GNU/Linux Rapid Embedded Programming : Your One-stop Solution to Embedded Programming on GNU/Linux

An annotated guide to program and develop GNU/Linux Embedded systems quicklyKey Features[•]Rapidly design and build powerful prototypes for GNU/Linux Embedded systems[•]Become familiar with the workings of GNU/Linux Embedded systems and how to manage its peripherals[•]Write, monitor, and configure applications quickly and effectively, manage an external micro-controller, and use it as co-processor for real-time tasksBook DescriptionEmbedded computers have become very complex in the last few years and developers need to easily manage them by focusing on how to solve a problem without wasting time in finding supported peripherals or learning how to manage them. The main challenge with experienced embedded programmers and engineers is really how long it takes to turn an idea into reality, and we show you exactly how to do it. This book shows how to interact with external environments through specific peripherals used in the industry. We will use the latest Linux kernel release 4.4.x and Debian/Ubuntu distributions (with embedded distributions like OpenWrt and Yocto). The book will present popular boards in the industry that are user-friendly to base the rest of the projects on - BeagleBone Black, SAMA5D3 Xplained, Wandboard and system-on-chip manufacturers. Readers will be able to take their first steps in programming the embedded platforms, using C, Bash, and Python/PHP languages in order to get access to the external peripherals. More about using and programming device driver and accessing the peripherals will be covered to lay a strong foundation. The readers will learn how to read/write data from/to the external environment by using both C programs or a scripting language (Bash/PHP/Python) and how to configure a device driver for a specific hardware. After finishing this book, the readers will be able to gain a good knowledge level and understanding of writing, configuring, and managing drivers, controlling and monitoring applications with the help of efficient/quick programming and will be able to apply these skills into real-world projects. What you will learnThings you will learn:Use embedded systems to implement your projectsAccess and manage peripherals for embedded systemsProgram embedded systems using languages such as C, Python, Bash, and PHPUse a complete distribution, such as Debian or Ubuntu, or an embedded one, such as OpenWrt or YoctoHarness device driver capabilities to optimize device communicationsAccess data through several kinds of devices such as GPIO's, serial ports, PWM, ADC, Ethernet, WiFi, audio, video, I2C, SPI, One Wire, USB and CANPractical example usage of several devices such as RFID readers, Smart card readers, barcode readers, z-Wave devices, GSM/GPRS modemsUsage of several sensors such as light, pressure, moisture, temperature, infrared, power, motionWho this book is forThis book targets Embedded System developers and GNU/Linux programmers who would like to program Embedded Systems and perform Embedded development. The book focuses on quick and efficient prototype building. Some experience with hardware and Embedded Systems is assumed, as is having done some previous work on GNU/Linux systems. Knowledge of scripting on GNU/Linux is expected as well. Contents 3 Preface 12 Installing the Developing System 26 Embedded world terms 27 Systems' overview 29 Installing a development system 41 Setting up the developing system 76 Summary 89 Managing the System Console 90 Basic OS management 90 A quick tour into the bootloader 110 Summary 130 C Compiler, Device Drivers & Useful Developing Techniques 131 The C compiler 132 The Kernel and DTS files 145 What is a device driver? 153 The root filesystem (rootfs) 171 The Network FileSystem (NFS) 183 Using an emulator 193 Summary 200 Quick Programming with Scripts & System Daemons 201 Setting up the system 202 System daemons 203 Scripting languages 230 Writing a custom daemon 244 Summary 250 Setting up Embedded OS 251 MTD versus block devices 252 OpenWrt 273 Yocto 301 Summary 321 General Purposes IO signals – GPIO 322 What is a GPIO line? 323 GPIOs in Linux 328 Getting access to GPIOs 331 Using GPIOs with scripting languages 344 Managing GPIO into the kernel 348 Summary 362 Serial Ports & TTY Devices - TTY 363 What are TTY, serial, and UART lines? 364 Implementations of serial ports 370 The serial ports in Linux 372 The communication parameters 372 Getting access to TTYs 373 Managing TTY in the kernel with SLIP 384 Summary 390 Universal Serial Bus - USB 391 What is the universal serial bus? 391 The USB bus in Linux 394 The USB tools 413 The raw USB bus 416 Summary 421 Inter-Integrated Circuits - I2C 422 What is the Inter-Integrated Circuit bus? 422 The I2C bus in Linux 428 The I2C tools 429 Getting access to I2C devices 430 The Raw I2C Bus 452 Summary 460 Serial Peripheral Interface - SPI 461 What is the Serial Peripheral Interface bus? 461 The SPI bus in Linux 470 The SPI tools 471 Getting access to SPI devices 473 The raw SPI bus 481 Summary 491 1-Wire - W1 492 What is the 1-Wire Bus? 492 The 1-Wire bus in Linux 497 Getting access to 1-Wire devices 499 Summary 506 Ethernet Network Device - ETH 507 What is an Ethernet network device? 507 The Ethernet devices in Linux 510 The net tools 512 Communicating with a remote device 514 The raw Ethernet bus 518 Simple Ethernet bridging 518 Summary 520 Wireless Network Device - WLAN 521 What is a wireless network device? 521 WLAN devices in Linux 524 The wireless tools 527 The WPA supplicant 532 The Hostapd daemon 534 Summary 540 Controller Area Network - CAN 541 What is the CAN bus? 541 The CAN bus in Linux 546 The can-utils package 548 The raw CAN bus 550 Exchanging data via the CAN bus 553 Summary 561 Sound Devices - SND 562 What is a sound device? 562 Sound in Linux 569 The audio tools 574 The USB audio device class 590 Managing sound devices 592 Summary 603 Video devices - V4L 604 What is a video device? 604 Video in Linux 611 The video tools 611 The USB video class device 615 Managing video devices 620 Summary 634 Analog-to-Digital Converters - ADC 635 What is an analog-to-digital converter device? 635 ADCs in Linux 640 Detecting a gas 646 Summary 652 Pulse-Width Modulation - PWM 653 What is a PWM device? 654 PWM devices in Linux 657 Managing a servo motor 658 Summary 660 Miscellaneous Devices 661 Digital sensors 661 Analog sensors 667 GSM/GPRS modem 672 Smart card reader 680 RFID reader 685 Z-Wave 692 Summary 701 Index 702 An annotated guide to program and develop GNU/Linux Embedded systems quickly About This Book Rapidly design and build powerful prototypes for GNU/Linux Embedded systems Become familiar with the workings of GNU/Linux Embedded systems and how to manage its peripherals Write, monitor, and configure applications quickly and effectively, manage an external micro-controller, and use it as co-processor for real-time tasks Who This Book Is For This book targets Embedded System developers and GNU/Linux programmers who would like to program Embedded Systems and perform Embedded development. The book focuses on quick and efficient prototype building. Some experience with hardware and Embedded Systems is assumed, as is having done some previous work on GNU/Linux systems. Knowledge of scripting on GNU/Linux is expected as well. What You Will Learn Use embedded systems to implement your projects Access and manage peripherals for embedded systems Program embedded systems using languages such as C, Python, Bash, and PHP Use a complete distribution, such as Debian or Ubuntu, or an embedded one, such as OpenWrt or Yocto Harness device driver capabilities to optimize device communications Access data through several kinds of devices such as GPIO's, serial ports, PWM, ADC, Ethernet, WiFi, audio, video, I2C, SPI, One Wire, USB and CAN Practical example usage of several devices such as RFID readers, Smart card readers, barcode readers, z-Wave devices, GSM/GPRS modems Usage of several sensors such as light, pressure, moisture, temperature, infrared, power, motion In Detail Embedded computers have become very complex in the last few years and developers need to be able to easily manage embedded computer projects by focusing on problem solving; they should not have to waste time finding supported peripherals or learning how to manage them. This book shows you how to interact with external environments through specific peripherals used in the industry. It focuses on the latest Linux kernel release 4 and Debian/Ubuntu distributions (with embedded distributions such as OpenWRT and Yocto). This book presents popular and user-friendly boards in the industry -- such as Beaglebone Black, Atmel Xplained, Wandboard, and system-on-chip manufacturers -- and lets you explore corresponding projects that make use of these boards. You will first program the embedded platforms using the C, Bash, and Python/PHP languages in order to get access to the external peripherals. You will gain ..