Great Events From History: The 20th Century, 1941-1970 (Great Events from History)

Cover Page......Page 1 Title: Great Events from History 1941-1970......Page 4 ISBN 1587653311......Page 5 1941......Page 6 1943......Page 7 1944......Page 8 1945......Page 9 1947......Page 10 1948......Page 11 1949......Page 12 1950......Page 13 1952......Page 14 1953......Page 15 1954......Page 16 1955......Page 17 1956......Page 18 1958......Page 19 1959......Page 20 1960......Page 21 1961......Page 22 1962......Page 23 1964......Page 24 1965......Page 26 1966......Page 27 1967......Page 28 1968......Page 29 1969......Page 30 1969 (continued)......Page 31 1970......Page 32 Appendixes, Indexes......Page 33 Publisher’s Note......Page 34 Contributors......Page 37 Keyword List of Contents......Page 48 List of Maps, Tables, and Sidebars (with page links)......Page 112 Maps of the mid-Twentieth Century......Page 124 July, 1937 - September 2, 1945 World War II: Pacific Theater......Page 130 September 3, 1939 - May 7, 1945 World War II: European Theater......Page 136 1941 Bultmann Offers a Controversial Interpretation of the Christian Scriptures......Page 143 1941 New Criticism Arises in American Universities......Page 146 1941 Portable Aerosol Containers Are Introduced......Page 149 1941 Shirer Examines the Rise of Nazi Ideology in BERLIN DIARY......Page 152 1941 - August 25, 1944 French Resistance......Page 154 1941 - 1945 6.6 Million Women Enter the U.S. Labor Force......Page 157 1941 - 1945 U.S. Censorship and War Propaganda During World War II......Page 160 January, 1941 Nationalist Chinese Forces Battle Communists as Japan Advances......Page 163 January, 1941 Thai Forces Attack French Troops Near Battambang......Page 166 January 15, 1941 Messiaen’s QUARTET FOR THE END OF TIME Is Performed......Page 168 February 23, 1941 Seaborg and McMillan Make Plutonium......Page 171 March, 1941 - January, 1943 Niebuhr Extols a Theory of Christian Realism......Page 174 March 1, 1941 Bulgaria Joins the Tripartite Pact......Page 177 March 1, 1941 United States Enters the Battle of the Atlantic......Page 179 March 11, 1941 Roosevelt Signs the Lend-Lease Act......Page 183 April 6 - 30, 1941 Germany Mounts the Balkan Offensive......Page 186 May, 1941 Ho Chi Minh Organizes the Viet Minh......Page 189 May 1, 1941 Welles’s CITIZEN KANE Breaks with Traditional Filmmaking......Page 192 May 2, 1941 FCC Licenses Commercial Television......Page 196 May 2, 1941 NBC Is Ordered to Divest Itself of a Radio Network......Page 200 May 2 - June 13, 1941 Anglo-Iraqi War......Page 203 May 15, 1941 Turbojet Engine Is Used in the First Jet Plane......Page 206 May 20 - June 1, 1941 Germany Invades Crete......Page 210 May 26 - 27, 1941 Sinking of the German Battleship BISMARCK......Page 212 June 2, 1941 Yankee Baseball Great Lou Gehrig Dies......Page 214 June 22, 1941 - January 8, 1942 Germany Invades Russia......Page 217 June 25, 1941 Roosevelt Bans Discrimination in Defense-Industry Employment......Page 220 August 14, 1941 Atlantic Charter Declares a Postwar Right of Self-Determination......Page 224 August 23, 1941 Nazis Ban Nolde’s Paintings......Page 228 October, 1941 Davies Reflects on His Post to Moscow in MISSION TO MOSCOW......Page 232 October 3, 1941 THE MALTESE FALCON Establishes a New Style for Crime Films......Page 234 October 31, 1941 Mount Rushmore National Memorial Is Completed......Page 237 December 7, 1941 Bombing of Pearl Harbor......Page 240 December 7, 1941 Canada Declares War on Japan......Page 244 December 7, 1941 Japan Begins Attacks on Southeast Asia......Page 247 December 10, 1941 - May, 1942 Japan Invades the Philippines......Page 250 December 11, 1941 Germany and Italy Declare War on the United States......Page 252 December 29 - 31, 1941 Churchill Visits Canada as World War II Ally......Page 255 1942 International League for the Rights of Man Is Founded......Page 258 1942 - 1961 Italian New Wave Gains Worldwide Acclaim......Page 261 January 20, 1942 Wannsee Conference and the “Final Solution”......Page 265 January 30, 1942 Roosevelt Signs the Emergency Price Control Act......Page 269 February, 1942 Lewis Explores the Mind of Evil in THE SCREWTAPE LETTERS......Page 273 February 19, 1942 - 1945 United States Interns Japanese Americans......Page 276 February 24, 1942 Voice of America Begins Broadcasting......Page 280 February 27 - March 1, 1942 Battle of the Java Sea......Page 283 Spring, 1942 Congress of Racial Equality Forms......Page 286 April 18, 1942 Doolittle Mission Bombs Tokyo......Page 290 May 7 - 8, 1942 Battle of the Coral Sea......Page 292 May 11, 1942 Faulkner Publishes GO DOWN, MOSES......Page 294 June 3 - 5, 1942 Battle of Midway......Page 297 June 17, 1942 - July 16, 1945 United States Develops the First Nuclear Weapon......Page 300 August 4, 1942 United States Begins the Bracero Program......Page 304 August 7, 1942 - February 9, 1943 Battle of Guadalcanal......Page 308 August 9, 1942 Stein Is Killed by the Nazis......Page 312 August 19, 1942 - February 2, 1943 Battle of Stalingrad......Page 315 August 27, 1942 Legal Slavery Ends in Ethiopia......Page 318 October, 1942 Lindeman’s "The Trophic-Dynamic Aspect of Ecology" Is Published......Page 321 October 5, 1942 Oxford Committee for Famine Relief Is Founded......Page 324 October 15, 1942 - 1961 Kazan Brings Naturalism to the Stage and Screen......Page 326 October 16, 1942 Agnes de Mille Choreographs RODEO......Page 330 October 20, 1942 Peggy Guggenheim’s Gallery Promotes New American Art......Page 333 October 23 - November 3, 1942 Second Battle of El Alamein......Page 336 November 8, 1942 Invasion of North Africa......Page 339 November 26, 1942 CASABLANCA Marks the Artistic Apex of 1940’s War-Themed Films......Page 342 November 28, 1942 Fire in Boston’s Cocoanut Grove Nightclub Proves Deadly......Page 346 December 2, 1942 Fermi Creates the First Controlled Nuclear Fission Chain Reaction......Page 348 1943 Saroyan Offers a Compelling Story of Hope in THE HUMAN COMEDY......Page 352 1943 Von Weizsäcker Forms His Quantitative Theory of Planetary Formation......Page 354 1943 - 1944 Famine Decimates Bengal......Page 357 1943 - 1948 Soviets Take Control of Eastern Europe......Page 359 January 14 - 24, 1943 Casablanca Conference......Page 364 March 15, 1943 Roosevelt Creates Jackson Hole National Monument......Page 366 Spring, 1943 Cousteau and Gagnan Develop the Aqualung......Page 370 March 31, 1943 OKLAHOMA! Opens on Broadway......Page 373 April, 1943 - 1946 Eckert and Mauchly Develop the ENIAC......Page 376 April 8, 1943 - June 23, 1947 Inflation and Labor Unrest......Page 380 April 19 - May 16, 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Armed Uprising Against Nazis......Page 383 May 18 - June 3, 1943 United Nations Holds Its First Conference on Food and Agriculture......Page 386 June 3 - 9, 1943 Zoot-Suit Riots Exemplify Ethnic Tensions in Los Angeles......Page 389 June 14, 1943 Supreme Court Rules That States Cannot Compel Flag Salutes......Page 393 June 20 - 21, 1943, and August 1, 1943 Race Riots Erupt in Detroit and Harlem......Page 396 June 25, 1943 Sartre’s BEING AND NOTHINGNESS Expresses Existential Philosophy......Page 399 July 4 - 12, 1943 Tank Battle at Kursk Devastates German Forces......Page 403 July 6, 1943 Battle of Kula Gulf......Page 405 July 9 - August 17, 1943 Allied Forces Invade Sicily......Page 408 July 21, 1943 STORMY WEATHER Offers New Film Roles to African Americans......Page 411 September, 1943 Australians Elect First Women to Parliament......Page 414 September, 1943 Sinatra Establishes Himself as a Solo Performer......Page 416 September, 1943 - March, 1944 Waksman Discovers the Antibiotic Streptomycin......Page 420 September 3 - 18, 1943 Western Allies Invade Italy......Page 423 September 8, 1943 Black Wednesday Demonstrates Dangers of Smog......Page 426 September 30 - October 1, 1943 Citizens Rescue Danish Jews from Germans......Page 429 October, 1943 Alaska Highway Is Completed......Page 432 October 25, 1943 Thai-Burma Railway Is Completed with Forced Labor......Page 436 November 4, 1943 World’s First Nuclear Reactor Is Activated......Page 438 November 20, 1943 - November 27, 1944 Central Pacific Offensive......Page 442 November 23 - 30, 1943 Cairo Conference and Declaration Addresses War in the Pacific......Page 445 November 28 - December 1, 1943 Tehran Conference Promotes Allied Cooperation in Iran......Page 447 December, 1943 Secret English Team Develops Colossus......Page 449 December 17, 1943 Magnuson Act Repeals the Chinese Exclusion Act......Page 454 1944 Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty Determine That DNA Carries Hereditary Information......Page 456 1944 Borges’s FICCIONES Transcends Traditional Realism......Page 459 1944 - 1949 Hodgkin Solves the Structure of Penicillin......Page 462 1944 - 1953 Sanger Determines the Structure of Insulin......Page 465 1944 - 1957 Kelly Forges New Directions in Cinematic Dance......Page 468 1944 - 1960 Sartre and Camus Give Dramatic Voice to Existential Philosophy......Page 471 January 29, 1944 Kuiper Discovers That Titan Has an Atmosphere......Page 475 March, 1944 Hayek Opposes Centralized Economic Planning......Page 478 March 15, 1944 France Grants Suffrage to Women......Page 480 April 3, 1944 Supreme Court Rules African American Disenfranchisement Unconstitutional......Page 483 April 18, 1944 Robbins’s FANCY FREE Premieres......Page 486 April 22, 1944 U.S. HIGHBALL Premieres in New York......Page 489 June 6, 1944 Invasion of Normandy Begins the Liberation of Europe......Page 492 June 12 - 20, 1944 Battle of the Philippine Sea......Page 495 June 13 and September 8, 1944 German V-1 and V-2 Weapons Are Deployed......Page 498 June 15, 1944 Superfortress Bombing of Japan......Page 501 June 22, 1944 Roosevelt Signs the G.I. Bill......Page 504 July 1 - 22, 1944 Bretton Woods Agreement Encourages Free Trade......Page 508 July 25, 1944 Allied Forces Break German Front in France......Page 511 August 15, 1944 Operation Dragoon......Page 514 September, 1944 Borlaug Begins Work on High-Yield Wheat......Page 516 September 12, 1944 Allied Forces Begin the Battle for Germany......Page 519 October 20, 1944 Japan Orders Kamikaze Attacks......Page 522 October 23 - 26, 1944 Battle for Leyte Gulf......Page 525 October 30, 1944 Graham Debuts APPALACHIAN SPRING with Copland Score......Page 529 November, 1944 - October, 1948 Reber Publishes the First Radio Maps of the Galaxy......Page 532 November 7, 1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt Wins a Fourth Presidential Term......Page 536 November 22, 1944 Canada Implements Conscription After Months of Crisis......Page 538 November 29, 1944 Blalock and Taussig Perform the First "Blue Baby" Surgery......Page 541 December 16, 1944 - January, 1945 Battle of the Bulge......Page 544 Mid-1940’s First Modern Herbicide Is Introduced......Page 547 1945 Africans Return Home After World War II......Page 549 1945 Billy Graham Becomes a Traveling Evangelist......Page 552 January, 1945 ARTS AND ARCHITECTURE Magazine Initiates the Case Study Program......Page 554 January 25, 1945 Fluoride Is Introduced into the U.S. Water Supply......Page 558 February 4 - 11, 1945 Yalta Conference......Page 561 February 11, 1945 Soviet Exiles and Prisoners of War Are Forced into Repatriation......Page 565 February 23, 1945 American Flag Is Raised at Iwo Jima......Page 567 March 12, 1945 Alcoa Is Convicted of Violating the Sherman Antitrust Act......Page 570 March 15, 1945 GOING MY WAY Wins Best Picture......Page 573 April 1 - July 2, 1945 Okinawa Campaign Meets Stiff Japanese Resistance......Page 576 April 9, 1945 Bonhoeffer Is Executed by the Nazis......Page 579 April 18, 1945 War Correspondent Pyle Dies in Combat......Page 581 April 25 - June 26, 1945 United Nations Charter Convention......Page 585 May 8, 1945 Algerian Nationalists Riot at Sétif......Page 589 May 8, 1945 V-E Day Marks the End of World War II in Europe......Page 592 May 28, 1945 Evelyn Waugh Captures Prewar English Life in BRIDESHEAD REVISITED......Page 595 June 7, 1945 Britten Completes PETER GRIMES......Page 598 Summer, 1945 Duggar Develops the First Tetracycline Antibiotic......Page 601 July 16, 1945 First Nuclear Bomb Is Detonated......Page 605 July 17 - August 2, 1945 Potsdam Conference......Page 608 July 26, 1945 Labour Party Forms Britain’s Majority Government......Page 612 August 6 and 9, 1945 Atomic Bombs Destroy Hiroshima and Nagasaki......Page 614 September 28, 1945 Truman Proclamation on the Continental Shelf......Page 618 October 24, 1945 Norwegians Execute Nazi Collaborator Quisling......Page 621 October 29, 1945 - February 23, 1946 Japanese General Yamashita Is Convicted of War Crimes......Page 624 November 20, 1945 - October 1, 1946 Nazi War Criminals Are Tried at Nuremberg......Page 627 December 28, 1945 War Brides Act......Page 631 1946 British and Australian Tribunals Impose Death Sentences for War Crimes......Page 634 1946 Jaspers Examines Germany’s Collective Responsibility for War Crimes......Page 636 1946 - 1960 Hollywood Studio System Is Transformed......Page 639 1946 - 1962 Westerns Dominate Postwar American Film......Page 643 February 1, 1946 First U.N. Secretary-General Is Selected......Page 647 February 5, 1946 Establishment of the International Court of Justice......Page 649 February 20, 1946 Employment Act......Page 652 February 24, 1946 Perón Creates a Populist Political Alliance in Argentina......Page 654 March 5, 1946 Churchill Delivers His Iron Curtain Speech......Page 658 March 17, 1946 France Launches the Monnet Plan......Page 662 March 28, 1946 Parker’s Playing Epitomizes Bebop......Page 665 May 17 - 25, 1946 Truman Orders Seizure of the Railroads......Page 669 July 1, 1946 Canada’s Citizenship Act Is Passed......Page 672 July 4, 1946 Philippines Regains Its Independence......Page 675 July 5, 1946 Bikini Swimsuit Is Introduced......Page 677 July 7, 1946 Mother Cabrini Becomes the First U.S. Citizen Canonized as a Saint......Page 680 July 16, 1946 Truman Creates the Bureau of Land Management......Page 683 July 22, 1946 World Health Organization Proclaims Health a Basic Human Right......Page 686 August, 1946 HIROSHIMA Recounts the Story of Surviving a Nuclear Explosion......Page 689 August 1, 1946 Atomic Energy Commission Is Established......Page 692 August 1, 1946 Congress Creates the Fulbright Program......Page 696 October 3, 1946 Mahalia Jackson Begins Her Recording Career......Page 698 November, 1946 Physicists Develop the First Synchrocyclotron......Page 701 November, 1946 - July, 1954 Nationalist Vietnamese Fight French Control of Indochina......Page 705 November 6, 1946 United Kingdom Passes the National Health Service Act......Page 710 November 9 - December 15, 1946 United Nations Admits Its First New Member States......Page 713 November 13, 1946 First Cloud Seeding Heralds Weather Modification......Page 714 November 20, 1946 First Performance by Balanchine and Kirstein’s Ballet Society......Page 718 December 2, 1946 International Whaling Commission Is Formed......Page 722 December 11, 1946 UNICEF Is Established......Page 726 December 12, 1946 Spain Is Denied Entrance into the United Nations......Page 730 December 20, 1946 Capra Releases IT’S A WONDERFUL LIFE......Page 733 1947 Construction Starts on Brookhaven Nuclear Reactor......Page 737 1947 Gabor Develops the Concept of Holography......Page 740 1947 Lamb and Retherford Discover the Lamb Shift......Page 742 1947 Simon Publishes ADMINISTRATIVE BEHAVIOR......Page 745 1947 - 1951 Blacklisting Depletes Hollywood’s Talent Pool......Page 748 February 21, 1947 Land Demonstrates the Polaroid Camera......Page 753 March 12, 1947 Truman Doctrine......Page 756 Spring, 1947 Dior’s "New Look" Sweeps Europe and America......Page 759 April 9 - 23, 1947 Congress of Racial Equality Holds Its Journey of Reconciliation......Page 762 April 15, 1947 Robinson Breaks the Color Line in Major-League Baseball......Page 766 April 28 - August 7, 1947 Heyerdahl’s KON-TIKI Expedition......Page 770 May 3, 1947 Japan Becomes a Constitutional Democracy......Page 773 May 3, 1947 Japanese Constitution Grants New Rights to Women......Page 776 May 7, 1947 Construction of Levittown Is Announced......Page 779 June 23, 1947 Taft-Hartley Act Passes over Truman’s Veto......Page 783 July, 1947 Great Books Foundation Is Established......Page 786 July 26, 1947 National Security Act......Page 789 August 15, 1947 India Gains Independence from the United Kingdom......Page 792 September, 1947 German Writers Form Group 47......Page 797 September 30 - October 6, 1947 NBC Broadcasts the Baseball World Series......Page 800 October 14, 1947 Yeager Breaks the Sound Barrier......Page 803 October 20, 1947 HUAC Investigates Hollywood......Page 806 October 27, 1947 - December 31, 1948 India and Pakistan Clash over Kashmir......Page 811 October 30, 1947 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Is Signed......Page 814 November, 1947 First Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Is Discovered......Page 816 November 29, 1947-July, 1949 Arab-Israeli War Creates Refugee Crisis......Page 819 December 23, 1947 Invention of the Transistor......Page 823 1948 Aversion Drug Found for the Treatment of Alcoholism......Page 826 1948 Fender Introduces the Broadcaster Guitar......Page 829 1948 Greene’s THE HEART OF THE MATTER Is Published......Page 833 1948 Mailer Publishes THE NAKED AND THE DEAD......Page 835 1948 Merton Publishes His Spiritual Autobiography, THE SEVEN STOREY MOUNTAIN......Page 838 1948 Morgenthau Advances Realist School of Power Politics......Page 840 1948 Osborn Publishes OUR PLUNDERED PLANET......Page 843 1948 Roberts Starts the Healing Waters Ministry......Page 845 1948 Simons Articulates the Chicago School of Public Policy......Page 849 1948 Soviets Escalate Persecution of Jews......Page 853 1948 Steady-State Theory of the Universe Is Advanced by Bondi, Gold, and Hoyle......Page 855 1948 Vogt’s ROAD TO SURVIVAL Warns of Overpopulation......Page 859 1948 - 1951 Ryle’s Radio Telescope Locates the First Known Radio Galaxy......Page 862 1948 - 1953 Soviets Adopt Stalin’s Plan for the Transformation of Nature......Page 865 January 1, 1948 Benelux Customs Union Enters into Force......Page 869 January 30, 1948 Gandhi Is Assassinated......Page 871 February, 1948 Paton Explores South Africa’s Racial Divide in CRY, THE BELOVED COUNTRY......Page 873 February 4, 1948 Ceylon Becomes an Independent Dominion......Page 876 February 10, 1948 Zhdanov Denounces “Formalism” in Music......Page 878 February 25, 1948 Communists Seize Power in Czechoslovakia......Page 882 March 12 - April 19, 1948 Costa Rica Endures Its Bloodiest Civil War......Page 885 April 3, 1948 Marshall Plan Provides Aid to Europe......Page 887 April 9, 1948 La Violencia Begins in Colombia......Page 892 April 19, 1948 ABC Begins Its Own Network Television Service......Page 895 April 26, 1948 Dead Sea Scrolls Are Unearthed......Page 899 April 30, 1948 Organization of American States Is Founded......Page 903 May 2, 1948 American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man Is Adopted......Page 906 May 3, 1948 Antitrust Rulings Force Film Studios to Divest Theaters......Page 909 May 4, 1948 Olivier’s HAMLET Is Released to Acclaim and Controversy......Page 913 May 14, 1948 Israel Is Created as a Homeland for Jews......Page 917 May 25, 1948 General Motors and the UAW Introduce the COLA Clause......Page 921 June, 1948 - 1964 Variety Shows Dominate Television Programming......Page 924 June 3, 1948 Hale Constructs the 200-Inch Telescope......Page 927 June 8, 1948 - Spring, 1953 "Mr. Television" Hosts the TEXACO STAR THEATER......Page 931 June 24, 1948 - May 11, 1949 Berlin Blockade......Page 934 June 30, 1948 First Water Pollution Control Act Is Passed......Page 937 July 8, 1948 Textron Initiates the Trend Toward Conglomeration......Page 941 July 20, 1948 Rhee Is Elected President of South Korea......Page 944 July 26, 1948 Truman Orders Desegregation of U.S. Armed Forces......Page 947 August 6, 1948 Mathias Is Dubbed the "World’s Greatest Athlete"......Page 951 August 22, 1948 World Council of Churches Is Formed......Page 953 September 12, 1948 India Invades Hyderabad State......Page 955 October 5, 1948 World Conservation Union Is Founded......Page 957 October 6, 1948 Earthquake Devastates Ashgabat and Kills Up to 100,000 People......Page 961 October 26 - 31, 1948 Pennsylvania Town Suffers Deadly Temperature Inversion......Page 963 October 30, 1948 Gamow Develops the Big Bang Theory......Page 966 November 2, 1948 Truman Is Elected President......Page 969 November 15, 1948 St. Laurent Becomes Canadian Prime Minister......Page 972 November 29, 1948 - August 31, 1957 KUKLA, FRAN, AND OLLIE Pioneers Children’s Television Programming......Page 975 December 9, 1948 United Nations Adopts Convention on Genocide......Page 977 December 10, 1948 United Nations Adopts the Universal Declaration of Human Rights......Page 980 December 26, 1948 Hungary’s Communist Government Arrests Cardinal Mindszenty......Page 984 December 30, 1948 Porter Creates an Integrated Score for KISS ME, KATE......Page 986 1949 Beauvoir’s THE SECOND SEX Anticipates the Women’s Movement......Page 990 1949 Community Antenna Television Is Introduced......Page 993 1949 Diners Club Begins a New Industry......Page 996 Beginning 1949 Hanford Nuclear Reservation Becomes a Health Concern......Page 999 1949 Leopold Publishes A SAND COUNTY ALMANAC......Page 1002 1949 Soviet Union Adopts Measures to Reduce Air Pollution......Page 1006 1949 X Rays from a Synchrotron Are First Used in Medical Diagnosis and Treatment......Page 1009 1949 - 1951 Ealing Comedies Mark a High Point in British Film......Page 1012 1949 - 1961 East Germans Flee to West to Escape Communist Regime......Page 1016 January, 1949 Brecht Founds the Berliner Ensemble......Page 1019 January 21, 1949 - March 9, 1950 Davis Develops 1950’s Cool Jazz......Page 1023 January 25, 1949 Soviet Bloc States Establish Council for Mutual Economic Assistance......Page 1026 February 20, 1949 Pound Wins the Bollingen Prize......Page 1029 February 24, 1949 HERMES Builds the First Multistage Rocket......Page 1032 March 4, 1949 Libby Introduces the Carbon-14 Method of Dating Ancient Objects......Page 1035 March 8, 1949 Vietnam Is Named a State......Page 1038 March 31, 1949 Newfoundland Becomes Canada’s Tenth Province......Page 1041 April 4, 1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Is Formed......Page 1043 April 17, 1949 Brothers at Taizé Take Permanent Vows......Page 1047 June, 1949 NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR Portrays Totalitarianism and Mind Control......Page 1049 June 11, 1949 Hank Williams Performs on THE GRAND OLE OPRY......Page 1053 August, 1949 First Electronic Stored-Program Computer Is Completed......Page 1056 August 3, 1949 National Basketball Association Is Formed......Page 1060 August 6, 1949 Spanish Becomes the Language of Instruction in Puerto Rico......Page 1062 August 12, 1949 Geneva Conventions Establish Norms of Conduct in War......Page 1066 September 3, 1949 THE THIRD MAN Premieres......Page 1070 September 21 - October 7, 1949 Germany Splits into Two Republics......Page 1072 October 1, 1949 Mao Zedong Proclaims a Communist People’s Republic in China......Page 1075 November 26, 1949 Indian Government Bans Discrimination Against Untouchables......Page 1079 December 2, 1949 United Nations Convention Suppressing Human Trafficking Is Adopted......Page 1083 December 9, 1949 United Nations Creates an Agency to Aid Palestinian Refugees......Page 1085 Early 1950’s De Vaucouleurs Identifies the Local Supercluster of Galaxies......Page 1090 1950’s "Angry Young Men" Express Working-Class Views......Page 1093 1950’s Beat Generation Rejects Mainstream Values......Page 1097 1950’s Family Comedies on Television Rise in Popularity......Page 1100 1950’s Golden Age of Television......Page 1103 1950’s-mid-1960’s Acid Rain Changes Lake and Riverine Ecology......Page 1107 1950 Boyd Defines Human “Races” by Blood Groups......Page 1110 1950 Oort Offers a Theory of Comets......Page 1113 1950 Robinson’s THE CARDINAL Tops Best-Seller List......Page 1115 1950 U.S. Government Encourages American Indians to Settle in Cities......Page 1118 1950 - 1956 Children Delight in THE CHRONICLES OF NARNIA......Page 1121 February 14, 1950 Stalin and Mao Pen a Defense Pact......Page 1124 February 16, 1950 AP Names Didrikson Woman Athlete of the Half Century......Page 1126 April, 1950 Meteorologists Make the First Computerized Weather Prediction......Page 1128 April 24, 1950 Jordan Annexes the West Bank......Page 1132 June, 1950 Artificial Sweetener Cyclamate Is Introduced......Page 1134 June 25, 1950-July 27, 1953 Korean War......Page 1137 July 1, 1950 European Payments Union Is Formed......Page 1142 J