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What sets Laravel apart from other PHP web frameworks? Speed and simplicity, for starters. This rapid application development framework and its ecosystem of tools let you quickly build new sites and applications with clean, readable code. Fully updated to include Laravel 10, the third edition of this practical guide provides the definitive introduction to one of today's most popular web frameworks. Matt Stauffer, a leading teacher and developer in the Laravel community, delivers a high-level overview and concrete examples to help experienced PHP web developers get started with this framework right away. This updated edition covers the entirely new auth and frontend tooling and other first-party tools introduced since the second edition. Dive into features, including: - Blade, Laravel's powerful custom templating tool - Tools for gathering, validating, normalizing, and filtering user-provided data - The Eloquent ORM for working with application... Preface What This Book Is About Who This Book Is For How This Book Is Structured About the Third Edition Conventions Used in This Book O’Reilly Online Learning How to Contact Us Acknowledgements 1. Why Laravel? Why Use a Framework? “I’ll Just Build It Myself” Consistency and Flexibility A Short History of Web and PHP Frameworks Ruby on Rails The Influx of PHP Frameworks The Good and the Bad of CodeIgniter Laravel 1, 2, and 3 Laravel 4 Laravel 5 Laravel 6 Laravel Versions in the New SemVer World (6+) What’s So Special About Laravel? The Philosophy of Laravel How Laravel Achieves Developer Happiness The Laravel Community How It Works Why Laravel? 2. Setting Up a Laravel Development Environment System Requirements Composer Local Development Environments Artisan Serve Laravel Sail Laravel Valet Laravel Herd Laravel Homestead Creating a New Laravel Project Installing Laravel with the Laravel Installer Tool Installing Laravel with Composer’s create-project Feature Installing Laravel with Sail Laravel’s Directory Structure The Folders The Loose Files Configuration The .env File Up and Running Testing TL;DR 3. Routing and Controllers A Quick Introduction to MVC, the HTTP Verbs, and REST What Is MVC? The HTTP Verbs What Is REST? Route Definitions Route Verbs Route Handling Route Parameters Route Names Route Groups Middleware Path Prefixes Subdomain Routing Name Prefixes Route Group Controllers Fallback Routes Signed Routes Signing a Route Modifying Routes to Allow Signed Links Views Returning Simple Routes Directly with Route::view() Using View Composers to Share Variables with Every View Controllers Getting User Input Injecting Dependencies into Controllers Resource Controllers The methods of Laravel’s resource controllers Binding a resource controller API Resource Controllers Single Action Controllers Route Model Binding Implicit Route Model Binding Custom Route Model Binding Route Caching Form Method Spoofing HTTP Verbs in Laravel HTTP Method Spoofing in HTML Forms CSRF Protection Redirects redirect()->to() redirect()->route() redirect()->back() Other Redirect Methods redirect()->with() Aborting the Request Custom Responses response()->make() response()->json() and ->jsonp() response()->download(), ->streamDownload(), and ->file() Testing TL;DR 4. Blade Templating Echoing Data Control Structures Conditionals @if @unless and @endunless Loops @for, @foreach, and @while @forelse and @endforelse Template Inheritance Defining Sections with @section/@show and @yield @extends @section and @endsection @parent Including View Partials @include @each Using Components Creating components Passing data into components Passing data into components via attributes Passing data into components via slots Component methods Attributes grab bag Using Stacks View Composers and Service Injection Binding Data to Views Using View Composers Sharing a variable globally View-scoped view composers with closures View-scoped view composers with classes Blade Service Injection Custom Blade Directives Parameters in Custom Blade Directives Example: Using Custom Blade Directives for a Multitenant App Easier Custom Directives for “if” Statements Testing TL;DR 5. Databases and Eloquent Configuration Database Connections URL Configurations Other Database Configuration Options Migrations Defining Migrations Creating a migration Creating tables Creating columns Building extra properties fluently Dropping tables Modifying columns Squashing migrations Indexes and foreign keys Adding indexes Removing indexes Adding and removing foreign keys Running Migrations Inspecting Your Database Seeding Creating a Seeder Model Factories Creating a model factory Using a model factory Overriding properties when calling a model factory Generating more than one instance with a model factory Pro-level model factories Attaching relationships when defining model factories Attaching related items when generating model factory instances Defining and accessing multiple model factory states Using the same model as the relationship in complex factory Setups Query Builder Basic Usage of the DB Facade Raw SQL Raw selects Parameter bindings and named bindings Raw inserts Raw updates Raw deletes Chaining with the Query Builder Constraining methods Modifying methods Conditional methods Ending/returning methods Writing raw queries inside query builder methods with DB::raw Joins Unions Inserts Updates Deletes JSON operations Transactions Introduction to Eloquent Creating and Defining Eloquent Models Table name Primary key Timestamps Retrieving Data with Eloquent Get one Get many Chunking responses with chunk() Aggregates Inserts and Updates with Eloquent Inserts Updates Mass assignment firstOrCreate() and firstOrNew() Deleting with Eloquent Normal deletes Soft deletes Enabling soft deletes Querying with soft deletes Restoring soft-deleted entities Force-deleting soft-deleted entities Scopes Local scopes Global scopes Removing global scopes Customizing Field Interactions with Accessors, Mutators, and Attribute Casting Accessors Mutators Attribute casting Custom attribute casting Eloquent Collections Introducing the base collection Lazy collections What eloquent collections add Eloquent Serialization Returning models directly from route methods Hiding attributes from JSON Eloquent Relationships One to one One to many Using relationships as query builders Selecting only records that have a related item Has one of many Has many through Has one through Many to many Getting data from the pivot table Polymorphic Many-to-many polymorphic Child records updating parent record timestamps Eager Loading Constraining eager loads Lazy eager loading Preventing lazy loading Eager loading only the count Eloquent Events Testing TL;DR 6. Frontend Components Laravel Starter Kits Laravel Breeze Installing Breeze What comes with Breeze Laravel Jetstream Installing Jetstream What comes with Jetstream Customizing your jetstream install Further Jetstream features Laravel’s Vite Configuration Bundling Files with Vite The Vite Dev Server Working with Static Assets and Vite Working with JavaScript Frameworks and Vite Vite and Vue Vite and React Vite and Inertia Vite and SPAs Using Environment Variables in Vite Pagination Paginating Database Results Manually Creating Paginators Message Bags String Helpers, Pluralization, and Localization The String Helpers and Pluralization Localization Basic localization Parameters in localization Pluralization in localization Storing the default string as the key with JSON Testing Testing Message and Error Bags Translation and Localization Disabling Vite in Testing TL;DR 7. Collecting and Handling User Data Injecting a Request Object $request->all() $request->except() and ->only() $request->has() and ->missing() $request->whenHas() $request->filled() $request->whenFilled() $request->mergeIfMissing() $request->input() $request->method() and ->isMethod() $request->integer(), ->float(), ->string(), and ->enum() $request->dump() and ->dd() Array Input JSON Input (and $request->json()) Route Data From Request From Route Parameters Uploaded Files Validation validate() on the Request Object More on Laravel’s Validation Rules Manual Validation Using Validated Data Custom Rule Objects Displaying Validation Error Messages Form Requests Creating a Form Request Using a Form Request Eloquent Model Mass Assignment {{ Versus {!! Testing TL;DR 8. Artisan and Tinker An Introduction to Artisan Basic Artisan Commands Options The Grouped Commands Writing Custom Artisan Commands A Sample Command Arguments and Options Arguments—required, optional, and/or with defaults Options—required values, value defaults, and shortcuts Array arguments and array options Input descriptions Using Input argument() and arguments() option() and options() Prompts Output Table output Progress bars Writing Closure-Based Commands Calling Artisan Commands in Normal Code Tinker Laravel Dump Server Customizing Generator Stubs Testing TL;DR 9. User Authentication and Authorization The User Model and Migration Using the auth() Global Helper and the Auth Facade routes/auth.php, Auth Controllers, and Auth Actions Breeze and Jetstream’s Frontend Templates “Remember Me” Password Confirmation Manually Authenticating Users Manually Logging Out a User Invalidating Sessions on Other Devices Auth Middleware Email Verification Blade Authentication Directives Guards Changing the Default Guard Using Other Guards Without Changing the Default Adding a New Guard Closure Request Guards Creating a Custom User Provider Custom User Providers for Nonrelational Databases Auth Events Authorization and Roles Defining Authorization Rules The Gate Facade (and Injecting Gate) Resource Gates The Authorize Middleware Controller Authorization Checking the User Instance Blade Checks Intercepting Checks Policies Generating policies Checking policies Overriding policies Testing TL;DR 10. Requests, Responses, and Middleware Laravel’s Request Lifecycle Bootstrapping the Application Service Providers The Request Object Getting a Request Object in Laravel Getting Basic Information About a Request Basic user input User and request state Files Persistence The Response Object Using and Creating Response Objects in Controllers Setting headers Adding cookies Specialized Response Types View responses Download responses File responses JSON responses Redirect responses Custom response macros The responsable interface Laravel and Middleware An Introduction to Middleware Creating Custom Middleware Understanding middleware’s handle() method Binding Middleware Binding global middleware Binding route middleware Using middleware groups Passing Parameters to Middleware Default Middleware Maintenance Mode Rate Limiting Trusted Proxies CORS Testing TL;DR 11. The Container A Quick Introduction to Dependency Injection Dependency Injection and Laravel The app() Global Helper How the Container Is Wired Binding Classes to the Container Binding to a Closure Binding to Singletons, Aliases, and Instances Binding a Concrete Instance to an Interface Contextual Binding Constructor Injection in Laravel Framework Files Method Injection Facades and the Container How Facades Work Real-Time Facades Service Providers Testing TL;DR 12. Testing Testing Basics Naming Tests The Testing Environment The Testing Traits RefreshDatabase DatabaseMigrations DatabaseTransactions WithoutMiddleware Simple Unit Tests Application Testing: How It Works HTTP Tests Testing Basic Pages with $this->get() and Other HTTP Calls Testing JSON APIs with $this->getJson() and Other JSON HTTP Calls Assertions Against $response Authenticating Responses A Few Other Customizations to Your HTTP Tests Handling Exceptions in Application Tests Debugging Responses Database Tests Asserting Against the Database Asserting Against Eloquent Models Using Model Factories in Tests Seeding in Tests Testing Other Laravel Systems Event Fakes Bus and Queue Fakes Mail Fakes Notification Fakes Storage Fakes Working with Time in Tests Mocking A Quick Introduction to Mocking A Quick Introduction to Mockery Faking Other Facades Testing Artisan Commands Parallel Testing Browser Tests Choosing a Tool Testing with Dusk Installing Dusk Writing Dusk tests Authentication and databases Interactions with the page Waiting Other Assertions Other organizational structures Pages Components Pest TL;DR 13. Writing APIs The Basics of REST-Like JSON APIs Controller Organization and JSON Returns Reading and Sending Headers Sending Response Headers in Laravel Reading Request Headers in Laravel Eloquent Pagination Sorting and Filtering Sorting Your API Results Filtering Your API Results Transforming Results API Resources Creating a Resource Class Resource Collections Nesting Relationships Using Pagination with API Resources Conditionally Applying Attributes More Customizations for API Resources API Authentication API Authentication with Sanctum Installing Sanctum Issuing Sanctum tokens manually Sanctum token abilities SPA authentication Laravel app preparation SPA app preparation Mobile app authentication Further configuration and debugging API Authentication with Laravel Passport A brief introduction to OAuth 2.0 Installing Passport Passport’s API Passport’s available grant types Password grant Authorization code grant Personal access tokens Tokens from Laravel session authentication (synchronizer tokens) Passport scopes Deploying Passport Customizing 404 Responses Triggering the Fallback Route Testing Testing Passport TL;DR 14. Storage and Retrieval Local and Cloud File Managers Configuring File Access Using the Storage Facade Adding Additional Flysystem Providers Basic File Uploads and Manipulation Simple File Downloads Sessions Accessing the Session Methods Available on Session Instances Flash Session Storage Cache Accessing the Cache Methods Available on Cache Instances Cookies Cookies in Laravel Accessing the Cookie Tools The cookie facade The cookie() global helper Cookies on Request and Response objects Reading cookies from Request objects Setting cookies on Response objects Logging When and Why to Use Logs Writing to the Logs Log Channels The single channel The daily channel The Slack channel The stack channel Writing to specific log channels Full-Text Search with Laravel Scout Installing Scout Marking Your Model for Indexing Searching Your Index Queues and Scout Performing Operations Without Indexing Conditionally Indexing Models Manually Triggering Indexing via Code Manually Triggering Indexing via the CLI The HTTP Client Using the HTTP Facade Handling Errors and Timeouts and Checking Statuses Testing File Storage Uploading fake files Returning fake files Session Cache Cookies Log Scout HTTP Client TL;DR 15. Mail and Notifications Mail Basic “Mailable” Mail Usage Mail Templates Methods Available in envelope() Attaching Files and Inlining Images Attachable mail objects Inlining images Markdown Mailables Rendering Mailables to the Browser Queues Local Development The log driver Fake inboxes Mailtrap Mailpit Notifications Defining the via() Method for Your Notifiables Sending Notifications Sending notifications using the notification facade Sending notifications using the notifiable trait Queueing Notifications Out-of-the-Box Notification Types Email notifications Database notifications Broadcast notifications SMS notifications Slack notifications Other notifications Testing Mail Asserting against the mail Asserting whether the mail was sent Notifications TL;DR 16. Queues, Jobs, Events, Broadcasting, and the Scheduler Queues Why Queues? Basic Queue Configuration Queued Jobs Creating a job Pushing a job onto a queue Customizing the connection Customizing the queue Customizing the delay Job chaining Job batching Dispatching batchable jobs Adding jobs to batches from a job Cancelling a batch Batch failures Cleaning up the batches table Running a Queue Worker Handling Errors Exceptions in handling Limiting the number of tries Job-based retry delay Job middleware Rate limiting middleware for jobs Handling failed jobs Controlling the Queue Queues Supporting Other Functions Laravel Horizon Events Firing an Event Listening for an Event Automatic event discovery Event subscribers Broadcasting Events Over WebSockets, and Laravel Echo Configuration and Setup Broadcasting an Event Receiving the Message Advanced Broadcasting Tools Excluding the current user from broadcast events The broadcast service provider Binding authorization definitions for WebSocket channels Laravel Echo (the JavaScript Side) Bringing Echo into your project Using Echo for basic event broadcasting Private channels and basic authentication Presence channels Excluding the current user Subscribing to notifications with Echo Client events Scheduler Available Task Types Available Time Frames Defining Time Zones for Scheduled Commands Blocking and Overlap Handling Task Output Task Hooks Running the Scheduler in Local Development Testing TL;DR 17. Helpers and Collections Helpers Arrays Strings Application Paths URLs Miscellaneous Collections The Basics A Few Collection Operations TL;DR 18. The Laravel Ecosystem Tools Covered in This Book Valet Homestead Herd The Laravel Installer Dusk Passport Sail Sanctum Fortify Breeze Jetstream Horizon Echo Tools Not Covered in This Book Forge Vapor Envoyer Cashier Socialite Nova Spark Envoy Telescope Octane Pennant Folio Volt Pint Other Resources Glossary Index "What sets Laravel apart from other PHP web frameworks? Speed and simplicity, for starters. This rapid application development framework and its ecosystem of tools let you quickly build new sites and applications with clean, readable code. Fully updated to cover Laravel 5.8, the second edition of this practical guide provides the definitive introduction to one of today's most popular web frameworks. Matt Stauffer, a leading teacher and developer in the Laravel community, delivers a high-level overview and concrete examples to help experienced PHP web developers get started with this framework right away. This updated edition also covers Laravel Dusk and Horizon and provides information about community resources and other noncore Laravel packages. Dive into features, including: Blade, Laravel's powerful custom templating tool ; Tools for gathering, validating, normalizing, and filtering user-provided data ; The Eloquent ORM for working with application databases ; The role of the Illuminate request object in the application lifecycle ; PHPUnit, Mockery, and Dusk for testing you PHP code ; Tools for writing JSON and RESTful APIs ; Interfaces for filesystem access, sessions, cookies, caches, and search ; Tools for implementing queues, jobs, events, and WebSocket event publishing."--Page 4 of cover What sets Laravel apart from other PHP web frameworks? Speed and simplicity, for starters. This rapid application development framework and its ecosystem of tools let you quickly build new sites and applications with clean, readable code. Fully updated to cover Laravel 5.8, the second edition of this practical guide provides the definitive introduction to one of today's mostpopular web frameworks.Matt Stauffer, a leading teacher and developer in the Laravel community, delivers a high-level overview and concrete examples to help experienced PHP web developers get started with this framework right away. This updated edition also covers Laravel Dusk and Horizon and provides information about community resources and other noncore Laravel packages.Dive into features, including:Blade, Laravel's powerful custom templating toolTools for gathering, validating, normalizing, and filtering user-provideddataThe Eloquent ORM for working with application databasesThe role of the Illuminate request object in the application lifecyclePHPUnit, Mockery, and Dusk for testing your PHP codeTools for writing JSON and RESTful APIsInterfaces for filesystem access, sessions, cookies, caches, and searchTools for implementing queues, jobs, events, and WebSocket event publishing