Genetics, genomics and breeding of cucurbits (The book itself begins p23)

Content: Major Cucurbit Crops, Yiqun Weng and Zhanyong Sun Minor Cucurbits, T.K. Behera, A.K. Sureja, Sabina Islam, A.D. Munshi and A.S. Sidhu Classical Genetics and Traditional Breeding, Stephen R. King, Angela R. Davis and Todd C. Wehner Breeding Squash and Pumpkins, J. Brent Loy Genetic Diversity Studies in Cucurbits Using Molecular Tools, C. Esteras, F. Nuez and B. Pico Molecular Genetic Mapping and Map-based Cloning,Yi-Hong Wang Mapping and Molecular Breeding of Monogenic Traits, Yi-Hong Wang Genome Mapping and QTL Analysis in Cucurbits, Hugo E. Cuevas, Jack E. Staub and Juan E. Zalapa Genomic and Functional Genomic Resources of Melon, Zhangjun Fei and Yang Liu Watermelon, Amnon Levi, W. Patrick Wechter, Judy. A. Thies, and Kai-Shu Ling, Umesh K. Reddy, Yong XU, Shaogui Guo and Xingping Zhang Cucumber Genomics, Zhonghua Zhang, Jun He and Sanwen Huang Sex Expression in Cucurbits, Rebecca Grumet and Jessica Taft Future Prospects, Hiroshi Ezura Genetics, Genomics And Breeding Of Cucurbits......Page 23 Genetics, Genomics And Breeding Of Crop Plants......Page 24 Genetics, Genomics And Breeding Of Cucurbits......Page 25 Preface To The Series......Page 27 Preface To The Volume......Page 32 Contents......Page 34 List Of Contributors......Page 36 Abbreviations......Page 40 1.1 Introduction......Page 44 1.2 Economic Importance of Cucurbit Crops......Page 45 1.3 Biological Importance of Cucurbit Crops......Page 47 1.4 Taxonomy, Origin and Domestication and Evolution of Cucurbit Crops......Page 49 1.4.2 Watermelon......Page 50 1.4.3 Squash/ pumpkin......Page 51 1.4.4 Evolutionary Relationships Among Cucurbit Crops......Page 52 1.5.1 Cucurbit Germplasm Conservation......Page 53 1.5.2 Cucurbit Gene Pools and Utilization......Page 55 References......Page 56 ABSTRACT......Page 60 2.1.1 Distribution......Page 61 2.2 Economic Importance......Page 64 2.2.1 Pumpkin......Page 65 2.2.2 Bitter Gourd......Page 67 2.2.3 Luffa spp.......Page 68 2.3.1 Pumpkin......Page 69 2.3.2 Bitter Gourd......Page 71 2.4.1 Pumpkin......Page 73 2.4.2 Bitter Gourd......Page 77 2.4.3 Luffa......Page 79 2.5.1 Pumpkin......Page 81 2.5.2 Bitter gourd......Page 87 2.5.3 Luffa......Page 89 References......Page 92 3.1 Introduction......Page 104 3.2.1.1 Watermelon......Page 105 3.2.1.2 Cucumber......Page 107 3.2.1.3 Melon......Page 108 3.2.1.4 Cucurbita spp.......Page 109 3.2.2 Classical Genetic Mapping Efforts......Page 111 3.2.2.1 Watermelon......Page 112 3.2.2.2.1 Linkage Group A......Page 113 3.2.2.2.3 Linkage Group C......Page 114 3.2.2.2.4 Linkage Group D......Page 115 3.2.2.2.7 Unaffi liated Genes......Page 116 3.2.2.3.5 Linkage Group 5......Page 117 3.2.2.4 Cucurbita spp.......Page 118 3.3.1 Traditional Breeding Objectives and Achievements......Page 119 3.3.1.1 Watermelon......Page 120 3.3.1.2 Cucumber......Page 121 3.3.1.4 Cucurbita spp.......Page 123 3.3.2 Limitations of Traditional Breeding and Rationale for Molecular Breeding......Page 124 3.4 Conclusion......Page 126 References......Page 127 ABSTRACT......Page 136 4.1 Introduction......Page 137 4.2 Origin, Taxonomy and Early Distribution......Page 138 4.3 General Botany......Page 139 4.4 Pollination Techniques......Page 143 4.4.2 Harvesting and Seed Cleaning......Page 145 4.5 Grouping of Cultivars within Species......Page 146 4.5.1 Cucurbita pepo Variety Classes......Page 147 4.5.2 Cucurbita maxima Variety Classes......Page 148 4.5.3 Cucurbita moschata Variety Classes......Page 149 4.6 Interspecific Hybridization of Domesticated Cucurbita......Page 150 4.8 Breeding and Selection for Specific Traits......Page 153 4.8.1 Plant Growth Habit......Page 155 4.8.2 Flowering and Fruiting Habits......Page 159 4.8.3 Vegetative Growth and Sink Strength......Page 160 4.8.4.1 Fruit Size......Page 161 4.8.4.2 Fruit Color......Page 162 4.8.5 Eating Quality and Nutrition......Page 163 4.8.5.1 Quality Factors in Summer Squash......Page 165 4.9 Hybrid Cultivars and Hybrid Vigor......Page 166 4.10.1 Disease Resistance......Page 168 4.10.2 Insect Resistance......Page 170 4.11 Breeding Applications of Biotechnology......Page 171 References......Page 173 ABSTRACT......Page 183 5.1 Introduction......Page 184 5.2.1 Genus Cucumis......Page 185 5.2.1.1.1 Origin and Taxonomy......Page 187 5.2.1.1.2 Molecular Markers Used in Genetic Diversity Studies......Page 189 5.2.1.1.3 Molecular Diversity of Melon Landraces in the Centers ofOrigin and Diversity......Page 194 5.2.1.2.2 Molecular Markers Used in Genetic Diversity Studies......Page 199 5.2.1.2.3 Molecular Diversity of Cucumber Landraces in theCenters of Origin and Diversity......Page 200 5.2.1.3.1 C. metuliferus......Page 202 5.2.2 Genus Citrullus......Page 203 5.2.2.1.1 Origin and Taxonomy......Page 205 5.2.2.1 Molecular Markers Used in Genetic Diversity Studies......Page 206 5.2.3 Genus Benincasa......Page 208 5.2.4 Genus Lagenaria......Page 209 5.3 Tribe Cucurbiteae......Page 210 5.3.1.1.1 Origin and Taxonomy......Page 212 5.3.1.1.2 Phenotypic Diversity Studies......Page 213 5.3.1.2.1 Origin and Taxonomy......Page 217 5.3.1.2.2 Phenotypic Diversity Studies......Page 218 5.3.1.2.3 Molecular Markers Used in Genetic Diversity Studies......Page 219 5.3.1.3.1 Origin and Taxonomy......Page 220 5.3.1.3.2 Phenotypic Diversity Studies and Genetic DiversityStudies with Molecular Markers......Page 221 5.3.1.4.2 C. argyrosperma......Page 222 5.4 Tribe Joliffieae......Page 223 5.5 Tribe Luffeae......Page 224 5.6 Tribe Sicyeae......Page 225 References......Page 226 6.1 Introduction......Page 242 6.2 Evolution of Molecular Markers......Page 248 6.3 Molecular Maps......Page 251 6.4 Map- based Cloning......Page 259 6.5 Concluding Remarks......Page 262 References......Page 263 7.1 The Importance of Gene Targeting......Page 268 7.2 Employment of BSA for Gene Tagging......Page 270 7.3 Germplasm Characterization......Page 274 7.4 Limitations of MAS......Page 275 References......Page 277 ABSTRACT......Page 281 8.1 Introduction......Page 282 8.2.1 Introduction......Page 283 8.2.2 Genetics Maps and Mapping Populations......Page 287 8.2.3.1 Yield Components......Page 290 8.2.3.2 Fruit Quality Components......Page 291 8.2.3.3 Disease Resistance......Page 293 8.3.1 Introduction......Page 295 8.3.2 Genetics Maps and Mapping Populations......Page 296 8.3.3.1 Yield Components......Page 298 8.3.3.2 Fruit Quality......Page 302 8.3.3.3 Diseases Resistance......Page 303 8.4.1 Introduction......Page 305 8.4.2 Genetics Maps and Mapping Populations......Page 306 8.4.3 Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Traits......Page 307 8.5.1 Gene Identification......Page 308 8.5.2 Candidate Gene Analysis......Page 310 8.6 Marker- assisted Selection MAS in Cucurbits......Page 312 8.7 Comparative Genomics in Cucurbits......Page 315 8.8 Further Perspective on Cucurbit Genomics......Page 318 References......Page 319 ABSTRACT......Page 329 9.1 Introduction......Page 330 9.2 Sequencing of Melon Genome......Page 332 9.3 Melon Genetic Maps......Page 333 9.4 Melon BAC Libraries and Physical Maps......Page 334 9.5.1 Melon ESTs......Page 336 9.5.2 Melon Transcriptome Profi ling......Page 337 9.5.3 Melon Proteomics and Metabolomics......Page 343 9.5.4 Melon Phenome......Page 344 References......Page 345 ABSTRACT......Page 352 10.1 Crop Origin and History......Page 353 10.2 Watermelon Fruit......Page 358 10.4 Fruit Genomics......Page 359 10.5 Major Diseases and Pests of Watermelon......Page 361 10.6 Genetic Studies and Genetic Mapping......Page 364 10.8 Genomics of Watermelon......Page 367 10.9 Development of BAC Libraries......Page 371 References......Page 372 ABSTRACT......Page 378 11.2 A Karyotype for Cucumber Genome Using Repeat Sequences......Page 379 11.3 Develop Genetic Map on the Basis of Genome Sequences......Page 380 11.5 EST Sequences and BAC/ Fosmid Libraries for Cucumber Genome......Page 383 11.6.1 Genome Sequencing and Assembly......Page 384 11.6.3 Gene Annotation......Page 385 11.7.1 Chromosomal Evolution in Cucurbits......Page 387 11.7.2 Cucumber- Melon Microsynteny......Page 388 11.7.3 Centromere Repositioning in Cucurbit Species......Page 389 11.8 Pathogen Resistance Genes in Cucumber......Page 390 11.9 Expanded Gene Families in Cucumber......Page 391 11.11 Perspective of Cucumber Genomics......Page 392 References......Page 393 ABSTRACT......Page 396 12.1 Introduction: Sex Forms and Their Evolution......Page 397 12.2 Floral Development and Sex Differentiation......Page 400 12.3 Infl uence of Hormones on Sex Determination......Page 403 12.4 Inheritance of Sex Expression in Cucumber and Melon......Page 405 12.5.1 Ethylene Production......Page 406 12.5.2 Ethylene Perception......Page 409 12.5.3 Other Factors......Page 410 12.6 Utilization of Sex Forms in Crop Improvement......Page 411 References......Page 413 13.1 Parthenocarpy, a Trait for Expansion of Productivity......Page 419 13.3 Profiling Functional and Pharmaceutical Ingredients......Page 421 13.4 A New Use of Cucurbit Plants: Phytoremediation......Page 423 13.5 Comprehensive Use of High- throughput Sequencing Technology and Bioinformatics......Page 424 13.7 High- throughput Genetic Transformation Technology......Page 425 References......Page 426 Index......Page 429 Color Plate Section......Page 434 The last two decades has been the most exciting period in cucurbit genetic, genomic and breeding research especially for cucumber, melon and watermelon and cucumber became the first cucurbit to be sequenced, after other field crops such as rice, sorghum, soybean and maize. This book provides an in-depth review of the state-of-the-art of genetic and genomic research conducted in cucurbits in 13 chapters by 34 internationally renowned scientists and will be useful to cucurbit researchers as well as scientists working in other crops. The last two decades has been the most exciting period in cucurbit genetic, genomic, and breeding research especially for cucumber, melon, and watermelon. In addition, cucumber became the first cucurbit to be sequenced, after other field crops such as rice, sorghum, soybean, and maize. In thirteen chapters by 34 internationally renowned scientists,