Green Transportation and Low Carbon Mobility Safety : Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Green Intelligent Transportation Systems and Safety

These proceedings gather selected papers from the 12th International Conference on Green Intelligent Transportation Systems and Safety, held in Beijing, China on November 17-19, 2021. The book contains cutting-edge research on Green Intelligent Mobility Systems, with the goal of achieving "green, intelligent, and safe transportation systems" as the guiding slogan. The contributions offered here can aid in the advancement of green mobility and intelligent transportation technology by increasing interconnectivity, resource sharing, flexibility, and efficiency. Researchers and engineers in the areas of Transportation Technology and Traffic Engineering, Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Industrial and System Engineering, and Electrical Engineering will all benefit from the book's scope. Contents A Scheduling Plan Model for Metro Crew Incorporating Fatigue and Biological Rhythms 1 Introduction 2 Characteristic Analysis of Metro Crew Scheduling 2.1 General Metro Crew Scheduling Problem 2.2 The Crew Scheduling Problem 2.3 The Crew Rostering Problem 3 Impact Factors of Metro Crew Scheduling 3.1 Complex Time Constraints 3.2 Objective 3.3 Biological Rhythms and Fatigue 4 Method 4.1 Fatigue Evaluation Model 4.2 Metro Crew Scheduling Plan Model 4.3 Model Solution 5 Verification 5.1 Instances 5.2 Results 6 Discussion 7 Conclusions References Evaluation of Park and Ride Effect Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process 1 The Introduction 2 Establish the Evaluation Index System for the Effect of Park-and-Ride 3 An Evaluation Model for the Effect of Park-and-Ride Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process is Established 3.1 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Determines the Weight of Indicators 3.2 Construction of Judgment Matrix 3.3 Hierarchical Single Sort 3.4 Consistency Check 3.5 Fuzzy Evaluation of Park-and-Ride Effect 4 Case Application 4.1 Determine the Weight of Each Index 4.2 Effect Rating Evaluation 4.3 Evaluation Results 5 Conclusion References Exploiting Multi-Dec Net for Detecting Traffic Congestion in the Surveillance System 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Build Dense Blocks 3.2 Construction of Multi-Dec Net 1/2 4 Experiments Methods 4.1 Traffic Congestion Dataset 4.2 Transfer Learning and Fine-Tuning 4.3 Evaluation Criteria 4.4 Result 4.5 Application 5 Conclusion References Signal Control Method for Modern Roundabouts with Waiting Areas to Meet High Traffic Demands 1 Introduction 2 Notations 3 Methodology 3.1 Traffic Organization at a Roundabout with a Waiting Area 3.2 Optimization Models of Signal Timing Parameters for the Roundabout with Waiting Area 3.3 Delay Analysis 3.4 Solution Algorithms 4 Numerical Experiments 4.1 Basic Conditions of the Simulation Intersection 4.2 Simulation Process 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Results Analysis 5.2 Sensitivity Analysis 6 Conclusions References Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction on a Freeway with Multiple Spatial Toll Data Via Temporal Convolutional Network 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Acquisition of Traffic Flow Data 2.2 TCN Model for Traffic Flow Prediction 2.3 Evaluation Index 3 Experiments 3.1 Data Description 3.2 Identification of Design Factors 3.3 Experimental Results and Analysis 4 Conclusions References Fast Path Planning for Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Multiple Constraints 1 Introduction 2 Fast Path Planning Model for UAV 2.1 Problem Description and Related Hypotheses 2.2 Modeling of UAV Path Planning 3 Fast Path Planning Algorithm for UAV 3.1 Principle of Traditional A* Algorithm 3.2 Improved A* Algorithm Design 3.3 Algorithm Flow 4 Simulation Verification of UAV Path Planning 4.1 Parameter Setting of Simulation Experiment 4.2 Analysis of Simulation Results 5 Conclusion References Urban Rail Transit and Economic Agglomeration: A Case Study in China 1 Introduction 2 Data Collection 3 Modeling Study 4 Marginal Effect Analysis 5 Conclusions References Research on Intersection Signal Control Based on WIFI Probe Vehicle Detection 1 Research Purpose and Significance 2 Brief Account of WIFI Probe Positioning Technology 2.1 Definition of WIFI Probe Technology 2.2 Principle of WIFI Probe Positioning Technology 2.3 Research Status at Home and Abroad 3 Design Scheme of Intersection Vehicle Detection Based on WIFI Probe 3.1 Position and Detection Range of Probe 3.2 Data Filtering and Processing Methods 3.3 Research on Delay Time 3.4 Analysis of Intersection Capacity 3.5 Scheme Analysis 4 Conclusion References Traffic Lights Recognition Based on Position Feature 1 Introduction 2 Image Preprocessing 2.1 Extraction of ROI 2.2 Image Enhancement 2.3 Grayscale and Binarization 2.4 Morphological Processing 3 Traffic Signal Light Board Position Determination 3.1 Contour Extraction 3.2 Connected Domain Filtering 4 Traffic Light Recognition Based on Location Features 4.1 Sample Library Design 4.2 HOG Feature Extraction 4.3 SVM Classification Algorithm 4.4 Traffic Signal Color Recognition 5 Conclusions References Route Planning and Charging Navigation Strategy for Electric Vehicles Under the Mutual Assistance Trip System 1 Introduction 2 Mutual Assistance Trip System 3 EV Charging Navigation and Route Selection Optimization Model 3.1 Objective Function 3.2 Restrictions 3.3 Solving Algorithm 4 Case Study 4.1 Case Description 4.2 Analysis of Results 5 Conclusion References Modelling and Simulation of Speed Guidance of Multi-Intersection in a Connected Vehicle Environment 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview of Dynamic Speed Control 1.2 Overview of Dynamic Speed Guidance 1.3 Overview of Using Connected Vehicle to Design Traffic Control Strategy 1.4 Overview of Speed Guidance in Multi-Intersection 2 Cooperative Speed Guidance Algorithm of Multi-Intersection 2.1 Principle of Cooperative Speed Guidance of Multi-Intersection 2.2 Notations 2.3 Cooperative Speed Guidance Algorithm of Multi-Intersection 3 Simulation Scenario 4 Simulation Result 4.1 Strategies of Cooperative Speed Guidance and Isolated Speed Guidance 4.2 Sensitivity Analysis 5 Conclusions References Pattern Mining and Predictive Inference on Short-Term Weather and Collision Time Series Data 1 Introduction 2 Sample Data 3 Data Mining Approaches Selected to Analyze SCTS and Relevant Data 4 Descriptive Statistics with Data Mining Methods 4.1 Data Mining on Single Variable SCTS Data 4.2 Data Mining on Variable Pairs and Correlation Analysis 4.3 Data Mining on Multiple Variables 4.4 Limitation of Descriptive Statistics 5 Inferential Analysis with Decision Tree 5.1 Concept of Decision Tree 5.2 Selection of Attributes as Inputs of the Decision Tree 5.3 Results of Decision Tree Analysis 6 Conclusion References The Residual Stress Modeling and Assessment Based on Fine Drilling 1 Introduction 2 Analytical Modeling of Residual Stress 2.1 Loading of Stress 2.2 The Stress Release 3 Credibility Evaluation of the Model 3.1 The Experiment of Machining Stress 3.2 Credibility Assessment 4 Conclusions References Research on Dynamic Equation Construction Method with Clearance 1 Introduction 2 Construction of Clearance Dynamics Model 3 Conclusion Bibliography A Comprehensive Evaluation Approach for Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperation System Using AHP and Entropy Method 1 Introduction 2 Framework of VICS Evaluation Indicator System 2.1 Environmental Perception and Positioning Accuracy 2.2 Communication and Transmission Capability 2.3 Application Scenario 2.4 Decision-Making and Control Effect 2.5 System Adaptability 2.6 Rating Values of Evaluation Indicators 3 Comprehensive Evaluation Approach for VICS 3.1 AHP 3.2 Entropy Method 3.3 Comprehensive Calculation of Coefficient Weight 4 Case Study 4.1 Establishment of VICS 4.2 Experimental Test 4.3 Evaluation and Analysis 5 Conclusions References An Agent-Based Cellular Automata Model for Urban Road Traffic Flow Considering Connected and Automated Vehicles 1 Introduction 2 Microscopic Traffic Modelling Framework 2.1 Intersection Control 2.2 Analysis of Vehicles Type 2.3 Car-Following Model 2.4 Lane-Changing Model 3 Simulation 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Analysis of Traffic Fundamental Diagram 4.2 Traffic Analysis Under Constant Traffic Volume 5 Conclusions References Research on the Top-Level Design of Provincial Smart Service Areas Based on the Enterprise Architecture Approach 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 3 Business Architecture Design 4 Application Architecture Design 5 Data Architecture Design 6 Technical Architecture Design 7 Conclusion References Research on Investment Benefits Valuation Methods for Information Construction of Integrated Passenger Transportation Hubs 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Comprehensive Evaluation Index System 3.1 Determine Evaluation Indicators 3.2 Key Indicators Calculation 4 Building the Model 4.1 DEA Model 4.2 Model Adaptability Analysis 4.3 Information Investment Benefit Evaluation Model 5 Conclusion References Learning Individual Travel Pattern by Using Large-Scale Mobile Location Data with Deep Learning 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Extraction of Origin and Destination 2.2 Analysis of Individual Travel Pattern 3 Experiments and Results 3.1 Extraction of Origin and Destination 3.2 Analysis of Individual Travel Pattern 4 Conclusion References Short-Term Traffic Flow Forecast Based on ARIMA-SVM Combined Model 1 Introduction 2 Modle Approach 2.1 ARIMA Model 2.2 SVM Model 2.3 Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction Model 3 Case Study 3.1 Data Sources 3.2 ARIMA Model Prediction Results 3.3 SVM Model Prediction Results 3.4 ARIMA-SVM Combined Forecasting Model Forecast Results 3.5 Error Analysis 4 Conclusion References A Lightweight Fine-Grained VRU Detection Model for Roadside Units 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Design of Evacuation Plan for Shenyang Metro Line 9 Based on Game Passenger Flow Distribution 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of Evacuation Plan 2.1 Determine Impedance 2.2 Multi-Passageway Game Passenger Flow Distribution Model 2.3 Design Ideas of Subway Evacuation Scheme 2.4 Evaluation System 3 Design of Evacuation Plan for Olympic Sports Center Station of Line 9 3.1 Overview of Olympic Sports Center Station 3.2 Passenger Flow Distribution Plan Design 3.3 Station Emergency Response Plan 4 Anylogic Simulation and Evaluation 4.1 Simulation Environment Construction 4.2 Evaluation of Evacuation Plan for Olympic Sports Center Station 5 Summary References Drivers’ Visual Characteristics of Urban Expressway Based on Eye Tracker 1 Introduction 2 Test Plan Selection 2.1 Test Section Selection 2.2 Test Equipment and Personnel Selection 2.3 Congestion Status Judgment 2.4 Determination of Test Procedure 3 Analysis of Gaze Characteristics 3.1 Analysis of Eye Movement Hot Spots 3.2 Analysis of Gaze Time Characteristics 3.3 Analysis of Gaze Duration Characteristics 4 Analysis of Saccade Characteristics 4.1 Analysis of Saccade Amplitude Characteristics 4.2 Analysis of Saccade Duration Characteristics 5 Analysis of Pupil Characteristics 6 Conclusions References Hilbert-Huang Transform in Pavement Texture and Skid-Resistance Study 1 Introduction 2 Hilbert-Huang Transform Principle 3 Data Collection 4 Data Processing and Analysis 5 Conclusions References D-S Evidence Reasoning Based Transportation Project Investment Decision Model and Its Application 1 Introduction 2 D-S Evidence Reasoning Theory [4] 3 The Establishment of Investment Decision Model 3.1 The Establishment of the Index Systems 3.2 Extraction of DOI Indexes 3.3 Mathematical Model of Establishing the Functions of Basic Probability Distributions 3.4 Constraint Conditions 4 Case Study 5 Conclusion References Optimization of Brake Judder Based on Dynamic Model of Disc-Pads Spring Contact 1 Introduction 2 Disc-Pads Surface Contact Dynamic Model of Disc Brake 2.1 Premises of Model Construction 2.2 Dynamic Model of Brake 2.3 Input of Model 2.4 Verification of Model 3 Optimization of Brake Judder 3.1 The Key Influencing Parameters of Brake Judder 3.2 Improved Design of Caliper Structure 3.3 Improved Design of Brake Pad Backplate 4 Verification of Improved Design 4.1 Simulation Analysis of the Improved Barking System 5 Conclusion Appendix A References Optimal Study of Bus Priority Signal Control Based on Service Reliability 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Bus Priority Process 2.2 Calculation the Time Effect of Passenger After Bus Priority 3 Case Study 3.1 Instance Base Data 3.2 Analysis Bus Priority Control 4 Conclusion References Electric Vehicle Charging Demand Forecast Based on Residents’ Travel Data 1 Introduction 2 Electric Vehicle Charging Demand Forecast Base on Monte Carlo 3 Simulation Analysis 4 Conclusion References Traffic Flow Prediction Based on GM-RBF 1 Introduction 2 GM-RBF Neural Network Prediction Model 2.1 Grey Model 2.2 RBF Neural Network 2.3 GM-RBF Model 2.4 Definition of Parameters 3 The Example Analysis 4 Conclusions References Quantitative Analysis of Characteristics and Influencing Factors’ Correlation of Electric Bicycle Traffic Accidents 1 Introduction 2 Data Description 2.1 Data Acquisition 2.2 Data Processing 3 Characteristics of Electric Bicycle Traffic Accidents 3.1 Characteristics of the Driver 3.2 Spatial Characteristics 3.3 Time Characteristics 3.4 Characteristics of Accident Types 3.5 Cause Characteristics 4 Correlation Analysis of Influencing Factors 4.1 Multinomial Logit Models 4.2 Model Standardization and Testing 4.3 Correlation Analysis of Main Influencing Factors 5 Conclusion References Study on the Operation Scheme of Standby Trains with Large Tidal Passenger Flow Under Full-Length and Short-Turn Mode 1 Introduction 2 Problem Description 3 Timing Selection of Tidal Large Passenger Flow Stations and Standby Vehicles 3.1 Identification of Large Passenger Flow 3.2 Optimization Model of the Standby Vehicle Launch Scheme 3.3 Algorithm Flow 3.4 Definition of Parameters 4 Case Study 4.1 Overview of Line Operation Mode 4.2 Data Acquisition 4.3 Result Analysis 5 Conclusion References Classification of Driving Tendency of Commercial Truck Drivers Based on AdaBoost Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Study on Influencing Indicators of Driving Behavior 2.1 Selection Principle 2.2 Index Selection 3 Driver Propensity Clustering Based on Factor Analysis 3.1 Index Selection 3.2 Factor Analysis 3.3 K-means Cluster Analysis 4 Driver Tendency Classification Based on Adabootst 4.1 Index Selection and Test 4.2 K-means Clustering Algorithm 4.3 Adaboost Algorithm 5 Conclusion References An Evaluation of the Effect of Urban Tunnel Lighting on Driving Comfort: A Driving Simulation Study 1 Tunnel Lighting System Modeling 1.1 Tunnel Introduction and Variable Setting of Lighting System 1.2 Tunnel Lighting System Model 2 Driving Simulation of Tunnel Lighting Based on the Driving Simulator 2.1 Experimental Equipment and Personnel 2.2 Driving Simulation Experiment and Data Acquisition 3 Simulation Result Analysis 3.1 Data Pre-Processing 3.2 The Influence of Lighting Brightness on Driving Safety and Comfort 4 Conclusions References The Influence of Speed Limit Value of High-Grade Highway in High Altitude Area on Running Speed and Traffic Safety 1 Introduction 2 Related Research 3 Overview of the Investigated Highways 4 Data Collection 4.1 Collection of Traffic Accident Data 4.2 Running Speed 5 Safety Impact Analysis of Speed Limit Value 5.1 Analysis of the Relationship Between Speed Limit and Running Speed 5.2 Analysis of the Relationship Between Speed Limit and Traffic Accidents 6 Conclusion References Research on Interference-Free Monitoring of Driver's Steering Behavior 1 Fabrication and Testing of AK-TENG 1.1 Fabrication of AK-TENG 1.2 The Working Principle and Output Characteristics of AK-TENG 2 Installation Layout and Data Acquisition of AK-TENG 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Freeway Design Consistency Evaluation Model Based on Alignment and Traffic Characteristics 1 Introduction 2 Design Consistency Evaluation Model 2.1 Operating Speed Prediction for Horizontal Alignment 2.2 Operating Speed Prediction for Profile Alignment 2.3 Operating Speed Prediction After Horizontal-Profile Combination 3 Design Consistency Evaluation 4 Case Analysis 5 Conclusion References Driving Risk Identification Considering Coupling Coordination Degree of Primary and Secondary Tasks 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Data Acquisition and Processing 2.1 Experimental Participants 2.2 Experimental Equipment 2.3 The Experimental Method 2.4 Parameter Selection 2.5 Data Processing and Analysis 3 The Coupling Model of Primary and Secondary Task 3.1 Coupling Degree Model of Primary and Secondary Tasks 3.2 The Coupling Coordination Degree of Primary and Secondary Tasks 3.3 Ratio of Secondary Tasks Under Different Coordination Levels 4 Coupling Effect and Risk Identification 4.1 Calculation of Coupling Degree and Coupling Coordination Degree of Primary and Secondary Tasks 4.2 Risk Identification of Coupling Effect of Primary and Secondary Tasks 5 Conclusion References Passenger Flow Organization Optimization of Xiamafang Station Based on AnyLogic 1 Introduction 2 Model Selection 3 Case analysis 4 Conclusion References A New Car Following Model Considering the Multi-headway Variation Forecast Effect 1 Introduction 2 Models 3 Linear Stability Analysis 4 Nonlinear Analysis and mKdV Equation 5 Numerical Simulation 6 Summary References Optimum Design of Urban Road Intersection Signal Timing Based on VISSIM Simulation 1 Introduction 2 Intersection Status Survey 3 Road Intersection Improvement Plan 4 Intersection Optimization Simulation 5 In Conclusion References Speech-Based Driver Emotion Recognition 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Work 2.1 Data Collection 2.2 Data Pre-processing 2.3 Gender Recognition 2.4 MFCCs Features Extraction 3 Result 4 Emotion Recognition Application 5 Conclusion References Research on OD Estimation of Public Transit Passenger Flow Based on Multi-source Data 1 Introduction 2 Multi-source data analysis 3 Data Association and Fusion Method 4 Case Study 5 Conclusion References Research on Metro Vehicles Allocation Based on Capacity and Maintenance Model 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of the Factors Influencing Metro Vehicle Allocation 2.1 Signal System 2.2 Passenger Flow Conditions 2.3 Maintenance Mode 2.4 Passenger Flow Organization 2.5 Passenger Flow Development 3 The Establishment of Vehicle Allocation Model 3.1 Model Based on Capacity Demand 3.2 Model Based on Vehicle Maintenance 3.3 Overall Metro Vehicle Allocation Model 4 Analysis of Metro Vehicle Distribution Cost 5 Case Analysis 5.1 Train Organization Scheme 5.2 Research on the Number of Metro Vehicle Allocation 6 Conclusions References Research on Traffic Flow Model Based on Lattice Hydrodynamics 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 4 Linear Stability Analysis 5 Numerical Simulation 6 Conclusions References Regionally Differentiated Real-Time Energy Consumption Prediction of Electric Vehicles Oriented to Travel Characteristics 1 Introduction 2 Data Introduction and Processing 2.1 Data Introduction 2.2 Data Processing 3 Analysis of Influencing Factors of Electric Vehicle Energy Consumption 3.1 The Influence of Travel Characteristics on the Energy Consumption of Electric Vehicles 3.2 The Impact of Regional Differences on the Energy Consumption of Electric Vehicles 4 Real-Time Prediction Model of Electric Vehicle Energy Consumption Based on BP Neural Network 4.1 Construction of Energy Consumption Model of BP Neural Network 4.2 Energy Consumption Model Tuning and Prediction 5 Construction and Prediction of Multi-Region Energy Consumption Model 5.1 Construction of Multi-Region Energy Consumption Model 5.2 Comparison of Prediction Effects of Different Energy Consumption Models 6 Conclusions References Road Traffic Accident Prediction Based on BP Neural Network 1 Introduction 2 Research Ideas 3 Influencing Factors of Traffic Accidents and Selection of Evaluation Indicators 3.1 Selection of Influencing Factors of Traffic Accidents 3.2 The Selection of Traffic Accident Evaluation 3.3 Selection of Influencing Factors of Traffic Accidents 4 Establishment of Traffic Accident Prediction Model 4.1 Predictive Model Structure 4.2 Number of Hidden Layer Nodes 4.3 Normalization of Training Samples 5 Traffic Accident Prediction Model Test 6 Conclusion References Autonomous Vehicle Path Planning Based on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm 1 The Introduction 2 Raster Environment Modeling 3 Improvement of Ant Colony Algorithm 3.1 Adaptive Initial Pheromone Distribution 3.2 Improvement of Heuristic Function 3.3 Deadlocks and Self-Locks 3.4 Pheromone Update Rules 3.5 Improvement of Ant Colony Algorithm Flow 4 Experimental Simulation and Analysis 5 Conclusion References Optimized Component Learners Diversity of Traffic State Forecasting Model with Multimode Perturbation 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Traffic Flow Forecasting 2.2 Data Source 3 Empirical Study 3.1 Forecasting Performances Comparison 3.2 Error Distribution 3.3 Efficiency Comparisons 4 Conclusions References Snow Depth Inversion and Analysis of Temporal-Spatial Snow Distribution Along Tianshan Highway Based on MODIS Data 1 Survey of the Study Area 2 Introduction to MODIS 3 Study on Inversion of Snow Depth 3.1 Principle of Snow Depth Inversion 3.2 Inversion of Snow Depth from MODIS Data 4 Snow Coverage Extraction 4.1 Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Snow Cover 5 Conclusion References Study on Echo Model of Saturated Traffic Flow in Subsea Tunnel 1 Introduction 2 Reviews 3 Main Characters of the Subsea Tunnel 4 Echo Model of Saturated Traffic Flow in Subsea Tunnel 5 Conclusions References Prediction for Taxi-Hailing Demand—An Adaptive Multi-view Deep Learning Model 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Feature View 2.2 Semantic View 2.3 Spatial View and Temporal View 2.4 Prediction Part 3 Results 4 Conclusions and Discussion References Recognition and Comparison of Driving Styles of Heavy-Duty Truck Drivers Under Different Scenarios 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Measurements 2.2 Clustering and Classification 3 Data Collection 3.1 Apparatus 3.2 Participants 3.3 Experimental Procedure 4 Results 4.1 Data Pre-Processing and Analysis 4.2 Classification Results and Comparison 5 Conclusions References Author Index