Global Ecological Governance and Ecological Economy (Research Series on the Chinese Dream and China’s Development Path)

This book focuses on ecological economics conducted in the context of global ecological governance, covering topics from ecological footprint, energy saving and emission reduction, circular economy, green development, sustainable development, ecological civilization, to the ecological environment and ecological governance of rural areas, etc. as well as some theoretical studies related to efficient ecological economics. It is contributed by scholars attending the high-level forum with the theme of “Global Ecological Governance and Ecological Economic Studies” hosted by the Chinese Ecological Economics Society (CEES), the first ecological economics society in the world, and many cutting-edge concepts in the field of ecological economics are proposed. It provides some insight for scholars who are interested in the field of global ecological governance and ecological economic studies. Series Preface Foreword by Cai Fang Foreword by Zhang Shucun Contents 1 Creating a Sustainable and Desirable Future 1.1 A Framework for a New Economy 1.2 Respecting Ecological Limits 1.3 Building a Sustainable Macroeconomy 1.4 Tax Policy Can also be Used to Reduce Income Inequality (see Fig. 1.3). References 2 Estimation of Ecological Values on Environment-Friendly Agricultural Products 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Analytical Method 2.2.1 Conceptual Framework of the LS Model 2.2.2 The Econometric Model 2.3 Study Design and Implementation 2.3.1 Attributes of the Choice Experiment 2.4 Survey Design and Data Characteristics 2.4.1 The Questionnaire 2.4.2 Questionnaire Response Rate 2.4.3 Consumer Profiles 2.4.4 Awareness on Stork Conservation and Agricultural Practices 2.4.5 Purchasing Decision 2.5 Estimated Results 2.5.1 Estimated Results of Conditional Logit Model 2.5.2 Latent Perceptual and Attitudinal Variables 2.5.3 Estimated Results of Latent Segment Model 2.6 Conclusion References 3 Progress in China’s Rural Ecological Governance 3.1 Differences Among Resource Economics, Environmental Economics and Ecological Economics 3.1.1 Resource Economics 3.1.2 Environmental Economics 3.1.3 Ecological Economics 3.2 Analytical Framework for Sustainable Development 3.2.1 The Kuznets Curve of Changes in the Income Distribution 3.2.2 The Kuznets Curve of Changes in the Total Population 3.2.3 The Kuznets Curve of Changes in the Environmental Conditions 3.2.4 The Kuznets Curve of Resources 3.3 Rural Ecological Protection and Construction 3.3.1 Advances in the Awareness of the Conservation of Nature 3.3.2 Construction of Nature Reserves 3.3.3 Forestry Construction 3.3.4 Progress in Grassland Protection 3.3.5 Protection of the Water Environment 3.3.6 Treatment of Water and Soil Loss 3.3.7 Treatment of Desertification 3.4 Existing Problems 3.4.1 Emphasizing the Realization of Ecological Assets While Ignoring the Protection of Those Assets 3.4.2 Emphasizing the Short-Term Goals While Ignoring the Long-Term Goals 3.4.3 Emphasizing the Top-Down Whiling Ignoring the Bottom-Up 3.5 Policy Suggestions 3.5.1 Making the Ecological Construction of Villages and Towns Part of the Overall Urban and Rural Development Planning, Achieving Urban–rural Coordination of Ecological Construction 3.5.2 Seizing the Opportunities of Proactive Fiscal Policies, Incorporating Rural Ecological Construction into the government’s Scope of Expanding the Domestic Demand 3.5.3 Actively Introducing the Market Mechanism, Solving the Problem of Lack of Funds for Rural Ecological Treatment 3.5.4 Formulating a Policy of Subsidizing Organic Fertilizers and Comprehensive Utilization of Straw and Livestock and Poultry Manures, Cancelling the Subsidies for Fertilizers 3.5.5 Setting up a Number of National Research Projects, Solving the Key Technical Difficulties in the Treatment of Agricultural Pollution 3.5.6 Establishing a Technological System of Release that is Suitable for Agricultural Environmental Protection 3.5.7 Regular Environmental Education and Training for Farmers, Laying a Base for Widespread Protection of the Rural Environment 3.5.8 Implementing the Policies of “reward for Treatment” and “reward in Lieu of Subsidy”, and Transforming from the Rural Communities Being Required to Carry Out Treatment to Their Willingness to Do so 4 On the Transformation of the Growth Concept: Towards a Steady State Economy 4.1 Growth Trend and Momentum 4.2 Triple Constraints of Epitaxial Growth 4.3 Ecological Growth 4.4 Steady-State Economy References 5 Theoretical Foundations of Efficient Ecological Economic Studies 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Concept Definition 5.2.1 The First Theoretical Premise of the Concept of an Ecological Efficient Economy: The High Entropy of the Earth’s Evolution 5.2.2 The Second Theoretical Premise of the Concept of Ecological Efficient Economy: An Ecological Economic System is the Organic Unity of an Ecological System and an Economic System 5.2.3 The Third Theoretical Premise of the Concept of an Ecological Efficient Economy: The Evolution of Ecological Economies Undergoes a Historical Process Going from Low Efficiency to High Efficiency 5.3 Empirical Analysis 5.4 Conceptual Expansion 5.4.1 Theoretical Analysis 5.4.2 Experience and Implications 5.5 Conclusions References 6 Resource and Environmental Situations and Policy Options of Rural Ecological Governance in China 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Analysis of the Situations of Resources and of the Environment Facing Rural Ecological Governance in China 6.2.1 Analysis of the Situations Regarding Resources 6.2.2 Analysis of the Environmental Situation 6.3 Policy Options for Strengthening Rural Ecological Governance 6.3.1 Mechanisms for the Appraisal of the Performance Ofgovernment Officials 6.3.2 Improving the Evaluation System of Economic and Social Development 6.3.3 Strictest Farmland Protection System 6.3.4 Strictest Water Resource Management System 6.3.5 Strictest Environmental Protection System 6.3.6 Paid Use of Resources and a System of Ecological Compensation 6.3.7 Accountability System for Ecological Environmental Protection 6.3.8 A Compensation System for Environmental Damage Reference 7 Study on the Simulation Model of the System Dynamics of Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Establishment of the System for the Evaluation of the Indicators of the Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity 7.2.1 Principles for the Establishment of the System of Indicators 7.2.2 Framework of the System of Indicators 7.3 Study of the System of Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity 7.3.1 Relationships Among the Factors of the System of Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity 7.3.2 Establishment of the SD Model Equations for the Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity 7.4 Analysis of the Results of the Simulation of the Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity SD Model System of Hohhot 7.5 Conclusions and Suggestions References 8 Construction and Practice of the Mechanism for Public Participation for Ecological Civilization Construction Based on the TAM Model 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Literature Review 8.3 Model and Hypotheses 8.3.1 Research Model 8.3.2 Research Hypotheses 8.4 Empirical Results 8.4.1 Descriptive Statistics 8.4.2 Analysis of Reliability and Validity 8.4.3 Goodness-Of-Fit Test 8.4.4 Path Test 8.5 Establishment of the Mechanism for Participation 8.6 Suggestions and Countermeasures 8.6.1 Formulating a Master Plan to Strengthen the Safeguards of the Construction of an Ecological Civilization 8.6.2 Using New Media to Strengthen the Publicity of the Construction of an Ecological Civilization 8.6.3 Evaluation and Incentive to Enhance the Effect of Participation in the Construction of an Ecological Civilization 8.6.4 Diversified Forms to Showcase the Progress of the Construction of an Ecological Civilization References 9 Study on the Ecological Footprint of Tourism in the Beijing Jiufeng National Forest Park Based on the Component Method 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Overview of Jiufeng National Forest Park and Methods of Calculation 9.2.1 Overview of Jiufeng National Forest Park 9.2.2 Methods of Calculation 9.3 Sources of the Data 9.4 Analysis of the Results 9.4.1 The Ecological Footprint from Tourism 9.4.2 Calculation of the Ecological Carrying Capacity of Tourism 9.5 Conclusions and Suggestions 9.5.1 Main Conclusions 9.5.2 Policy Suggestions References 10 Study on the EKC Characteristics of Regional Industrial Pollution Emissions in an Open Economic Environment 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Research Design 10.2.1 Model Building 10.2.2 Variable Measurement and Data Source 10.3 Empirical Analysis 10.3.1 Model Regression 10.3.2 Regression Results 10.4 Conclusions and Implications Reference 11 Study on the Ecological Capital Investment Against the Background of Ecological Governance 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Principle Analysis of Ecological Capital Investment 11.2.1 Basic Elements of Agricultural Ecological Capital Investment 11.2.2 Main Models of Ecological Capital Investment 11.2.3 Value Composition of Ecological Capital Investment 11.2.4 Conversion Processes of Ecological Capital Investment Value 11.3 Options of Paths to Follow to Reach Agricultural Ecological Capital Investment 11.3.1 The Ecological Path 11.3.2 The Economic Path 12 Altruistic Cooperative Governance of Common Resources and Its Institutional Improvements 12.1 Self-interest Perspective of the Cooperative Governance Order of Common Resources 12.2 Human Altruism and the Hierarchy of Altruistic Cooperative Governance of Common Resources 12.2.1 Kin Altruism of Cooperative Governance 12.2.2 Reciprocal Altruism of Cooperative Governance 12.2.3 Pure Altruism of Cooperative Governance 12.2.4 Altruistic Punishment of Cooperative Governance 12.3 The Game Model of Altruistic Cooperative Governance of Common Resources 12.4 Institutional Improvements in Altruistic Cooperative Governance of Common Resources 12.4.1 Establishment of a Self-interest Monitoring and Punishment Mechanism 12.4.2 Establishment of a Protection and Reward Mechanism for Altruists 12.4.3 Establishment of a Fair and Equitable Cooperation Cost and Surplus Sharing Mechanism Reference 13 Analysis of the Efficiency of Forestry Production and Convergence in China’s Four Major Forest Areas Based on the Perspective of Carbon Sequestration Benefits 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Research Method and Variable Selection 13.2.1 Introduction to the DEA-Malmquist Method 13.2.2 Variable Selection and Description 13.3 Empirical Analysis 13.3.1 Calculation of the Value of Carbon Sequestration in China’s Four Major Forest Areas 13.3.2 Analysis of the Efficiency of Forestry Production 13.4 Convergence Analysis of the Efficiency of Forestry Production 13.4.1 Method of Convergence Test 13.4.2 σ Convergence Test 13.4.3 β Convergence Test 13.5 Conclusions and Policy Implications 13.5.1 Main Conclusions 13.5.2 Policy Implications