Geomatics for Green and Digital Transition: 25th Italian Conference, ASITA 2022, Genova, Italy, June 20–24, 2022, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science)

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 25th Italian Conference on Geomatics for Green and Digital Transition, ASITA 2022, held in Genova, Italy, in June 2022. The 33 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Positioning, Navigation and Operational Geodesy; Data exploitation: services and tools; Geo(big)data, GeoAnalytics, AI and Decision Support; Agriculture and Forestry; Cultural Heritage and Landscape Analysis; Environmental Monitoring and Analysis; and Sustainable Development and Climate Change. Preface Organization Contents Positioning, Navigation and Operational Geodesy 15 Years of the Italian GNSS Geodetic Reference Frame (RDN): Preliminary Analysis and Considerations 1 Introduction 2 Dataset 3 Methods 3.1 Archive Analysis 3.2 Processing Using GIPSYX 1.7 3.3 Post-processing 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Low-Cost MMS Approach to the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Problem 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Technical Specifications of the Tested Devices 2.2 MMS Analytical Measurement Principle 2.3 Depth Sensors Performance Evaluation at Different Acquisition Distances 2.4 Pairing T265 Tracking Device with D455 and L515 2.5 SLAM Software 2.6 Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of SLAM Point Clouds 3 Results 3.1 Performance Evaluation at Different Distances of RealSenseTM Depth Sensors 3.2 Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of SLAM Point Clouds 4 Conclusions References Low-Cost Hardware PPP-RTK AR Time-to-Fix and Positioning Performance Assessment: A Preliminary Static Test 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Experimental Setup 4 Preliminary Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions and Future Work References A Calibration-Free Astrometric Clinometer for Static Monitoring 1 Introduction 1.1 Applications of Astrometry in Geodesy 1.2 Proposed Concept 2 Materials and Methods 3 Test Results 3.1 Laboratory Results 3.2 Roncovetro Landslide Monitoring 4 Conclusions References Data Exploitation: Services and Tools Exploiting Copernicus Data via Access Hubs and Processing Tools 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Copernicus Data Access Hubs 2.2 Copernicus Data Processing Tools 3 Exploiting Hubs and Tools: Highlights 4 Conclusions References A Tool to Aid the Navigation in La Spezia Harbour (Italy) 1 Introduction 2 The Software Application 3 Monitoring and Forecasting Tides in Harbours 4 Results 5 Conclusions References An Innovative Experimental Software for Geomatics Applications on the Environment and the Territory 1 Introduction 2 The Particle Solver, Advantages of a Bottom-Up Approach 2.1 The Characteristics of the Particle Model 3 Development and Modus Operandi 3.1 Hardware and Software 3.2 Validation 4 Conclusions References Linked (Open) Chorems: A Semantically Enriched Visual Representation 1 Introduction 2 Chorems as Visual Synthesis of Spatio-Temporal Phenomena 3 The Linked Chorems: From Data to Knowledge 3.1 The Proposed Three-Layered Model 4 Building Shareable Chorems 5 Conclusions References Remote Sensing Course in Geography Online Education: A MOODLE Learning Materials Adaptation and Optimization Workflow 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (MOODLE) 2.2 The Remote Sensing Course 2.3 Course Format Setup in MOODLE 2.4 Hierarchical MOODLE Competency Framework for the Remote Sensing Course E-Learning Materials 3 Results 3.1 Course Setup 3.2 Hierarchical MOODLE Competency Framework for the Remote Sensing Course E-Learning Materials 4 Conclusions References Geo(big)data, GeoAnalytics, AI and Decision Support Geo-Business Intelligence and Spatial Data Warehousing: A Railway Company Case Study 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture of SIMS 3 From Data to Analyses 4 Geospatial Dashboards: GeoBI vs WebGIS Apps 5 Self-service BI and Metadata 6 Conclusions References Constructing Dynamic Scenarios of Crime Risk Exposure. A Methodological Proposal Based on Geo-Social Media Data 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data Mining from Geo-Social Media 2.2 Dynamic Scenarios of Crime Risk Exposure (Ec,ti) 3 Discussion and Perspectives References A Methodology Based on GIS-BIM Integration to Evaluate Energy Efficiency at Urban Scale 1 Introduction 2 Methodological Proposal 3 Study Area 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Smart Urban Waste Management System: The Case Study of Delft, Netherlands 1 Introduction 2 System Function and Components 2.1 Smart Waste Bin 2.2 Smart Waste Management Dashboard 2.3 Mobile Web App 3 Case Study 3.1 Bins Usage Modelling 3.2 Waste Bins Fill Modelling 3.3 Collection Modelling 3.4 Collection Route Creation 4 Results 5 Conclusions References Integration of LiDAR Data into a Regional Topographic Database for the Generation of a 3D City Model 1 Introduction 2 Test Area and Data 3 Methods 3.1 Homogenization of Coordinate Reference System 3.2 3D Modeling of the Roads Within the NTDB 3.3 3D Modeling of the Buildings Within the NTDB 3.4 DTM Construction 4 Results 5 Conclusions References Agriculture and Forestry Spectral Measures from Sentinel-2 Imagery vs Ground-Based Data from Rapidscan© Sensor: Performances on Winter Wheat 1 Introduction 2 Goals 3 Material and Methods 3.1 Study Area 3.2 Available Data 3.3 Data Processing 3.4 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusions References Multi Crop Estimation of LAI from Sentinel-2 VIs with Parametric Regression Approach: Comparison of Performances and VIs Sensitivity 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Test Sites 2.2 Ground-LAI Measurements 2.3 Sentinel-2 Data 2.4 VIs Computation 2.5 Analysis of the Ground-LAI to VIs Relation 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Ground-LAI Relation with VIs 3.2 VIs Sensitivity to Ground-LAI 4 Validation and Map Demonstration 5 Conclusion References Hyperspectral and LiDAR Data for the Prediction via Machine Learning of Tree Species, Volume and Biomass: A Contribution for Updating Forest Management Plans 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Study Area 2.2 Surveys 2.3 Remote Sensing Data 2.4 Soil Morphology Analysis 2.5 Delineation of Tree Crowns 2.6 Spectral Feature Selection 2.7 Classifiers 2.8 Biomass and Volume Estimation Models 3 Results 3.1 Determination of the Species 3.2 Estimation of Volume and Above Ground Biomass 4 Discussion and Conclusions References Forest Height Estimation Using Sentinel-1 Interferometry. A Phase Unwrapping-Free Method Based on Least Squares Adjustment 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Study Area 2.2 Reference Data 2.3 Digital Elevation Model Data 2.4 Sentinel-1 Imagery 2.5 Methodology and Data Processing 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Interferogram Computation 3.2 Forest Height Retrieval Using Least Squares Adjustment 3.3 Validation 4 Conclusions References Low Density ALS Data to Support Forest Management Plans: The Alta Val Di Susa Forestry Consortium (NW Italy) Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Study Area 2.2 Available Data 2.3 Diametric Curves Calibration from Ground Data 2.4 Forest Parameters Estimates from CHM 3 Results 3.1 Summarizing Ground Data 3.2 Calibration of Dendrometric Curves from Ground Data 3.3 Refining and Calibrating CHM-Derived Estimates 4 Conclusions References An Open-Source Approach to Modelling and Analysing a Tree Detected with a Mobile Laser Scanner 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data Acquisition and Pre-Processing 2.2 Generation of the Quantitative Structure Models 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Cultural Heritage and Landscape Analysis Potential Contributions of Geomatics to Garden Design, Landscape Planning and Plant Disease Management 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Study Area 2.2 Available data 2.3 Data Collection 2.4 Data Processing 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusions References Landscape Services and Their Impact on the Well-Being of Local Actors Through Participatory Mapping. A Case-Study in the Inner Areas of Northern Apennines, Piedmont 1 Introduction 2 Data and Methods 2.1 Study Area 2.2 Typology of Landscape Services 2.3 Data Collection 2.4 Data Analysis 3 Results 3.1 Respondent Characteristics and LS Values 3.2 Spatial Distribution of Mapped Services 4 Discussion and Conclusion References Techniques and Survey for 3D Modeling of Touristic Caves: Valdemino Case 1 Introduction 1.1 Case Study 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 UAV Based Data Acquisition and Processing 2.2 TLS Methodology, Acquisition and Processing 2.3 SLAM Methodology, Acquisition and Processing 3 Obtained Results 3.1 UAV Modeling 3.2 Point Cloud Comparison 4 Discussion 4.1 Point Cloud 5 Conclusions References A Comprehensive Understanding of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods for 3D Architectural Cultural Heritage Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 ML-Based Method 2.2 DL-Based Method 3 Method 3.1 ML Method 3.2 DGCNN-Based DL Network 4 Experiment 4.1 Datasets 4.2 Experiment Settings 4.3 Results 5 Discussion and Conclusions References ARMENTIS: Abruzzo Region’s Management of an Enhanced Tratturi Information System 1 Introduction 2 Study Area 3 Materials and Methods 4 Results 5 Discussion and Conclusion References Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Rapid Seismic Risk Assessment of Bridges Using UAV Aerial Photogrammetric Survey 1 Introduction 2 General Framework 2.1 Archetype Multispan Simply Supported Beam Bridge 2.2 UAV: Acquisition - 3D Reconstruction – Elaboration - Output 3 Case Study 3.1 Viaduct Description 3.2 UAV Aerial Photogrammetric Survey and 3D Reconstruction 3.3 Validation of the 3D Reconstruction 3.4 Seismic assessment 4 Conclusions References Machine Learning Approaches for Coastline Extraction from Sentinel-2 Images: K-Means and K-Nearest Neighbour Algorithms in Comparison 1 Introduction 2 Data and Methods 2.1 NDWI 2.2 Machine Learning 2.3 Accuracy Tests 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Preliminary Spatiotemporal Analysis of Mortality in Northern Italy During COVID-19 First Wave 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Study Area and Timeline 2.2 Data 2.3 Methods 3 Results 3.1 Spatial Distribution of Excess Mortality in Lombardy and Veneto 3.2 Excess Mortality Clusters Visualized by Kernel Density Analysis 3.3 Spatio-Temporal Correlation Analysis 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Multi-platform, Multi-scale and Multi-temporal 4D Glacier Monitoring. The Rutor Glacier Case Study 1 Introduction 1.1 Case Study 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Photogrammetric Flight 2.2 Satellite Imagery 2.3 Control Points and Measurement Campaigns 2.4 Reference Cartographic Data 2.5 Data Processing 3 Results 3.1 Cartographic Products: Orthophoto and DSM 3.2 DSM Comparisons 4 Discussion and Conclusion References SAR and Multispectral Data Contribution to the Monitoring of Wetland Ecosystems Vulnerable to Climate Change 1 Introduction: Wetlands and Climate Change 2 Study Area: The Ostiglia and Busatello Marshes 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Thermopluviometric Analysis 3.2 Multispectral Data 3.3 SAR Data 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Climate 4.2 Multispectral Data Analysis 4.3 Time-Series Decomposition 4.4 SAR 5 Conclusions References Sustainable Development and Climate Change How to Combine Spatial Data for Ecosystem Services Mapping? A GIS-MCDA Approach and Its Application in Tuscany, Italy 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 The Study Area 2.2 The Elaborations on the ARTEA Database 2.3 The Analytic Hierarchy Process 2.4 The Design of the Hierarchical Trees for ESs Assessment 2.5 The Process for ESs Mapping and Bundling 3 Results 3.1 ESs Maps 3.2 ESs Bundles 4 Concluding Remarks References A Model for Considering the Crossed Effects of Plans in the Strategic Environmental Assessment 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 The Planning System in Italy 2.2 Methodology Addressed 3 Results 4 Summary Evaluation and Perspectives References Soft Mobility in Mountain Areas: Methodological Approach and GIS Analysis for the Fruition of the Forts System in Genoa (Italy) 1 Introduction 2 Soft and Sustainable Mobility 3 A New Methodology for Mountain Cycle and Walking Routes 4 Case Study: Genoa and Its Forts System 5 GIS analysis of the Case Study 5.1 Analysis and Classification of Path Networks 5.2 Analysis of Paths to Fort Diamante 5.3 Final Assessment of Route Planning Criteria 6 Conclusions References Correction to: SAR and Multispectral Data Contribution to the Monitoring of Wetland Ecosystems Vulnerable to Climate Change Correction to: Chapter “SAR and Multispectral Data Contribution to the Monitoring of Wetland Ecosystems Vulnerable to Climate Change” in: E. Borgogno-Mondino and P. Zamperlin (Eds.): Geomatics for Green and Digital Transition, CCIS 1651, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17439-1_30 Author Index