Gathering Hopewell: Society, Ritual, and Ritual Interaction (Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology)

Among the most socially and personally vocal archaeological remains on the North American continent are the massive and often complexly designed earthen architecture of Hopewellian peoples of two thousand years ago, their elaborately embellished works of art made of glistening metals and stones from faraway places, and their highly formalized mortuaries. In this book, twenty-one researchers in interwoven efforts immerse themselves and the reader in this vibrant archaeological record in order to richly reconstruct the societies, rituals, and ritual interactions of Hopewellian peoples. By finding the faces, actions, and motivations of Hopewellian peoples as individuals who constructed knowable social roles, the authors explore, in a personalized and locally contextualized manner, the details of Hopewellian life: leadership, its sacred and secular power bases, recruitment, and formalization over time; systems of social ranking and prestige; animal-totemic clan organization, kinship structures, and sodalities; gender roles, prestige, work load, and health; community organization in its tri-scalar residential, symbolic, and demographic forms; intercommunity alliances and changes in their strategies and expanses over time; and interregional travels for power questing, pilgrimage, healing, tutelage, and acquiring ritual knowledge. These and other aspects of Hopewellian life are revealed through the assembly of comprehensive data bases of unprecedented scale, most of which are fully reported in CD form for the benefit of other researchers. This book is useful to scholars, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates interested in the workings and development of social complexity at local and interregional scales, recent theoretical developments in the anthropology of the topics listed above, the prehistory of eastern North America, its history of intellectual development, and Native American ritual, symbolism, and belief. Dedication To Stuart Struever / Christopher Carr -- The Gathering Of Hopewell / Christopher Carr And D. Troy Case -- Historical Insight Into The Directions And Limitations Of Recent Research On Hopewell / Christopher Carr -- Salient Issues In The Social And Political Organizations Of Northern Hopewellian Peoples : Contextualizing, Personalizing, And Generating Hopewell / Christopher Carr ; With An Appendix By William F. Romain -- Community Organizations In The Scioto, Mann, And Havana Hopewellian Regions : A Comparative Perspective / Bret J. Ruby, Christopher Carr And Douglas K. Charles -- The Nature Of Leadership In Ohio Hopewellian Societies : Role Segregation And The Transformation From Shamanism / Christopher Carr And D. Troy Case -- The Question Of Ranking In Havana Hopewellian Societies : A Retrospective In Light Of Multi-cemetery Ceremonial Organization / Christopher Carr --^ The Tripartite Ceremonial Alliance Among Scioto Hopewellian Communities And The Question Of Social Ranking / Christopher Carr -- Animal-totemic Clans Of Ohio Hopewellian Peoples / Chad R. Thomas, Christopher Carr And Cynthia Keller -- Gender, Status, And Ethnicity In The Scioto, Miami, And Northeastern Ohio Hopewellian Regions, As Evidenced By Mortuary Practices / Stephanie Field, Anne J. Goldberg And Tina Lee -- Gender And Social Differentiation Within The Turner Population, Ohio, As Evidenced By Activity-induced Musculoskeletal Stress Markers / Teresa Rodrigues -- Gender, Role, Prestige, And Ritual Interaction Across The Ohio, Mann, And Havana Hopewellian Regions, As Evidenced By Ceramic Figurines / Cynthia Keller And Christopher Carr -- Scioto Hopewell Ritual Gatherings : A Review And Discussion Of Previous Interpretations And Data / Christopher Carr --^ Estimating The Sizes And Social Compositions Of Mortuary-related Gatherings At Scioto Hopewell Earthwork-mound Sites / Christopher Carr, Beau J. Goldstein And Jaimin Weets -- Smoking Pipe Compositions And Styles As Evidence Of The Social Affiliations Of Mortuary Ritual Participants At The Tremper Site, Ohio / Jaimin Weets [and Others] -- Ceramic Vessel Compositions And Styles As Evidence Of The Local And Nonlocal Social Affiliations Of Ritual Participants At The Mann Site, Indiana / Bret J. Ruby And Christine M. Shriner -- Rethinking Interregional Hopewellian Interaction / Christopher Carr -- Hopewellian Copper Celts From Eastern North America : Their Social And Symbolic Significance / Wesley Bernadini And Christopher Carr -- Hopewellian Panpipes From Eastern North America : Their Social, Ritual, And Symbolic Significance / Gina Turff And Christopher Carr --^ Hopewellian Copper Earspools From Eastern North America : The Social, Ritual, And Symbolic Significance Of Their Contexts And Distribution / Katharine C. Ruhl -- Hopewellian Silver And Silver Artifacts From Eastern North America : Their Sources, Procurement, Distribution, And Meanings / Michael W. Spence And Brian J. Fryer. Edited By Christopher Carr And D. Troy Case. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 735-778) And Index. System Requirements For Accompanying Cd-rom: Microsoft Word ; Microsoft Excel ; Cd-rom Drive. Contents......Page 16 Dedication to Stuart Struever......Page 19 I. GENERAL INTRODUCTION......Page 34 1. The Gathering of Hopewell......Page 35 2. Historical Insight into the Directions and Limitations of Recent Research on Hopewell......Page 67 II. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS OF NORTHERN HOPEWELLIAN PEOPLES......Page 87 3. Salient Issues in the Social and Political Organizations of Northern Hopewellian Peoples: Contextualizing, Personalizing, and Generating Hopewell......Page 88 4. Community Organizations in the Scioto, Mann, and Havana Hopewellian Regions: A Comparative Perspective......Page 134 5. The Nature of Leadership in Ohio Hopewellian Societies: Role Segregation and the Transformation from Shamanism......Page 192 6. The Question of Ranking in Havana Hopewellian Societies: A Retrospective in Light of Multi-cemetery Ceremonial Organization......Page 253 7. The Tripartite Ceremonial Alliance among Scioto Hopewellian Communities and the Question of Social Ranking......Page 273 8. Animal-Totemic Clans of Ohio Hopewellian Peoples......Page 354 9. Gender, Status, and Ethnicity in the Scioto, Miami, and Northeastern Ohio Hopewellian Regions, as Evidenced by Mortuary Practices......Page 401 10. Gender and Social Differentiation within the Turner Population, Ohio, as Evidenced by Activity-Induced Musculoskeletal Stress Markers......Page 420 11. Gender, Role, Prestige, and Ritual Interaction across the Ohio, Mann, and Havana Hopewellian Regions, as Evidenced by Ceramic Figurines......Page 443 III. RITUAL GATHERINGS OF NORTHERN HOPEWELLIAN PEOPLES......Page 476 12. Scioto Hopewell Ritual Gatherings: A Review and Discussion of Previous Interpretations and Data......Page 477 13. Estimating the Sizes and Social Compositions of Mortuary-Related Gatherings at Scioto Hopewell Earthwork–Mound Sites......Page 494 14. Smoking Pipe Compositions and Styles as Evidence of the Social Affiliations of Mortuary Ritual Participants at the Tremper Site, Ohio......Page 547 15. Ceramic Vessel Compositions and Styles as Evidence of the Local and Nonlocal Social Affiliations of Ritual Participants at the Mann Site, Indiana......Page 567 IV. HOPEWELLIAN RITUAL CONNECTIONS ACROSS EASTERN NORTH AMERICA......Page 587 16. Rethinking Interregional Hopewellian “Interaction”......Page 588 17. Hopewellian Copper Celts from Eastern North America: Their Social and Symbolic Significance......Page 637 18. Hopewellian Panpipes from Eastern North America: Their Social, Ritual, and Symbolic Significance......Page 661 19. Hopewellian Copper Earspools from Eastern North America: The Social, Ritual, and Symbolic Significance of Their Contexts and Distribution......Page 709 20. Hopewellian Silver and Silver Artifacts from Eastern North America: Their Sources, Procurement, Distribution, and Meanings......Page 727 References......Page 747 List of Tables......Page 791 List of Figures......Page 795 List of Appendices on Compact Disk......Page 798 A......Page 802 C......Page 803 E......Page 805 F......Page 806 H......Page 807 J......Page 808 M......Page 809 P......Page 811 R......Page 812 S......Page 813 T......Page 817 Y......Page 818 Among the most socially and personally vocal archaeological remains on the North American continent are the massive and often complexly designed earthen architecture of Hopewellian peoples of two thousand years ago, their elaborately embellished works of art made of glistening metals and stones from faraway places, and their highly formalized mortuaries. In this book, twenty-one researchers in interwoven efforts immerse themselves and the reader in this vibrant archaeological record in order to richly reconstruct the faces, actions, and motivations Hopewellian people in their social and ritual life. Using a personalized and locally contextualized approach, the authors explore Hopewellian leadership, systems of social ranking and prestige, animal-totemic clan organization, kinship structures, sodalities, gender, community organizations, strategies of intercommunity alliance, and interregional travels for power questing, pilgrimage, healing, tutelage, and acquiring rituals. "Seldom does a small group of scholars and their research have the opportunity to remake an entire field of inquiry. Christopher Carr, Troy Case, and their colleagues and students have done so. Gathering Hopewell provides new and strong foundations for a truly social and cultural archaeology and offers solid direction for future work on the spectacular remains of prehistoric "Hopewell" groups of Eastern North America. This work offers an unmatched conjunction of social and cultural theory, great scholarly imagination, and unprecedented empirical evidence."--Christopher Peebles, Professor of Anthropology, Indiana University "Gathering Hopewell is, by any measure, an outstanding contribution to knowledge about one of the most important, but least understood, cultural developments in eastern North America. This authoritative, comprehensive, and provocative book will no doubt prove to be a much-welcomed watershed in Hopewell-related research."--George Milner, Professor of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University "Gathering Hopewell is remarkable in its humanizing of Hopewellian archaeological records and synthesis of Hopewellian life. Its represents a major advance in archaeological mortuary theory and analysis and their potential for understanding past societies."--Robert Mainfort, Professor of Anthropology, Arkansas Archaeological Survey Accompanying CD-ROM contains ... "assembly of comprehensive databases of unprecedented scale, most of which are fully reported in CD form for the benefit of other researchers."--Page 4 of cover.