Most Big Wild Mammal Species Never Domesticated? -- Spacious Skies And Tilted Axes: Why Did Food Production Spread At Different Rates On Different Continents? -- From Food To Guns, Germs, And Steel. Lethal Gift Of Livestock: The Evolution Of Germs -- Blueprints And Borrowed Letters: The Evolution Of Writing -- Necessity's Mother: The Evolution Of Technology -- From Egalitarianism To Kleptocracy: The Evolution Of Government And Religion -- Around The World In Five Chapters. Yali's People: The Histories Of Australia And New Guinea -- How China Became Chinese: The History Of East Asia -- Speedboat To Polynesia: The History Of Austronesian Expansion -- Hemispheres Colliding: The Histories Of Eurasia And The Americas Compared -- How Africa Became Black: The History Of Africa -- The Future Of Human History As A Science -- Who Are The Japanese? 2003 Afterword: Guns, Germs, And Steel Today. Jared Diamond. With A New Afterword--cover. Originally Published As Norton Paperback In 1999, Reissued 2017. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 447-474) And Index. Winner of the Pulitzer Prize • New York Times Bestseller • Over Two Million Copies Sold "One of the most significant projects embarked upon by any intellectual of our generation" (Gregg Easterbrook, New York Times), Guns, Germs, and Steel presents a groundbreaking, unified narrative of human history. Why did Eurasians conquer, displace, or decimate Native Americans, Australians, and Africans, instead of the reverse? In this "artful, informative, and delightful" (William H. McNeill, New York Review of Books) book, a classic of our time, evolutionary biologist Jared Diamond dismantles racist theories of human history by revealing the environmental factors actually responsible for its broadest patterns. The story begins 13,000 years ago, when Stone Age hunter-gatherers constituted the entire human population. Around that time, the developmental paths of human societies on different continents began to diverge greatly. Early domestication of wild plants and animals in the Fertile Crescent, China, Mesoamerica, the Andes, and other areas gave peoples of those regions a head start at a new way of life. But the localized origins of farming and herding proved to be only part of the explanation for their differing fates. The unequal rates at which food production spread from those initial centers were influenced by other features of climate and geography, including the disparate sizes, locations, and even shapes of the continents. Only societies that moved away from the hunter-gatherer stage went on to develop writing, technology, government, and organized religions as well as deadly germs and potent weapons of war. It was those societies, adventuring on sea and land, that invaded others, decimating native inhabitants through slaughter and the spread of disease. A major landmark in our understanding of human societies, Guns, Germs, and Steel chronicles the way in which the modern world, and its inequalities, came to be. Why did Eurasians conquer, displace, or decimate Native Americans, Australians, and Africans, instead of the reverse? In this groundbreaking book, evolutionary biologist Jared Diamond stunningly dismantles racially based theories of human history by revealing the environmental factors actually responsible for history's broadest patterns. Here, at last, is a world history that really is a history of all the world's peoples, a unified narrative of human life even more intriguing and important than accounts of dinosaurs and glaciers. A major advance in our understanding of human societies, Guns, Germs, and Steel chronicles the way that the modern world, and its inequalities, came to be. It is a work rich in dramatic revelations that will fascinate readers even as it challenges conventional wisdom An epic detective story that offers a gripping expose on why the world is so unequal. Professor Jared Diamond traveled the globe for over 30 years trying to answer this question. Based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning book. A suitable starting point from which to compare historical developments on the different continents is around 11,000 B.C.