Geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing for design, manufacturing and inspection : ǂa ǂhandbook for geometrical product specification using ISO and ASME standards

Geometrical Dimensioning and Tolerancing for Design, Manufacturing and Inspection: A Handbook for Geometrical Product Specification Using ISO and ASME Standards, Third Edition presents the state-of-the art in geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing. The book describes the international standardization in this field while also indicating how it differs from the American Standard ASME Y14.5M. The general principles of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing are described, helping users define precision-related specifications unambiguously and consistently with the constraints of the manufacturing and inspection processes. Principles for the inspection of geometrical deviations are given, along with a basis for tolerancing suitable for inspection. Since publication of the second edition of this book in 2006 more than ten ISO GPS standards have been revised, involving the introduction of new symbols and concepts, and in many cases default interpretation of the tolerance indicators have changed, in addition two new versions of American standard ASME Y14.5 (2009 and 2018) have appeared. This book is an ideal introduction to geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing for students, and an essential reference for researchers and practitioners in the fields of design, manufacturing and inspection. Reflects the latest ISO standards up to 2019 and ASME Y14.5 –2018 Presents the rules and cases of geometric tolerances that are clearly explained with a wealth of examples and application cases presented with excellent technical drawings Covers tolerancing methods for specific manufacturing processes Includes a detailed chapter that covers everything a practitioner needs to know about the inspection of geometric tolerances Front-Matt_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manufac Front Matter Copyrig_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manufactur Copyright Author-Biogr_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manuf Author Biography Prefac_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manufacturi Preface Notatio_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manufactur Notation Subscripts Abbreviati_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manufac Abbreviations ISO-Drawing-R_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manu ISO Drawing Rules Text-Equival_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manuf Text Equivalents Chapter-1---Ge_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Man General Properties of the surface Principles for tolerancing Chapter-2---ISO-Geometrical-Produ_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Toleranc ISO Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS), New Approach ISO GPS standards, overview, GPS matrix ISO GPS standards overview GPS matrix Terms and definitions Filters Datums Principle of independency and or Conformance rule New approach principles and rules Application of the new approach Chapter-3---Basics-of-Geom_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for Basics of Geometrical Tolerancing Symbols Definitions of geometrical tolerances General General types of geometrical tolerances, ISO defaults Geometric tolerances Location tolerances of integral surfaces ISO defaults ISO non-defaults (specials) Orientation tolerances of integral features ISO defaults ISO non-defaults (specials) Angular size tolerances Form tolerances of integral surfaces ISO defaults ISO non-defaults (specials) Tolerances of integral lines Form tolerances of integral lines, ISO defaults ISO non-defaults (specials) Orientation and location tolerances of integral lines Run-out tolerances Radial run-out tolerances Axial run-out tolerances Run-out tolerances in any direction Location tolerances of derived features ISO defaults ISO non-defaults (specials) Orientation tolerances for derived features, ISO defaults Form tolerances of derived features, ISO defaults Datums General Datum targets Change of the datum system Interchanging of toleranced feature and datum Inspection appropriate tolerancing Flexible parts Decomposition of measurement results Vectorial dimensioning and tolerancing VD&T Chapter-4---Size-T_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design- Size Tolerancing Linear sizes Equal thickness Envelope requirement Definition, history Application of the envelope requirement Tolerancing principle Maximum material requirement Definitions Description of the maximum material requirement Application of the maximum material requirement General Maximum material requirement for the toleranced feature Maximum material requirement 0 Comparison of 0.1 and 0 Maximum material requirement for the datum Reciprocity requirement together with the maximum material requirement Education Tolerance chains (accumulation of tolerances) Least material requirement Definitions Description of least material requirement Application of least material requirement General Least material requirement for the toleranced feature Least material requirement for the datum Reciprocity requirement together with the least material requirement Statistical tolerancing Population specifications Angular sizes Chapter-5---Position_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Desig Position Tolerancing Definitions Theoretically exact dimensions, CZ, SZ, SIM, ± tolerances Form of the position tolerance zone Calculation of position tolerances Projected tolerance zones Further examples Holes for fasteners Counterbores Holes in a line Group of holes with and without datum hole Crossed axes Different location tolerances for different features drawn on the same centre line Toleranced coplanar and coaxial feature and datum Planar surface as datum for a position tolerance, with offset Sequence and maximum material requirement for datums Datum systems with and without Coaxial shafts (e.g. for bearings) Coaxial holes (e.g. for hinges, bearings) Hexagon fit Splines Plug and socket Spacings Minimum wall thickness Keyways Rings and bushes Rectangular fit Kinematics Maximum material requirement, application Chapter-6---Profile-_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Desig Profile Tolerancing Definitions Further examples Complex surface Window Perpendicularity Groups Inclined surface Stock material Wedges Cones Fits Chapter-7-----Tolerancing-_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for ± Tolerancing, General Tolerancing General Sizes Non-sizes Steps Centre distances Radii tolerances Contours Chain dimensioning Profile tolerances, position tolerances instead of ± tolerances, advantages General tolerances Further general tolerances General tolerances for plastic parts General tolerances for metallic castings Multiple general tolerances on the same part General size tolerances General tolerances according to ISO 2768 Chapter-8---Recommended-Pro_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-fo Recommended Procedure for Tolerancing General Dimensioning Chapter-9---Toleranc_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Desig Tolerancing of Edges Edges of undefined shape Transitions (edges of defined shape) Chapter-10---Tolerancing-o_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for Tolerancing of Metallic Castings General Additional symbols and definitions Calculating of the moulded nominal dimension Calculation of the minimum wall thickness Calculation of the moulded nominal dimensions when the datum system is changed for the machined surfaces General tolerances for castings Drawings for ordering castings Castings remaining as moulded Casting ordered as moulded, planned machining later Casting ordered as premachined Casting ordered as moulded by final machined drawing Casting ordered as moulded by combined drawing for moulding and machining General tolerances ISO 8062-3 Chapter-11---Tolerancing-o_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for Tolerancing of Movable Assemblies Symbols Rules Examples Chapter-12---Respecting-Geometri_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Toleranci Respecting Geometrical Tolerances During Manufacturing Manufacturing influences Recommendations for manufacturing Process capability Chapter-13---Inspection-of-Geom_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancin Inspection of Geometrical Deviations (Verification) General Terms Alignment of the workpiece General Minimum requirement Additional alignment requirements for the measurement of roundness or cylindricity deviations Axis of measurement Inclination of the axis Offset of the workpiece axis Minimum rock requirement Interchanging of the datum feature and toleranced feature Simplified inspection method Evaluation of measurement Methods of inspection Assessment of straightness deviations of lines of surfaces Definition Type of detecting Measuring methods Assessment of straightness deviations of axes Definition Assessment of the coordinates of axes Assessment with one dial indicator Assessment with two dial indicators Assessment with form measuring instrument or with coordinate measuring system Assessment of flatness deviations Definition Type of detection and measurement methods Assessment of the flatness deviation with straightedge and dial indicator Assessment of roundness deviations Definition Measuring methods Two-point measurement, three-point measurement Assessment with measuring ring or measuring plug Simplified inspection Assessment of cylindricity deviations Definition Measuring strategies Measuring methods Measuring the cylindricity deviation Assessment by measurement of components Simplified inspection Assessment of profile deviations of lines Definition Measuring methods Assessment of profile deviations of surfaces Definition Measuring methods Assessment of orientation deviations Definition Combination of features Measurement methods General Assessment of orientation deviations of straight generator lines or plane surfaces by measuring distances Assessment of the orientation deviation of an axis by measuring distances Assessment of orientation deviations with form measuring instruments or coordinate measuring systems Assessment of location deviations Definition Combination of features Measuring methods General Assessment of the location deviation of a straight generator line or a plane surface by measuring distances Assessment of the location deviation of an axis relative to plane surface by measuring distances Assessment of location deviations with form measuring instruments or coordinate measuring systems Assessment of coaxiality deviations or symmetry deviations by measuring distances Inspection of coaxiality deviations by measuring run-out deviations Assessment of coaxiality deviations or symmetry deviations with form measuring instruments or coordinate meas ... Assessment of run-out deviations Datums Measuring methods of circular run-out Assessment of radial run-out deviations Assessment of circular axial run-out deviations Assessment of circular run-out deviations in any or in a specified direction Assessment of total run-out deviations Inspection of the envelope requirement Definition Inspection methods Inspection with functional gauge Inspection with coordinate measuring system Inspection with form measuring instrument Inspection with length measuring instrument and measuring table, centres or chuck or revolving table Inspection with length measuring instrument, measuring table and/or V-block Inspection with measuring table or measuring plate and length measuring instrument Inspection of the maximum material requirement Definition Inspection methods Inspection with functional gauge Inspection with form measuring instrument or with coordinate measuring system Approximate inspection by measuring sizes and distances Position tolerances without datum Position tolerances with datum Position tolerances with and without datum Position tolerances for key ways Simplified inspection Inspection of the least material requirement Definition Inspection methods Inspection with coordinate measuring systems Approximate inspection by measuring sizes and distances Assessment of the position deviation for projected tolerance zones Definition Measuring methods Assessment of geometrical deviations of threaded features Tracing and probing strategies General Tracing strategies Probing strategies Number of points Separation of roughness and waviness Measurement uncertainty Definition Application Assessment Calibration of measuring instruments Examples for uncertainty budgets Chapter-14---Differences-Bet_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-f Differences Between ASME Y14.5 and ISO Application Symbols Coplanarity Envelope requirement, Rule # 1 Radii Dimensioning origin Angular tolerances Cones Regardless of feature size RFS Tolerances of position, coaxiality, symmetry Orientation and location tolerances for axes or median planes Composite tolerancing and single tolerancing Multiple patterns of features Unequally disposed profile tolerance zone Datums with indication of the locked degrees of freedom, customized datums Datum systems Roundness measurements Dynamic profile tolerance Terminology Planar datum, definition Survey of differences between ASME and ISO Drawings for both systems, ISO and ASME General Coplanarity Envelope requirement Angular tolerances Radii tolerances Roundness tolerances Coaxiality and symmetry tolerances Simultaneous requirements for groups with different position tolerances Orientation tolerances of axes or median surfaces Position tolerancing Composite tolerancing Maximum material requirement, least material requirement No-title-avai_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manu Glossary Standar_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manufactur Standards Publicatio_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manufac Publications Index_2021_Geometrical-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-for-Design--Manufacturin Index A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T U V W Z