Genetic and Evolutionary Computing : Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing (Volume II), October 6-8, 2023, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

This second volume of conference proceedings contains selected papers presented at ICGEC 2023, the 15th International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing, held on October 6-8, 2023 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The conference is intended as an international forum for the researchers and professionals in all areas of genetic and evolutionary computing. And the readers may know the up-to-date techniques of the mentioned topics, including technologies for next-generation network environments, recent progress in computational electromagnetic dynamics, future cyber security, privacy and forensics for advanced systems, data mining techniques and its applications, optimization models in deep learning and machine learning. It will help readers bring new ideas or apply the designed approaches from the collected papers to their professional jobs. Preface Organization Contents Vehicle Traveling Speed Prediction Based on LightGBM Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Data Preprocessing 3.2 Travel Speed Prediction on Expressway 4 Experiments and Analysis of Results 4.1 Data Sources and Pre-processing 4.2 Parameter Selection 4.3 Evaluation Indicators 4.4 Experimental Results and Analysis 5 Conclusions References A Feature Matching Method Based on Rolling Guided Filter and Collinear Triangular Matrix Optimal Transport 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Framework 2.1 The Keypoint Response Computation Method Based on Rolling Guided Filter Constraints 2.2 Feature Matching Based on Property Optimization with Keypoint Response Constraints 2.3 Collinear Triangular Matrix Optimal Transport 3 Experimental Analysis 3.1 Analysis of Scale Factor of Rolling-Guided Filter 3.2 Property Constraint Analysis in Feature Matching 3.3 Comparison and Analysis with Existing Methods 4 Conclusion References Short-Time Driving Style Classification and Recognition Method on Expressway 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Data Preprocessing 2.2 Feature Construction 2.3 Selection of the Number of Driving Style Categories 2.4 Short-Time Driving Style Classification Method 2.5 Short-Time Driving Style Recognition 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 3.1 Analysis of Driving Style Classification Results 3.2 Short-Time Driving Style Recognition Results 4 Conclusion References Expressway Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction Based on CNN-LSTM 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Related Work 2 Methods 2.1 Convolutional Neural Network 2.2 Long Short-Term Memory 2.3 Establishment of CNN-LSTM Model 3 Experimental Research 3.1 Experimental Analysis 3.2 Model Parameter Adjustment 3.3 Model Performance Evaluation Index 3.4 Comparison Model Experiment 3.5 Result Analysis 4 Conclusions References Expressway Traffic Speed Prediction Method Based on KF-GRU Model via ETC Data 1 Introduction 2 Algorithm 2.1 Problem Description and Definition 2.2 Overall Framework 2.3 Construction of Section Speed Dataset 2.4 Kalman Filter 2.5 Gated Recurrent Unit 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 4 Conclusion References Dynamic Brightness Adjustment of Tunnel Lighting Based on ETC Transaction Data 1 Introduction 2 Bidirectional LSTM Model 2.1 Basic Principle 2.2 BiLSTM Network 3 Simulation Experiments 3.1 Dataset Introduction 3.2 Data Preprocessing 3.3 Evaluation 3.4 Experiment Results 4 Conclusion References Short-Time Traffic Flow Prediction of Highway Toll Station Based on Combined GRU-MLP Model 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 GRU-MLP Combination Model 3.1 GRU Neural Network 3.2 MLP Neural Network 3.3 Combination Model 4 Experiment 4.1 Data Presentation and Analysis 4.2 Evaluation Indicators 4.3 GRU-MLP Combined Model Predictions and Analysis of Results 5 Conclusion References Real-Time Carbon Emission Monitoring and Prediction Method of Expressway Based on LSTM 1 Introduction 2 Carbon Emission Prediction Model Based on RNN-LSTM 2.1 RNN-LSTM Neural Network Model 2.2 Carbon Dioxide Emissions Accounting Method 2.3 Vehicle carbon Emission Calculation Model 3 Simulation Experiments 3.1 Data Description 3.2 Introduction of Comparative Experiment 3.3 Evaluation Index and Parameter Setting 3.4 Experimental Results and Analysis 4 Conclusion References PSR-GAN: Unsupervised Portrait Shadow Removal Using Evolutionary Computing 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Data Synthesis 3.1 Shadow Model 3.2 Shadow Image Synthesis 3.3 Dataset Composition 4 Methodology 4.1 Evolutionary Computing 4.2 Network Architecture 4.3 Loss Function 5 Experiments 5.1 Experimental Settings 5.2 Experimental Results 6 Conclusion and Future Works References Chebyshev Inequality and the Identification of Genes Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction to AD and Gene Chip Technology 1.2 Simple Idea of Chebyshev’s Inequality Applied to Genetic Screening 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data Collection 2.2 Data Preprocessing 2.3 Correlation Obtained by Two Ways 2.4 Changes in Disease Relevance at Different Stages 2.5 Chebyshev’s Inequality Screens for Genes Associated with AD 3 Results 3.1 Correlation Between Cosine Similarity and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient Measure for AD Genes 3.2 Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and Cosine Similarity Measures the Difference in Correlation Between Different Stages 3.3 The Chebysheff Inequality was Used to Screen Candidate Genes from Changes Based on Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Cosine Similarity 4 Discussion 4.1 Discussion of Correlation Calculation Results 4.2 Analysis of AD Candidate Genes 5 Conclusions References A Novel Crossover Operator Based on Grey Wolf Optimizer Applied to Feature Selection Problem 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Grey Wolf Optimizer as Crossover Operator 2.2 Description of Datasets and Evaluation Methods 3 Results 3.1 Compare with Different Feature Selection Algorithms 3.2 Compare with Different Crossover Operators 3.3 Real AD Data Applications 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Research on the Detection Method of Sybil Attacks on Wireless Terminals in Power Internet of Things 1 Introduction 2 The Impact of Sybil Attacks 2.1 The Impact of Sybil Attacks on Localization 2.2 The Impact of Sybil Attacks on Data Transmission 2.3 The Impact of Sybil Attacks on Routing 3 Sybil Attack Detection and Resistance 3.1 Sybil Attack Detection Scheme 3.2 Improved Positioning Strategy of Anti-Sybil Attack 3.3 Improved Routing Strategies to Counter Sybil Attacks 4 Simulation Experiment and Analysis 4.1 Simulation Experiment and Analysis 4.2 Algorithm Simulation and Analysis 5 Conclusion References Probability Vector Enhanced Tumbleweed Optimization Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Compact Particle Swarm Optimization 2.2 Tumbleweed Optimization Algorithm 3 Probability Vector Enhanced Tumbleweed Optimization Algorithm 3.1 Basic Idea 3.2 Seedling Growth Stage 3.3 Seed Propagation Stage 4 Numerical Experimental Analysis 5 Conclusion References Improving BFGO with Apical Dominance-Guided Gradient Descent for Enhanced Optimization 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Metaheuristic Algorithms and Gradient Descent 2.2 Bamboo Forest Growth Optimization (BFGO) Algorithm 3 Methodology 3.1 Apical Dominance in BFGO-ADGD 3.2 Gradient Descent in BFGO-ADGD 3.3 BFGO with Apical Dominance-Guided Gradient Descent 4 Experiment and Analysis 5 Conclusion References Research on Innovative Social Service Training Mode in Higher Vocational Colleges Under the New Situation 1 Introduction 2 The Connotation and Significance of Social Service in Vocational Colleges 2.1 The Connotation 2.2 The Significance 3 Analysis of Social Service Training Model in Higher Vocational Colleges 3.1 Content of Social Service Training Model 3.2 Issues in the Social Service Training Model 4 Strategies for Innovating the Social Service Training Model in Higher Vocational Colleges 4.1 Establishing New Social Training Organizational Structures 4.2 Building a High-Quality Training Faculty 4.3 Innovating the Social Service Training Model 4.4 Introduction of New Generation Information Technology Training Methods 4.5 Strengthening School-Enterprise Collaborative Training 5 Conclusion References Research on the Precise Teaching Path of Higher Vocational Colleges Under the Concept of OBE in the Digital Era 1 Introduction 2 The Connotation of OBE Concept and Precise Teaching 2.1 The Concept of OBE 2.2 Precise Teaching 3 The Necessity of Implementing Precise Teaching in Higher Vocational Colleges Under the Concept of OBE 3.1 An Important Avenue to Meet Personalized Development Needs 3.2 An Important Means of Adapting Diverse Learning Paths 3.3 A Significant Approach to Implementing Generative Teaching Strategies 3.4 A Significant Form of Digital Empowerment Education 4 The Implementation Path of Precise Teaching in Higher Vocational Colleges Under the of Concept in the Digital Age 4.1 Define Learning Outcomes and Establish Precise Teaching Objectives 4.2 Attain Learning Outcomes by Precision Designing of Instructional Processes 4.3 Evaluate Learning Outcomes and Precisely Diagnosing Achievements References An Optimal Inventory Replenishment Strategy with Cross-docking System and Time Window Problem 1 Introduction 2 Problem Description and Assumptions 3 Model Development 4 A Case Study of a High-Tech Industry in Taiwan 5 Conclusion References Proposal of a DDoS Attack Detection Method Using the Communication Interval 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 2.1 DDoS Attack 2.2 DDoS Attack Detection Methods 2.3 Previous Research 3 Proposed Method 3.1 Packet Filtering Using the Communication Interval 3.2 Implementation 4 Evaluation Experiments 4.1 Purpose of Experiment 4.2 Experimental Methods 4.3 Experimental Conditions 4.4 Experimental Procedure 4.5 Experimental Results 5 Conclusions References Study of an Image-Based CAPTCHA that is Resistant to Attacks Using Image Recognition Systems 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 CAPTCHA 2.2 Fooling Image Recognition by Many Discontinuous Points and Its Application to CAPTCHA 3 Proposed Method 3.1 Summary 3.2 Image Processing Methods 3.3 Suggested CAPTCHA 4 Evaluation Experiment 4.1 Experiments to Evaluate the Utility of the Images 4.2 Evaluation Experiments on Resistance to Image Recognition Attacks 4.3 Evaluation Experiments on Resistance to Noise Reduction Filters 5 Conclusion References Blind Image Quality Assessment Using Standardized NSS and Multi-pooled CNN 1 Introduction 2 Proposed NSS Integrated Multi-pooled CNN Method 2.1 Image Features Extraction Using Multi-Pooled CNN 2.2 Natural Scene Statistics Features Extraction 2.3 Methodology 3 Experimental Results 4 Conclusion References Abnormal Activity Detection Based on Place and Occasion in Virtual Home Environments 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Approach 3.1 Activities Simulation Task Using VirtualHome2KG 3.2 Object Detection 3.3 Feature Extraction 3.4 Awareness of Human-Object Relationships 3.5 Decision-Making Process Using Hidden Markov Model 4 Experimental Results 4.1 Abnormal Activity Detection Based on Place and Occasion 4.2 Limitations and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Proposal of Fill in the Missing Letters CAPTCHA Using Associations from Images 1 Introduction 2 Proposed CAPTCHA 2.1 Basic Idea 2.2 Adoption of Generic/Specific Concept Relations 3 Exploring Suitable Parameters of the Proposed CAPTCHA 3.1 Number of Missing Letters of Answer Words 3.2 Positions of Missing Letters 4 Security Evaluation 4.1 WordNet 4.2 Bot Attack Procedure 4.3 Experimental Conditions 4.4 Results 5 Conclusion References Digital Transformation (DX) Solution for Monitoring Mycoplasma Infectious Disease in Calves: A Worldwide Health Challenge 1 Introduction 2 Proposed System 2.1 Stage 1: Development of Digital Transformation (DX) Tools 2.2 Stage 2: Data Interpretation and Analysis 2.3 Stage 3: Information Integration 2.4 Stage 4: Utilization of AI Advances for Decision Making Process 3 Some Illustrative Simulation Results 3.1 Mahalanobis Distance-Based Mycoplasma Classification 4 Conclusions References AI Driven Movement Rate Variability Analysis Around the Time of Calving Events in Cattle 1 Introduction 2 Some Related Works 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Data Collection and Preprocessing 3.2 AI Driven Movement Detection and Tracking Process 3.3 Feature Extraction and Movement Variability Calculation 3.4 Calving Time Prediction Process 4 Experimental Results 4.1 Cattle Detection and Evaluation Results 4.2 Cattle Tracking and Evaluation Results 4.3 Calving Prediction and Analysis Results 5 Discussions and Conclusions References Channel-Wise Pruning via Learn Gates&BN for Object Detection Tasks 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Method 3.1 Pruning from Scratch Method 3.2 Learn Gates & Batch Normalization 4 Experiment 4.1 Network Model 4.2 Datasets 4.3 Learning Gates&BN and Fine-Tuning 4.4 Experiment Results 4.5 Analysis 5 Discussion and Conclusion References Prediction of Sepsis Mortality Risk Based on Ensemble Learning Algorithm FBTV 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 MIMIC-IV Database Introduction 2.2 Ensemble Learning 3 Methodology 3.1 Data Extraction 3.2 Data Preprocessing 3.3 Feature Selection 3.4 Experimental Dataset 3.5 Ensemble Learning Model Construction 4 Experiments 4.1 Ensemble Learning Algorithm Based on Voting Mechanism 4.2 Weighted Fusion Ensemble Learning Algorithm 4.3 Experimental Analysis 5 Conclusion References Research on the Influence Mechanism of College Students’ Learning Satisfaction Based on the Chain Mediation Model 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Research Subjects 2.2 Research Tools 2.3 Research Hypothesis 2.4 Research Model 3 Experiment 3.1 Common Method Biases Test 3.2 Reliability and Validity Analysis 3.3 Descriptive Statistical Analysis 3.4 Correlation Analysis Among Variables 3.5 Chain Intermediary Effect Analysis 4 Conclusion References Design of License Plate Recognition System Based on Machine Vision 1 Introduction 2 YOLO-v5-Based License Plate Detection 2.1 YOLO-v5 Training Process 2.2 Experimental Hardware Environment and Parameter Settings 2.3 Experimental Results and Analysis 3 License Plate Recognition Based on LPRNet 3.1 LPRNet Training Process 3.2 Network Structure 3.3 Experimental Hardware Environment and Parameter Settings 3.4 Analysis of Experimental Results 4 Conclusion References Construction and Application of Knowledge Graph in the Field of Medical Food Supplements 1 Introduction 2 GPLinker Intends to Identify Slot Analysis Models 2.1 The Overall Structure of the Model 2.2 Training Data Preprocessing 2.3 Parameter Settings 2.4 Experimental Evaluation Indicators 2.5 Experimental Results and Analysis 3 Design and Implementation of Intelligent Question Answering Application Based on Domain Knowledge Graph 3.1 Domain Knowledge Graph Construction Method and Implementation 3.2 Q&A Application Design 4 Conclusion References Practice and Exploration of Discrete Mathematics Teaching in Applied Undergraduate Colleges Under the Background of New Engineering 1 Introduction 2 The Teaching Concept of “Discrete Mathematics” in Applied Undergraduate Colleges Under the Background of “New Engineering” 3 Discrete Mathematics Teaching Practice in Applied Undergraduate Colleges Under the Background of “New Engineering” 3.1 Under the Background of New Engineering, Reform the Teaching Content of “Discrete Mathematics” Courses to Adapt to the Construction of Knowledge System of Applied Talents 3.2 Under the Background of New Engineering, Reform the Teaching Method of “Discrete Mathematics” Courses and Improve the Interdisciplinary Ability of Applied Talents 4 Conclusion References Research on Production Line Balance Optimization Based on Improved PSO-GA Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Scheduling Mathematical Model 2.1 Analysis of Job Shop Scheduling Problems 2.2 IPPS Mathematical Model 3 Workshop Scheduling Algorithm Based on PSO-GA 4 Simulation and Experimental Analysis 5 Conclusion References Prediction and Analysis of Stroke Risk Based on Ensemble Learning 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Method 3.1 Data Preprocessing 3.2 Principal Component Analysis 3.3 Prediction Model 4 Experiment 4.1 SVM 4.2 Decision Tree 4.3 Voting Model 4.4 Bagging Model 4.5 Stacking Model 5 Conclusion 5.1 Results Analysis 5.2 Future Work References The Users’ Purchase Behavior Research of Buying Clothing of Live Streaming eCommerce on Tiktok 1 Introduction 2 Construction of Hypothesis Model 3 Assumption Model 4 Data Collection and Research Design 5 Empirical Analysis and Model Revision 6 Model Correction 7 Conclusion Bibliography Exploration on the Evaluation Index System of E-commerce Application Talents’ Literacy for Industry Needs 1 Introduction 2 Assumption Evaluation Indicator System 3 Evaluation Index System for the Literacy of E-commerce Applied Talents 3.1 Data Collection and Descriptive Analysis 3.2 Revision of Hypothesis Evaluation Indicator System and Establishment of E-commerce Applied Talent Literacy Evaluation Indicator System 4 Conclusion Bibliography Research on Cosmetics Consumer Behavior Analysis and Marketing Strategy Optimization on E-Commerce Platform “Xiaohongshu” 1 Introduction 2 Data Collection 2.1 Distribution and Recovery of Questionnaires 2.2 Statistical Analysis of Sample Status 2.3 Statistical Analysis of the Usage of “Xiaohongshu” 3 Empirical Results and Analysis 3.1 Analysis of Factors Influencing Consumers’ Use of “Xiaohongshu” for Shopping 3.2 Cross Analysis of Survey Data 4 Conclusion References DOA Estimation of Special Non-uniform Linear Array Based on Quantum Honey Badger Search Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 DOA Estimation Model 3 DOA Estimation for Special Nonuniform Linear Array Based on Quantum Honey Badger Algorithm 3.1 Quantum Honey Badger Algorithm 3.2 DOA Estimation for Special Non-uniform Linear Array Based on Quantum Honey Badger Algorithm 4 Simulation Experiment Results 4.1 The First Set of Simulation Experiments 4.2 The Second Set of Simulation Experiments 4.3 The Third Set of Simulation Experiments 5 Conclusions References Chewing Behavior Detection Based on Facial Dynamic Features 1 Motivation and Purpose 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Purpose 2 Literature Review and Technical Analysis 2.1 Visual Characteristics of Chewing During Eating 2.2 Past Literature on Chewing Recognition 2.3 Dlib Facial Landmark Model 3 Methods and Procedures 3.1 Application Scenarios 3.2 Chewing Calculation Process 3.3 Algorithm Design for Chewing Instances Calculation 4 Experimentation and Performance Analysis 4.1 Purpose of the Experiment 4.2 Characteristics of Chewing 4.3 Chewing Signal Data Pre-Processing 4.4 Analysis of Experimental Results for Chewing Instance Calculation 5 Results and Discussion References Unknown DDoS Attack Detection Using Open-Set Recognition Technology and Fuzzy C-Means Clustering 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 DDoS Attack 2.2 AlexNet 2.3 Open Set Recognition 2.4 Spatial Location Constraint Prototype Loss 2.5 Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm 2.6 Unknown DDoS Detection 3 Methodology 3.1 Proposed Framework 3.2 Unknown DDoS Attack Model 3.3 Spatial Location Constraint Prototype Loss 3.4 Unknown DDoS Attack Identification 4 Experiment Result 4.1 CICIDS2017dataset 4.2 Experimental Environment 4.3 Evaluation Metric 4.4 Conventional DDoS Identification Modules 4.5 Unknown Identification Module 5 Conclusion References Dairy Cow Behavior Recognition Technology Based on Machine Learning Classification 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Motivation and Purpose 2 Literature Review 2.1 Common Cattle Behaviors 2.2 Comparison with Relevant Research 3 Cow Behavior Recognition Technology 3.1 Introduction to the Dataset 3.2 Behavior Recognition Server System Architecture 3.3 Calculation Process 3.4 Data Preprocessing 3.5 Machine Learning Methods 3.6 Model Optimization and Performance Tuning 4 Performance Evaluation and Analysis 4.1 Restated Validation Objectives 4.2 Machine Learning Prediction Results 5 Conclusion References PSO-Based CI Agent with Learning Tool for Student Experience in Real-World Application 1 Introduction 2 PSO-Based Sandbox for Teaching and Learning in CI Model 2.1 CI Sandbox Workshop and Competition @ IEEE CEC 2023 and FUZZ-IEEE 2023 2.2 Program of CI Sandbox @ IEEE CEC 2023 and FUZZ-IEEE 2023 3 CI Agent with Learning Tool for Young Student Experience 3.1 Introduction to CI&AI-FML Learning Tool 3.2 CI Agent Structure for the Learning Tool 4 Experimental Results 4.1 Extended ADAS Application @ IEEE CEC 2023 4.2 Intelligent Agriculture System (IAS) Application @ FUZZ-IEEE 2023. 4.3 Smart Greenhouse System (SGS) Application @ FUZZ-IEEE 2023 5 Conclusions Appendix References A GA-Based Scheduling Algorithm for Semiconductor-Product Thermal Cycling Tests 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Problem Definition 3.1 Symbols 3.2 Order Grouping 3.3 Group Scheduling 4 The Proposed GA-Based Group Scheduling Algorithm 4.1 Encoding 4.2 Fitness and Selection 4.3 Crossover and Mutation 4.4 Chromosomes Repair 4.5 The Proposed Algorithm 5 Experimental Results 6 Conclusion References Power Internet of Things Security Evaluation Method Based on Fuzzy Set Theory 1 Introduction 2 Power Internet of Things Safety Evaluation Index System 3 Power Internet of Things Security Evaluation System Based on Fuzzy Set 3.1 Determining the Set of Factors and the Assessment Collection 3.2 Determining Membership 3.3 Determining Index Weights 4 Experimental Results 5 Conclusion References A Q-Learning Based Power-Aware Data Dissemination Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Q-Learning Based Power-Aware Data Dissemination 4 Simulation Results 5 Conclusions References Application of Entropy – TOPSIS Method in Service Quality Assessment 1 Introduction 2 TOPSIS Method 2.1 Definition 2.2 Implementation Formula 3 Developing Criteria for Evaluating Service Quality 4 Application in Service Quality Selection 5 Conclusion References Machine Learning Algorithm-Based Prediction of Hyperglycemia Risk After Acute Ischemic Stroke 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Approach 3.1 Basic Modules 3.2 Feature Extraction 3.3 Classification Prediction Model Based on 8 Machine Learning Algorithms 4 Experiment 4.1 Experiment Setting 4.2 Model Evaluation and Performance Comparison 5 Conclusion References Implementation of Campus Pedestrian Detection Using YOLOv5 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 YOLO Model 4 The Implementation and Results 5 Conclusion References Fick's Law Algorithm with Gaussian Mutation: Design and Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Proposed GM-FLA 2.1 Gaussian Mutation 2.2 GM-FLA Mathematical Model 2.3 Diffusion Operator (DO) 2.4 Equilibrium Operator (EO) 2.5 Steady-State Operator (SSO) 3 Experimental Design and Results 3.1 Results for 10D 3.2 Results for 50D 3.3 Convergence Curve 4 Conclusions References Barnacle Growth Algorithm (BGA): A New Bio-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Optimization Algorithm 2.1 Inspiration 2.2 Algorithm Structure 3 Experimental Result 3.1 Experimental Environment 3.2 Experimental Results on Convergence 4 City Power Transmission Management with BGA 5 Conclusions References The Effect of Wooden Floor Processing Procedures on Product Quality 1 Introduction 2 Research Purposes 3 Case Study Product Introduction 4 Methodology 5 Data Collection and Statistical Analysis 5.1 The Relationship Between Data Collection and Statistical Analysis 5.2 Analysis of Wear Resistance of Five Types of Unpainted Solid Wood 6 Conclusions References The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Quality Characteristics of Metal Materials 1 Introduction 2 Research Purposes 3 Case Study Product Introduction 4 Methodology 5 Data Collection and Analysis 5.1 Analysis of Medium Carbon Wheel Mold S45C115 mm 5.2 Analysis of Medium Carbon Gear S45C150 mm 5.3 Analysis of Guangyuan Iron Sleeve 46 mm Carburizing Heat Treatment 5.4 Analysis of Guangyuan Iron Sleeve 41.0 mm Carburizing Heat Treatment 6 Conclusions References Author Index