Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground: Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of ... Cambridge, United Kingdom, 27-29 June 2022 Mohammed Elshafie (editor), Giulia Viggiani (editor), Robert Mair (

Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground comprises a collection of 112 papers, the Fujita Lecture, three Special Lectures and the Bright Spark Lecture presented at the Tenth International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, held in Cambridge, United Kingdom, 27-29 June 2022. This second edition includes four general reports on the symposium themes. The symposium is the latest in a series which began in New Delhi in 1994, and was followed by symposia in London (1996), Tokyo (1999), Toulouse (2002), Amsterdam (2005), Shanghai (2008), Rome (2011), Seoul (2014) and Sao Paulo (2017). This was organised by the Geotechnical Research Group at the University of Cambridge, under the auspices of the Technical Committee TC204 of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE). Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground includes contributions from more than 25 countries on research, design and construction of underground works in soft ground. The contributions cover: Field case studies Sensing technologies and monitoring for underground construction in soft ground Physical and numerical modelling of tunnels and deep excavations in soft ground Seismic response of underground infrastructure in soft ground Design and application of ground improvement for underground construction Ground movements, interaction with existing structures and mitigation measures The general reports give an overview of the papers submitted to the symposium, covered in four technical sessions. The proceedings include the written version of the five invited lectures covering topics ranging from developments in geotechnical aspects of underground construction, tunnelling and groundwater interaction (short and long-term effects), the influence of earth pressure balance shield tunnelling on pre-convergence and segmental liner loading (field observations, modelling and implications on design). Similar to previous editions, Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground represents a valuable source of reference on the current practice of analysis, design, and construction of tunnels and deep excavations in soft ground. The book is particularly aimed at academics and professionals interested in geotechnical and underground engineering. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of contents Preface to the current edition Organisation Sponsors Field case studies and sensing technologies Ovalisation of cast-iron tunnels in response to nearby tunneling work Lubrication characteristics of pipejacking in soft alluvial deposits Arecent subway construction incident in soft alluvial deposits of Taiwan Settlements due to tunneling in the City of São Paulo Evaluation of geological/geotechnical geostatistical models for tunneling applications Pillar uplift observed in braced excavation of asubway station Solution implementation for atunnel collapse in aweak embankment soil: The case of the Ali Boumendjel Metro station, Algiers, Algeria Design of large twin-wall cofferdams for ship impact Design of large temporary works ship impact protection structures Large-scale improvement work of subway stations in soft ground Comparison between predicted and measured performance of adeep excavation in soft clay in Gothenburg, Sweden Grouting for the rescue of stuck TBM in conglomerate boulder layer Tunnelling in urban areas and pile interception challenges – a case study: Bank station upgrade project (BSCU) Impacts of new development on existing underground assets using greenfield model Cementitious systems with carbon nanomaterials for underground infrastructure Pipe jacking tunnel construction crossing the Bang Pakong River Nine Elms Station substructure– implementation of the Observational Method by progressive modification Evaluation of InSAR data for measuring the surface settlement during shield tunnel construction of the North-South Line in Amsterdam Deep excavations for buildings in the Sabana Formation Bogota EPB tunneling and shaft construction in soft deltaic deposits for arailway link to Barcelona airport Use of jet grouted columns for deepening of basements and underpinning existing structures at Valkyrien in Oslo Settlements induced by EPB TBMs tunneling, acase study of theoretical and monitoring values Monitoring of an existing concrete-lined tunnel at CERN excavated in the molasse rock Achieving sustainability in tunnelling through innovation Measured post-construction ground response to EPBM tunnelling in London Clay Gilgel Gibe II hydropower project in Ethiopia; TBM Tunnelling, when the rock turns into mud: Analysis of amajor collapse, its causes and solutions Modelling and testing of tunnels and deep excavations in soft ground Torque estimation for tunnel boring machine design in soft ground Variability of soil stress-strain non-linearity for use in MSD analyses evaluated using databases of triaxial tests on fine-grained soils Asymmetric pressure distribution in EPB shields: Evaluation of measurements and numerical simulations Pore pressures in front of aslurry TBM, the influence of plastering mechanisms Face pressure and volume loss relationships for pressurized tunneling in granular soils Albert Embankment: Design of deep excavations in the River Thames foreshore Centrifuge and numerical modelling of the influence of structural stiffness on basement heave in over-consolidated clay Influence of TBM geometry on lining loads of deep tunnels Development of anew excavation technique for centrifuge testing in sand Interpretation of soil parameters used for numerical analysis with small strain model for deep excavation in loose to medium dense sand Prediction of damage intensity of reinforced concrete tunnels and soil against blast loading EPB-TBM tunnel under internal pressure: Assessment of serviceability Arisk assessment of downdrag induced by reconsolidation of clays after upwards pipe jacking Small-scale modelling of pile drilling in sand– investigation of the influence on surrounding ground Excavation of an artificial tunnel using compressed air The use of adaptive smoothed finite-element limit analysis to seismic stability of tunnels Upper bound analysis of seismic stability of tunnels using cell-based smoothed finite element Investigation of the seismic performance of the complicated tunnel sections with non-uniform heights Influence of the annulus grout on the soil-lining interaction for EBP tunneling Long term additional load on ashield tunnel in soft clay due to clay consolidation with water leakage Astudy of a strut-free excavation system in deep excavations Increasing the passive resistance of deep excavations in very soft soils to mitigate ground movements through centrifuge modelling Machine learning algorithms applied to the blowout susceptibility estimation around pressurized cavities in drained soil Specifying and testing fibre reinforced sprayed concrete: Advantages and challenges of some testing methods Undrained seismic response of tunnels Preliminary evidences on the influence of grains micro-structural features on the TBM tools wear Front-face pressure drop during the standstill phase for EPB mechanized tunnelling in coarse-grained soils Aminiature EPB TBM for use in ageotechnical centrifuge Urban tunnelling in glacial soils: Tunnel de Champel, Geneva Simplified stress-strain models applied to data from triaxial and pressuremeter tests on London Clay Propped cantilever wall stability design with the ‘What You Design Is What You Get’ method– background and development Multi-objective optimisation design for composite tunnel linings using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Support pressure transfer at aslurry supported tunnel face due to time dependent decrease of soil permeability SEM deformation prediction and observation by 3D numerical analysis Face stability of slurry shield-driven tunnel in an aquifer Numerical analysis of Double-O-Tube shield tunneling in Shanghai Physical modelling of transient processes at the slurry supported tunnel face during shield excavation Ground movements, interaction with existing structures and mitigation measures Interaction between anewly excavated underground ramp and deep existing tunnels Pile driving interaction with existing tunnel Numerical modelling of framed structures with masonry infills affected by tunnelling-induced deformation and damage Analytical investigation for the circumferential behavior of the shield-driven tunnel adjacent to abraced excavation Winkler model for axial deformation of compressible piles due to tunnelling Bayesian inference for deep excavations An underground excavation in Barcelona and its interaction with existing structures Equivalent frame model for the assessment of tunnel-induced damage to masonry buildings Use of underpinning, horizontal jet grouting and ground freezing for ground stabilization to control settlement of existing MRT tunnels during construction of a link-way and railway tunnels for anew MRT line in Singapore Tunnel lining behaviors of close proximity large diameter parallel shield tunnels Bolu NATM Tunnel, changes to the support system due to soft ground conditions and deformation Use of spile umbrellas to reduce deformation Modified gap method for prediction of TBM tunnelling-induced soil settlement in sand - acase study Long-term behaviour of ground around tunnel due to groundwater level fluctuations Numerical investigation into time-dependent effects on short-term tunnelling-induced ground response in London Clay Semi-coupled modelling of soil-structure interaction during tunnel construction: Two case studies from Bank Station Capacity Upgrade Centrifuge tests on tunnel-building interaction in liquefiable soil The effect of deep excavation on existing railway tunnel Simplified modelling of the transient response of underground structures due to dynamic loads generated from underground tunnels Mapping the risk of building damage due to excavation-induced displacements Anew approach for compensation grouting in highly permeable gravel Acase study on the effects of anchor drilling in soft, low sensitive clay and sandy, silty soils Prediction of long-term settlement in shield tunnel using GA-BP neural network Tunnelling through apiled foundation: Interaction effects The use of protective structures to reduce tunnelling induced damage to buildings Evaluation method on ground movement using continuum ground model The response of the Europier Terminal Building to the excavation of the T2B basement at Heathrow Airport Longitudinal structural deformation of shield tunnels induced by overlying excavation Simulating the water-soil leakage induced deformation around the shield tunnel with material point method Influencing factors and protection technologies of underground diaphragm wall and deep foundation pit construction on metro station Acentrifuge modelling study on the effect of foundation configuration on tunnel-frame interaction Modelling ground response to TBM tunnelling with active face support Tunnel face stability considering drainage and surface settlements Impact of subsoil spatial variability on deformations of immersed tunnel Coupled elastoplastic analysis of the soil-pile foundation interaction induced by deep excavations Design and application of ground improvement for underground construction Microcapsule-based self-healing cement stabilised clay Application of biopolymer hydrogel for ground hydraulic conductivity control under pressurized conditions Soil enhancement via microbially induced calcite precipitation Base grouting against uplifting water for adeep excavation in Taipei basin The largest tunnels in freshly consolidated soft soil: Tuen Mun Chek Lap Kok Link Subsea tunnels, Hong-Kong Soil conditioning for EPB tunnelling in coarse grained soils based on laboratory model tests Influence of mineral or polymeric modification on bentonite-based tunnel face support Compensation grouting for conventional tunnelling with low overburden at the Oberau Bypass Tunnel Parameter selection for ground improvement works: Lessons from aninstrumented site and numerical analysis Jet grouting for tunnelling at London Victoria station Unconfined compressive strength of sand-fines mixtures treated with chemical grouts Permeability characteristics of coarse-grained soil conditioned with foam for EPB shield tunnelling Stabilisation of Singapore soft marine clay using anovel sustainable binder for underground construction Experimental study of pore water pressure development in soil when foam infiltrates into saturated sand Author Index Copyright Title Page Dedication Contents Chapter 1: ‘I’m thinking’ – Oh, but are you? Chapter 2: Renegade perception Chapter 3: The Pushbacker sting Chapter 4: ‘Covid’: The calculated catastrophe Chapter 5: There is no ‘virus’ Chapter 6: Sequence of deceit Chapter 7: War on your mind Chapter 8: ‘Reframing’ insanity Chapter 9: We must have it? So what is it? Chapter 10: Human 2.0 Chapter 11: Who controls the Cult? Chapter 12: Escaping Wetiko Postscript Appendix: Cowan-Kaufman-Morell Statement on Virus Isolation Bibliography Index Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground comprises a collection of 112 papers, four general reports on the symposium themes, the Fujita Lecture, three Special Lectures and the Bright Spark Lecture presented at the Tenth International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, held in Cambridge, United Kingdom, 27-29 June 2022.The symposium is the latest in a series which began in New Delhi in 1994, and was followed by symposia in London (1996), Tokyo (1999), Toulouse (2002), Amsterdam (2005), Shanghai (2008), Rome (2011), Seoul (2014) and Sao Paulo (2017). This was organised by the Geotechnical Research Group at the University of Cambridge, under the auspices of the Technical Committee TC204 of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE).Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground includes contributions from more than 25 countries on research, design and construction of underground works in soft ground. The contributions cover: Field case studies Sensing technologies and monitoring for underground construction in soft ground Physical and numerical modelling of tunnels and deep excavations in soft ground Seismic response of underground infrastructure in soft ground Design and application of ground improvement for underground construction Ground movements, interaction with existing structures and mitigation measures The general reports give an overview of the papers submitted to the symposium, covered in four technical sessions. The proceedings include the written version of the five invited lectures covering topics ranging from developments in geotechnical aspects of underground construction, tunnelling and groundwater interaction (short and long-term effects), the influence of earth pressure balance shield tunnelling on pre-convergence and segmental liner loading (field observations, modelling and implications on design).Similar to previous editions, Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground represents a valuable source of reference on the current practice of analysis, design, and construction of tunnels and deep excavations in soft ground. The book is particularly aimed at academics and professionals interested in geotechnical and underground engineering