Globalizing Polar Science: Reconsidering the International Polar and Geophysical Years (Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology)

The International Polar Years (IPY) and the International Geophysical Year (IGY) represented a remarkable international collaborative scientific effort that was focused on, but not limited to, understanding the poles. These efforts demonstrated the consistency of scientific goals and methods across political boundaries. At the same time, they increased both knowledge and international tensions. This collection of essays explores the various scientific expeditions of the IPYs and the IGY, bringing together contributions from a variety of specialists. They offer overviews of the scientific progress achieved in each case, as well as the political, economic, and military factors that influenced these undertakings. Collectively, they provide new insights into the professionalization of scientific disciplines, national styles of scientific investigation and collaboration, scientific patronage, and the emergence of the global geosciences. . Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Introduction: Rise of Global Scientific Inquiry in the International Polar and Geophysical Years....Pages 1-9 Front Matter....Pages 11-11 A Polar Perspective....Pages 13-22 Making Science Global? Coordinated Enterprises in Nineteenth-century Science....Pages 23-35 Publishing Arctic Science in the Nineteenth Century: The Case of the First International Polar Year....Pages 37-46 Toward the Poles: A Historiography of Scientific Exploration during the International Polar Years and the International Geophysical Year....Pages 47-81 Front Matter....Pages 83-83 Going Global in Polar Exploration: Nineteenth-century American and British Nationalism and Peacetime Science....Pages 85-105 Swedish Polar Policies from the First International Polar Year to the Present....Pages 107-121 The Polar Years and Japan....Pages 123-141 China and the International Geophysical Year....Pages 143-155 Front Matter....Pages 157-157 Approaching the Southern Hemisphere: The German Pathway in the Nineteenth Century....Pages 159-175 Sydney Chapman: Dynamo behind the International Geophysical Year....Pages 177-203 Lloyd Berkner and the International Geophysical Year Proposal in Context: With Some Comments on the Implications for the Comité Spéciale de l’Année Géophysique Internationale, CSAGI, Request for Launching Earth Orbiting Satellites....Pages 205-224 Polar and Global Meteorology in the Career of Harry Wexler, 1933–62....Pages 225-241 Front Matter....Pages 243-243 Science, Environment, and Sovereignty: The International Geophysical Year in the Antarctic Peninsula Region....Pages 245-264 The International Geophysical Year in Antarctica: A Triumph of “Apolitical” Science, Politics, and Peace....Pages 265-278 Tracking Diplomacy: The International Geophysical Year and American Scientific and Technical Exchange with East Asia....Pages 279-305 Geodesy, Time, and the Markowitz Moon Camera Program: An Interwoven International Geophysical Year Story....Pages 307-328 Front Matter....Pages 329-329 The International Geophysical Year and Planetary Science....Pages 331-342 Polar Politics, Historical Narratives, and Saami Prehistory....Pages 343-353 Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Greenhouse Gases since the International Geophysical Year: F. Sherwood Rowland and the Evolution of Earth Science....Pages 355-371 Back Matter....Pages 373-386 The International Polar Years And The International Geophysical Year Represented A Remarkable International Collaborative Scientific Effort That Was Focused On, But Not Limited To, Understanding The Earth's Poles. This Groundbreaking Collection Redresses The Surprising Failure Of Historians To Explore Beyond Even A Cursory Manner The Richness Of The Ipys And Igy As Sites Of Historical And Scientific Study. In Doing So, It Illuminates Critical Aspects Of The Last 150 Years Of International Scientific Endeavour-- A Polar Perspective / Michael Aaron Dennis -- Making Science Global? Coordinated Enterprises In Nineteenth-century Science / Marc Rothenberg -- Publishing Arctic Science In The Nineteenth Century : The Case Of The First International Polar Year / Philip N. Cronenwett -- Toward The Poles : A Historiography Of Scientific Exploration During The International Polar Years And The International Geophysical Year / Roger D. Launius -- Going Global In Polar Exploration : Nineteenth-century American And British Nationalism And Peacetime Science / Christopher Carter -- Swedish Polar Policies From The First International Polar Year To The Present / Lisbeth Lewander -- The Polar Years And Japan / William R. Stevenson -- China And The International Geophysical Year / Zuoyue Wang And Jiuchen Zhang -- Approaching The Southern Hemisphere : The German Pathway In The Nineteenth Century / Cornelia Lüdecke -- Sydney Chapman : Dynamo Behind The International Geophysical Year / Gregory A. Good --^ Edited By Roger D. Launius, James Roger Fleming, And David H. Devorkin. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. "The International Polar Years and the International Geophysical Year represented a remarkable international collaborative scientific effort that was focused on, but not limited to, understanding the Earth's poles. This groundbreaking collection redresses the surprising failure of historians to explore beyond even a cursory manner the richness of the IPYs and IGY as sites of historical and scientific study. In doing so, it illuminates critical aspects of the last 150 years of international scientific endeavour"-- Provided by publisher

The International Polar Years and the International Geophysical Year represented a remarkable international collaborative scientific effort that was focused on, but not limited to, understanding the Earth’s poles. This groundbreaking collection redresses the surprising failure of historians to explore beyond even a cursory manner the richness of the IPYs and IGY as sites of historical and scientific study. In doing so, it illuminates critical aspects of the last 150 years of international scientific endeavour.

The International Polar Years and the International Geophysical Year represented a remarkable international collaborative scientific effort that has been largely neglected by historians. This groundbreaking collection seeks to redress that neglect and illuminate critical aspects of the last 150 years of international scientific endeavour.