اقلیم‌شناسی فیزیکی جهانی (جلد ۵۶) (ژئوفیزیک بین‌المللی، جلد ۵۶)

Global Physical Climatology is an introductory text devoted to the fundamental physical principles and problems of climate sensitivity and change. Addressing some of the most critical issues in climatology, this text features incisive coverage of topics that are central to understanding orbital parameter theory for past climate changes, and for anthropogenic and natural causes of near-future changes-- Key Features* Covers the physics of climate change* Examines the nature of the current climate and its previous changes* Explores the sensitivity of climate and the mechanisms by which humans are likely to produce near-future climate changes* Provides instructive end-of-chapter exercises and appendices Content: Edited by Page iii copyright page Page iv Preface Pages ix-x DennisL. Hartmann Chapter 1 Introduction to the Climate System Pages 1-17 Chapter 2 The Global Energy Balance Pages 18-39 Chapter 3 Atmospheric Radiative Transfer and Climate Pages 40-80 Chapter 4 The Energy Balance of the Surface Pages 81-114 Chapter 5 The Hydrologic Cycle Pages 115-135 Chapter 6 Atmospheric General Circulation and Climate Pages 136-170 Chapter 7 The Ocean General Circulation and Climate Pages 171-203 Chapter 8 History and Evolution of Earth's Climate Pages 204-228 Chapter 9 Climate Sensitivity and Feedback Mechanisms Pages 229-253 Chapter 10 Global Climate Models Pages 254-285 Chapter 11 Natural Climate Change Pages 286-318 Chapter 12 Anthropogenic Climate Change Pages 319-345 Appendix A Calculation of Insolation under Current Conditions Pages 347-349 Appendix B The Clausius-Clapeyron Relation Pages 350-351 Appendix C The First Law of Thermodynamics, Lapse Rate and Potential Temperature Pages 352-355 Appendix D Derivation of Simple Radiative Flux Equations Pages 356-359 Appendix E Symbol Definitions Pages 360-368 Appendix F Système Internationale (SI) Units Pages 369-372 Appendix G Useful Numerical Values Pages 373-374 Appendix H Answers to Selected Exercises Pages 375-376 Glossary Pages 377-386 References Pages 387-397 Index Pages 399-408 International Geophysics Series Original Research Article Pages 409-411 Renata Dmowska, JamesR. Holton Global Physical Climatology is an introductory text devoted to the fundamental physical principles and problems of climate sensitivity and change. Addressing some of the most critical issues in climatology, this text features incisive coverage of topics that are central to understanding orbital parameter theory for past climate changes, and for anthropogenic and natural causes of near-future changes--

Key Features
* Covers the physics of climate change
* Examines the nature of the current climate and its previous changes
* Explores the sensitivity of climate and the mechanisms by which humans are likely to produce near-future climate changes
* Provides instructive end-of-chapter exercises and appendices Introduces the fundamental physical principles and problems of climate sensitivity and change. This work covers the physics of climate change, and examines the nature of climate and its changes over the years. It also explores the sensitivity of climate and the mechanisms by which humans are likely to produce near-future climate changes.