Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales, 1300-1500, Volume III: Southern England

This is the third volume of Anthony Emery's magisterial survey, Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales, 1300–1500, first published in 2006. Across the three volumes Emery has examined afresh and re-assessed over 750 houses, the first comprehensive review of the subject for 150 years. Covered are the full range of leading homes, from royal and episcopal palaces to manor houses, as well as community buildings such as academic colleges, monastic granges and secular colleges of canons. This volume surveys Southern England and is divided into three regions, each of which includes a separate historical and architectural introduction as well as thematic essays prompted by key buildings. The text is complemented throughout by a wide range of plans and diagrams and a wealth of photographs showing the present condition of almost every house discussed. This is an essential source for anyone interested in the history, architecture and culture of medieval England and Wales. SERIES-TITLE......Page 3 HALF-TITLE......Page 5 TITLE......Page 7 COPYRIGHT......Page 8 DEDICATION......Page 9 CONTENTS......Page 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 14 ABBREVIATIONS......Page 16 INTRODUCTION......Page 19 Notes......Page 22 Part I THE THAMES VALLEY......Page 23 Gloucestershire......Page 25 Oxfordshire......Page 28 Berkshire and buckinghamshire......Page 30 Notes......Page 31 Castles......Page 33 Palace-fortresses......Page 34 Royal houses......Page 35 Stone......Page 36 Timber......Page 37 Ecclesiastical houses......Page 39 Collegiate foundations......Page 40 Notes......Page 42 Greater households......Page 45 Chamber expansion......Page 49 The development of lodgings......Page 51 Notes......Page 56 4 THE THAMES VALLEY: BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 58 ABINGDON ABBEY, Berkshire and monastic granges......Page 61 Granges in the vale of whitehorse......Page 62 Monastic granges in england and wales......Page 64 Notes......Page 65 ACTON COURT, Gloucestershire......Page 66 ASHBURY MANOR, Berkshire......Page 68 ASHLEWORTH COURT, Gloucestershire......Page 71 BAMPTON CASTLE, Oxfordshire......Page 73 Notes......Page 75 BERKELEY CASTLE, Gloucestershire and the house of Berkeley......Page 76 Development assessment......Page 80 The berkeley family......Page 81 Notes......Page 83 BEVERSTON CASTLE, Gloucestershire......Page 85 BOARSTALL TOWER, Oxfordshire......Page 88 BROADWAY, ABBOT’S GRANGE, Worcestershire......Page 89 BROUGHTON CASTLE, Oxfordshire......Page 90 House development, c.1250–1330......Page 91 Building responsibility, c.1250–1330......Page 94 House development, c.1375–1600......Page 95 Notes......Page 97 BUCKLAND OLD RECTORY, Gloucestershire......Page 98 CHENIES MANOR HOUSE, Buckinghamshire......Page 99 CRESLOW MANOR HOUSE, Buckinghamshire......Page 100 DONNINGTON CASTLE, Berkshire......Page 101 DORNEY COURT, Buckinghamshire, and local framed houses......Page 103 EAST HENDRED, HENDRED HOUSE, Berkshire......Page 105 Concept and development......Page 106 Building history......Page 107 School yard......Page 108 Cloister court......Page 110 Notes......Page 111 EWELME MANOR, Oxfordshire......Page 112 FORTHAMPTON COURT, Gloucestershire......Page 115 FYFIELD MANOR, Berkshire......Page 117 Notes......Page 118 GLOUCESTER ABBEY and regional abbatial lodgings......Page 119 Notes......Page 121 GREYS COURT, Oxfordshire......Page 122 Notes......Page 124 HARWELL, BAYLIOL’S MANOR, Berkshire......Page 125 ICOMB PLACE, Gloucestershire......Page 126 KINGSWOOD ABBEY and Gloucestershire gatehouses......Page 128 LECKHAMPTON COURT, Gloucestershire......Page 129 LEWKNOR CHURCH FARM, Oxfordshire......Page 131 LITTLE SODBURY MANOR, Gloucestershire......Page 133 MINSTER LOVELL HALL, Oxfordshire......Page 135 NOTLEY ABBEY, Buckinghamshire......Page 139 Development......Page 142 Forecourt......Page 143 House......Page 145 Overview......Page 146 Notes......Page 147 OLVESTON COURT and Gloucestershire forti.ed houses......Page 148 Notes......Page 150 OXFORD, MERTON COLLEGE and the early development of the University......Page 151 OXFORD, NEW COLLEGE and the fourteenth-century foundations......Page 155 Wykeham’s buildings......Page 156 Assessment......Page 161 Notes......Page 162 All souls......Page 163 Magdalen college......Page 165 Other colleges......Page 167 Notes......Page 168 OXFORD, WORCESTER COLLEGE and monastic academic foundations......Page 169 Notes......Page 170 SHIRBURN CASTLE, Oxfordshire......Page 171 Notes......Page 174 SONNING PALACE, Berkshire......Page 175 Notes......Page 176 STANTON HARCOURT MANOR, Oxfordshire......Page 177 Notes......Page 180 STANTON ST JOHN MANOR, Oxfordshire......Page 181 Fourteenth century......Page 183 Fifteenth century......Page 184 Eighteenth and nineteenth centuries......Page 185 The stonor papers......Page 186 Notes......Page 187 SUDELEY CASTLE, Gloucestershire......Page 188 The independent units......Page 189 Inner court......Page 190 Dating and design......Page 192 Notes......Page 193 SUTTON COURTENAY ‘ABBEY’, Berkshire......Page 194 SWALCLIFFE MANOR HOUSE, Oxfordshire......Page 196 THAME PARK, Oxfordshire......Page 198 The buildings......Page 201 Gardens and park......Page 202 Architectural significance......Page 204 Notes......Page 206 UPTON COURT, Buckinghamshire......Page 207 WANSWELL COURT, Gloucestershire......Page 209 Sources......Page 210 Early development......Page 211 Round Tower......Page 212 Royal apartments......Page 213 Ground Floor......Page 214 First floor......Page 216 Lodging ranges......Page 219 Design vocabulary......Page 220 Construction and funding limitations......Page 221 Planning and function......Page 222 Edward iii’s legacy......Page 223 Notes......Page 224 YELFORD MANOR, Oxfordshire......Page 226 Notes......Page 227 APPENDIX 1: THE THAMES VALLEY CASTLES: RESIDENTIAL ADDITIONS......Page 228 APPENDIX 2: THE THAMES VALLEY: RESIDENTIAL LICENCES TO CRENELLATE......Page 229 Part II LONDON AND SOUTH-EAST ENGLAND......Page 231 6 LONDON: AN INTRODUCTION......Page 233 Notes......Page 236 7 LONDON: BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 237 BARNARD INN and London corporate institutions......Page 239 CROSBY PLACE and London merchants’ houses......Page 241 Crosby place......Page 242 Notes......Page 243 Inner court......Page 244 Great hall......Page 246 ELY PLACE and London episcopal residences......Page 248 Notes......Page 252 LAMBETH PALACE, London......Page 253 Notes......Page 255 LOW HALL MANOR and lesser houses of London’s hinterland......Page 256 Notes......Page 257 THE SAVOY and London magnate residences......Page 258 Notes......Page 260 SHEEN and the residences of the English monarchy near London......Page 261 The tower of london......Page 262 Kennington palace......Page 263 Sheen palace......Page 264 Notes......Page 266 WESTMINSTER ABBEY ABBOT’S HOUSE and London monasteries......Page 267 WESTMINSTER PALACE, London......Page 270 Great hall......Page 271 St stephen’s chapel......Page 273 The royal apartments......Page 275 The jewel tower......Page 276 Notes......Page 277 Church and coast......Page 278 Hampshire......Page 281 Notes......Page 283 Episcopal residences......Page 285 Royal residences......Page 286 Gentry houses......Page 287 Notes......Page 289 Introduction......Page 292 Military careers and professionalism......Page 294 The gains of war......Page 296 The houses of war......Page 298 The architectural influence of the war......Page 300 The defence of southern england......Page 301 Impoverishment and bankruptcy......Page 305 Notes......Page 307 Kent......Page 312 Sussex......Page 313 Hampshire......Page 314 AMBERLEY CASTLE, Sussex......Page 315 Outer court......Page 316 Great hall and services......Page 317 ARUNDEL CASTLE, Sussex and the FitzAlan family......Page 318 The fitzalan family......Page 320 Notes......Page 321 BATTEL HALL, Kent......Page 322 Notes......Page 323 BATTLE ABBEY, Sussex......Page 324 Notes......Page 325 BEAULIEU ABBEY and monastic gatehouses in south-east England......Page 326 Notes......Page 327 BENTWORTH, HALL FARM, Hampshire......Page 328 BETCHWORTH CASTLE, Surrey......Page 329 BISHOP’S WALTHAM PALACE, Hampshire......Page 330 BODIAM CASTLE, Sussex......Page 335 Notes......Page 336 BREDE PLACE, Sussex and HORNE’S PLACE, Kent......Page 337 CANTERBURY PALACE and the residences of the archbishops of Canterbury......Page 338 Notes......Page 341 CHARING PALACE, Kent......Page 342 Notes......Page 344 Notes......Page 345 CROWHURST PLACE andOLD SURREY HALL, Surrey......Page 346 CROYDON PALACE, Surrey......Page 347 Notes......Page 350 EAST MEON COURT HOUSE, Hampshire......Page 351 ESHER PALACE, Surrey......Page 354 FARNHAM CASTLE, Surrey......Page 355 FORD PALACE and DAUNDELYON COURT, Kent......Page 357 GREAT DIXTER, Sussex......Page 358 HALNAKER HOUSE, Sussex......Page 359 The fiennes family......Page 361 Architectural history......Page 362 Building materials......Page 363 Original interior design......Page 364 The cloistered courts......Page 365 Great hall......Page 368 Family apartments......Page 369 Its defensive character......Page 370 Influences......Page 371 Notes......Page 372 HEVER CASTLE, Kent......Page 373 Notes......Page 374 IGHTHAM MOTE, Kent......Page 375 The solar blocks......Page 376 The chapel block......Page 377 Entrance range......Page 378 North range......Page 379 Phases 3–6: post-medieval......Page 380 Notes......Page 381 KNOLE, Kent......Page 382 Water court......Page 384 Notes......Page 386 Notes......Page 387 Archbishop’s palace......Page 388 College of priests......Page 390 MAYFIELD PALACE, Sussex......Page 391 Notes......Page 393 NETTLESTEAD PLACE, Kent......Page 394 NURSTEAD COURT, Kent......Page 396 Notes......Page 398 OLD SOAR MANOR, Kent......Page 399 OLD WOKING MANOR AND OATLANDS, Surrey......Page 401 ORPINGTON ‘PRIORY’ and the houses of Christ Church, Canterbury......Page 402 Sir john pulteney, 1338–49......Page 404 John, duke of bedford, 1429–35......Page 409 Later fifteenth-century additions......Page 410 Notes......Page 411 PORTCHESTER CASTLE, Hampshire......Page 412 Notes......Page 414 RYMANS, Sussex......Page 415 SALMESTONE GRANGE, Kent......Page 416 Notes......Page 417 SALTWOOD CASTLE, Kent......Page 418 SCOTNEY CASTLE, Kent......Page 422 SOUTH CHARFORD MANOR, Hampshire......Page 424 SOUTHFLEET RECTORY, Kent......Page 425 STARKEY ‘CASTLE’, Kent......Page 426 The cobham family......Page 428 Notes......Page 429 SWANBOROUGH MANOR, Sussex......Page 430 TONFORD MANOR, Kent......Page 431 WESTENHANGER CASTLE, Kent......Page 432 Notes......Page 433 WICKHAM COURT, Kent......Page 434 WILMINGTON PRIORY, Sussex......Page 435 Outer court......Page 436 Chamber court......Page 439 Assessment......Page 441 Notes......Page 442 WINCHESTER, HOSPITAL OF ST CROSS, Hampshire......Page 443 WINCHESTER, THE DEANERY and the residences of St Swithun’s Cathedral Priory......Page 446 Notes......Page 447 WOLVESEY, HIGHCLERE, and the residences of the bishops of Winchester......Page 448 WONSTON OLD HOUSE, Hampshire......Page 452 WYE COLLEGE, Kent......Page 454 Notes......Page 455 APPENDIX 3: LONDON AND SOUTH-EAST ENGLAND CASTLES: RESIDENTIAL ADDITIONS......Page 456 APPENDIX 4: LONDON AND SOUTH-EAST ENGLAND: RESIDENTIAL LICENCES TO CRENELLATE......Page 457 Part III SOUTH-WEST ENGLAND......Page 459 Dorset and wiltshire......Page 461 Somerset......Page 463 Devon and cornwall......Page 465 Notes......Page 468 Defendable houses......Page 470 Devon......Page 475 Wiltshire and Somerset......Page 477 Dorset......Page 478 Monastic foundations......Page 480 Notes......Page 483 Cultural changes during the later middle ages......Page 486 Secular art and furnishings......Page 489 Stained glass......Page 491 Tiles......Page 492 Wall decoration......Page 493 Furniture......Page 494 Plate......Page 495 Textiles......Page 496 Gardens......Page 497 A richly diverse resource......Page 498 Notes......Page 499 Dorset......Page 501 Devon......Page 502 Cornwall......Page 503 AFFETON CASTLE, Devon......Page 504 ATHELHAMPTON HALL, Dorset......Page 505 Notes......Page 507 BERRY POMEROY CASTLE, Devon......Page 508 BEWLEY COURT and three Wiltshire manor houses......Page 510 BLACKMOOR MANOR, Somerset......Page 513 Notes......Page 514 BOWHILL, Devon......Page 515 BRADLEY MANOR, Devon......Page 517 Notes......Page 519 BRYMPTON D’EVERCY, Somerset......Page 521 Notes......Page 523 BUCKFAST ABBEY GUEST HOUSE, Devon......Page 524 Notes......Page 525 CADHAY and a local carpentry school in Devon......Page 526 CERNE ABBEY, Dorset......Page 527 The lodgings......Page 528 Dining hall......Page 529 Abbot’s lodgings......Page 530 Notes......Page 531 CLEVEDON COURT, Somerset......Page 532 COKER COURT, Somerset......Page 534 COMPTON CASTLE, Devon......Page 537 COTEHELE, Cornwall......Page 540 Hall court......Page 542 Building sequence......Page 543 Notes......Page 546 COTHAY MANOR, Somerset......Page 547 Assessment......Page 550 CROSCOMBE HALL, Somerset......Page 551 Description......Page 552 John holand, earl of huntingdon......Page 556 A non-defensive site......Page 558 The lodgings......Page 559 The great hall roof......Page 561 The second court......Page 562 Notes......Page 565 EXETER, BISHOP’S PALACE and episcopal houses in Devon......Page 567 EXETER PRIORY and monastic lodgings in Devon......Page 569 FARLEIGH HUNGERFORD CASTLE, Somerset......Page 571 FIDDLEFORD MANOR, Dorset......Page 575 Notes......Page 577 FORDE ABBEY, Dorset......Page 578 Assessment......Page 582 GIDLEIGH MANOR, Devon......Page 583 Notes......Page 584 GOTHELNEY HALL, Somerset......Page 585 Documentation......Page 587 Tropnell’s house......Page 588 Construction, scale, and contemporary development......Page 591 GURNEY MANOR, Somerset......Page 592 South range......Page 593 Notes......Page 594 HOLDITCH COURT, Dorset and WEYCROFT HALL, Devon......Page 595 KINGSTON SEYMOUR MANOR HOUSE, Somerset......Page 596 KNIGHTSTONE, Devon......Page 598 LEIGH BARTON, Devon......Page 599 Notes......Page 601 LITTLEHEMPSTON MANOR, Devon......Page 602 LUSTLEIGH OLD HALL, Devon......Page 604 LYTES CARY, Somerset......Page 605 MARTOCK, TREASURER’S HOUSE, Somerset......Page 607 Notes......Page 608 MEARE MANOR FARM, Somerset and the houses of the abbots of Glastonbury......Page 609 Notes......Page 611 MILTON ABBEY, Dorset......Page 612 Notes......Page 613 MUCHELNEY ABBEY, Somerset......Page 614 NAISH ‘PRIORY’, Somerset......Page 616 NEWTON ST LOE MANOR and SUTTON COURT, Somerset......Page 618 Notes......Page 619 Notes......Page 620 Third floor......Page 622 OLD NEWNHAM, Devon......Page 625 Notes......Page 627 ORCHARD WYNDHAM, Somerset......Page 628 ORLEIGH COURT, Devon......Page 629 PENGERSICK CASTLE, Cornwall......Page 630 PENHALLAM MANOR, Cornwall......Page 632 Notes......Page 633 POWDERHAM CASTLE, Devon......Page 634 POYNTINGTON MANOR, Dorset......Page 637 PRESTON PLUCKNETT MANOR, Somerset......Page 638 PURSE CAUNDLE MANOR, Dorset......Page 640 RIALTON MANOR, Cornwall......Page 642 Notes......Page 643 Notes......Page 644 SALISBURY PALACE and the residences of the bishops of Salisbury......Page 645 Notes......Page 646 SAMPFORD PEVERELL and priests’ houses in south-west England......Page 647 SHUTE, Devon......Page 650 Notes......Page 655 Phase 1: third quarter of fifteenth century......Page 656 Phase 3: early sixteenth century......Page 659 STOKE SUB HAMDON PRIORY, Somerset......Page 660 STOURTON HOUSE, Wiltshire......Page 661 Notes......Page 662 Notes......Page 663 TICKENHAM COURT, Somerset......Page 664 TISBURY, PLACE FARM, Wiltshire......Page 667 TIVERTON CASTLE, Devon and the Courtenay family......Page 668 The courtenay family......Page 671 Notes......Page 672 TORRE ABBEY and monastic gatehouses in Devon......Page 673 TRECARRELL MANOR, Cornwall......Page 674 TRUTHALL and MEDROS MANORS, Cornwall......Page 675 WARDOUR CASTLE, Wiltshire......Page 676 Family rooms......Page 677 Service rooms......Page 678 Household rooms......Page 680 Assessment......Page 681 Notes......Page 682 WEARE GIFFARD HALL, Devon......Page 683 Notes......Page 686 Jocelin’s range......Page 687 Burnell’s hall block and chapel......Page 688 Ralph’s gatehouse and precinct walls......Page 689 Bekynton’s wing......Page 690 Notes......Page 691 Exterior......Page 692 Interior......Page 693 WEST BOWER MANOR and the gatehouses at DUNSTER CASTLE and MONTACUTE PRIORY, Somerset......Page 695 WEST CHALLACOMBE MANOR, Devon......Page 697 WEST COKER MANOR, Somerset......Page 698 Notes......Page 700 WOODLANDS MANOR, Wiltshire......Page 701 WOODSFORD ‘CASTLE’, Dorset......Page 702 First floor......Page 703 Design assessment......Page 705 Notes......Page 707 WORTHAM MANOR, Devon......Page 708 Notes......Page 710 APPENDIX 5: CASTLES OF SOUTH-WEST ENGLAND: RESIDENTIAL ADDITIONS......Page 711 APPENDIX 6: SOUTH-WEST ENGLAND: RESIDENTIAL LICENCES TO CRENELLATE......Page 713 John leland......Page 715 Samuel and nathaniel buck......Page 716 Notes......Page 717 PLATES......Page 719 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 723 FIGURES......Page 724 INDEX......Page 727 INDEX OF HOUSES DESCRIBED IN VOLUMES I, II, AND III......Page 740 This is the third volume of Anthony Emery's magisterial survey, Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales, 1300–1500. Across the three volumes Emery has examined afresh and re-assessed over 750 houses, the first comprehensive review of the subject for 150 years. Covered are the full range of leading homes, from royal and episcopal palaces to manor houses, as well as community buildings such as academic colleges, monastic granges and secular colleges of canons. This volume surveys Southern England and is divided into three regions, each of which includes a separate historical and architectural introduction as well as thematic essays prompted by key buildings. The text is complemented throughout by a wide range of plans and diagrams and a wealth of photographs showing the present condition of almost every house discussed. This is an essential source for anyone interested in the history, architecture and culture of medieval England and Wales.