Gastrointestinal Motility : Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Gastrointestinal Motility Held in Aix-en-Provence, France, September 12–16, 1983

This volume reviews the most recent knowledge in the field of gastrointestinal motility in health and disease. The topics addressed include basic as well as clinical data concerning the motor functions of the entire gut: the lower oesophageal sphincter and the gastro-oesophageal reflux; the gastric emptying and the role of the pylorus; the motility of the biliary tract and its disorders; the cyclic motor activity of the gut and intestinal transit; the colonic and ano-rectal motility. There are also impOltant contributions in physiology and pharmacology relating to the neurohumoral regulation of the gut, and the function of digestive smooth muscle. Several papers explore the nature of the linkage between brain and gut. a link which has long been deduced by clinicians but not, until recently, systematically explored by scientists. The individual papers, selected from a large number of submissions, have been subject to 'peer-review' by an inter­ national committee which includes both cliniCians and basic scientists. Therefore this book should serve as an up to date source of information for researchers concerned with basic sciences as well as for clinicians in gastroenterology, medicine and surgery. C. Roman v This volume is dedicated to the memory of two friends and colleagues: Professor Dr J. HELLEMANS Professor Dr H. MONGES Acknowledgments This was the 9th of this series of symposia held alternatively in Europe and North America, and the first to be held in France. Front Matter....Pages i-xxxi Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Effects of Vagal Deafferentation on Oesophageal Motility in the Conscious Sheep....Pages 3-8 Electrophysiological and Pharmacological Characterization of the NANC Nerve Mediated Inhibition of the Circular Muscle Layer of the Opossum Esophagus....Pages 9-16 The Edrophonium Response: Use in Diagnosis and Possible Understanding of Mechanisms of Esophageal Chest Pain....Pages 17-22 The Diabetic Esophagus — Revisited....Pages 23-24 Abnormalities of Esophageal Motor Function in Diabetic Patients....Pages 25-28 In Vitro Study of the Effects of Leu-Enkephalin and Related Drugs on the Vagally Induced Responses of the Cat Lower Esophageal Sphincter....Pages 29-36 Relation between Lower Esophageal Sphincter Pressure and Plasma Concentration of Neurotensin (1–13) during Intravenous Infusion of Neurotensin (1–13) and (Gln 4 )-Neurotensin (1–13) in Man....Pages 37-44 D -Pro 2 , D -Trp 7,9 Substance P: an Effective Antagonist of Exogenous and Endogenous Substance P....Pages 45-50 Relationship of Functional Changes to Structural Changes in Megaesophagus of Chagas’ Disease....Pages 51-58 Developmental Characteristics of the Kitten Lower Esophageal Sphincter....Pages 59-60 Variability of Pressure and Myoelectrical Activity Recorded from the Lower Esophageal Sphincter of Fasted Conscious Opossums....Pages 61-62 Reflux Characteristics in Health and Disease....Pages 63-70 Front Matter....Pages 71-71 Effect of Dopamine or Dopamine Blocker on the Antral Motility in Isolated Perfused Rat Stomach....Pages 73-73 Dual Effect of Substance P on Canine Antral Muscle....Pages 75-76 Regulation of Gastric Antral Slow Wave Frequency by Prostaglandins....Pages 77-85 Mechanical Activity of Isolated Human Pyloric Muscle, in Comparison with Canine Pylorus....Pages 87-94 Stimulating Effects of Cisapride on Antroduodenal Motility in the Conscious Dog....Pages 95-102 Changes in the Innervation of the Fundus after Subtotal Gastrectomy....Pages 103-110 Studies on the Process of Gastric Emptying....Pages 111-118 The Timing of Pyloric Closure in Man: Studies with Impedence Electrodes....Pages 119-120 Front Matter....Pages 71-71 Effect of Nervous Stimulation on Pyloric Resistance and Configuration....Pages 121-128 Small Intestinal Regulation of Gastric Emptying....Pages 129-140 Vagal Osmosensitive Receptors Located in the Small Intestine. Role in Gastric Emptying....Pages 141-142 Gastric Emptying in Asymptomatic Partial Gastrectomy (B-II) Patients....Pages 143-148 Effects of Bombesin on Gastric Emptying of Solids in Normal and Antrectomized Subjects: Evidence for an Action at the Distal Stomach....Pages 149-156 Involvement of Endogenous Opiates in Radiation-Induced Suppression of Gastric Emptying....Pages 157-158 Gastrointestinal Contractile Activity Associated with Vomiting in the Dog....Pages 159-165 Vagal Control of Gastrointestinal Tract during Vomiting....Pages 167-176 Front Matter....Pages 177-177 Enkephalins Mediate Cholecystokinin-Induced Gallbladder Contraction in the Guinea Pig....Pages 179-179 Intramural Innervation of the Opossum Sphincter of Oddi....Pages 181-182 The Relationship between Gastrointestinal Cyclic Motor Activity and Gallbladder Emptying in Humans....Pages 183-185 Defective Gallbladder Contractility Associated with Increased Bile Lithogenicity in Ground Squirrels and Prairie Dogs....Pages 187-194 Prostaglandins Modulate Human Gallbladder Motility....Pages 195-202 Fasting Canine Biliary Secretion and the Sphincter of Oddi....Pages 203-204 Stomach Motility Modulates Bile Flow in the Pig....Pages 205-211 Front Matter....Pages 213-213 Effects of Peptide YY and Porcine Pancreatic Polypeptide on Migrating Myoelectric Complexes in the Small Intestine of the Rat....Pages 215-222 Motilin Release and the Migrating Myoelectric Complexes....Pages 223-230 Motilin and Myoelectric Complexes in the Pig....Pages 231-237 Somatostatin Induces Ectopic Activity Fronts of the Migrating Motor Complexes via a Local Intestinal Mechanism....Pages 239-241 Morphine Initiated Migrating Myoelectric Complexes in Post-Prandial State in Dog: Changes in Refractoriness of MMC Mechanism....Pages 243-244 Front Matter....Pages 213-213 The Effect of Morphine on Motility, Flow and Transit in the Human Ileocolonic Junctional Region....Pages 245-246 Blockade of Migrating Myoelectric Complexes by Naloxone....Pages 247-248 Effect of Intraduodenal Bile on Myoelectrical Activity of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract and Sphincter of Oddi....Pages 249-256 Nocturnal Motor Activity of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract, and Plasma Levels of Entero-Pancreatic Hormones and Primary Bile Acids in Man....Pages 257-264 The Development of Fasting Small Intestinal Motility in the Human Neonate....Pages 265-270 Feeding Behaviour and the Migrating Myoelectric Complex....Pages 271-275 Does Exercise Affect the Migrating Motor Complex in Man?....Pages 277-284 Sham Feeding Amplifies the Secretory Component of Interdigestive Activity....Pages 285-285 Jejunal Motility in Dystrophia Myotonica: a Manometric Study of Migrating Motor Complex....Pages 287-295 Modification of the Interdigestive Migrating Motor Complex (IMMC) in Patients with Partial Gastrectomy and Gastrojejunostomy....Pages 297-298 Disorganisation of the Interdigestive Small Bowel Motility by E. coli Endotoxin in the Rat....Pages 299-304 Abnormal Gastrointestinal Motility in Diabetics and after Vagotomy....Pages 305-310 Stimulation of Action Potential Complexes by Fluid Distension of Rabbit Small Intestine — Evidence that Migrating Action Potential Complexes are a Non-specific Myoelectric Response....Pages 311-318 Electrical Activity of an Intrinsically Denervated Jejunum of the Unanesthetized Rat....Pages 319-325 Evidence for a Muscarinic Inhibitory Brake Activated by Peptides in the Canine Small Intestine....Pages 327-333 The Ileal Brake: a Potent Mechanism for Feedback Control of Gastric Emptying and Small Bowel Transit....Pages 335-342 Comparison of Neurotensin and Fat on Myoelectric Activity Pattern of the Small Bowel....Pages 343-348 Modulation of Rat Small Bowel Motor Activity by Food and Peptides....Pages 349-353 Dose-Dependent Effects of Ceruletide on Jejunal Motor Activity and on Experimentally Induced Pain in Healthy Humans....Pages 355-356 Indomethacin-Induced Spiking Activity in Rabbit Ileum: in Vivo Interactions of Prostaglandins and Cholinergic Neurotransmission....Pages 357-363 Front Matter....Pages 213-213 Electrical Activity of Cat Intestine Following Defunctionalization....Pages 365-372 Vagal and Splanchnic Influences on Small Intestinal Motility in the Anaesthetized Ferret....Pages 373-380 Front Matter....Pages 381-381 Relationship between Contractile and Intracellular Electrical Activities in Canine Colon Muscle Layers....Pages 383-388 Modulation of the Pacemaker Activity in Circular Muscle of the Canine Colon....Pages 389-396 Longitudinal and Circular Muscle of the Canine Colon have Different and Characteristic Electrical and Mechanical Activities....Pages 397-403 The Relationship between Extracellular and Intracellular Slow Waves....Pages 405-411 The Electrical Basis for the Inhibitory Response of the Guinea Pig Internal Anal Sphincter to Nerve Stimulation and Drugs....Pages 413-420 Effects of Salicylic Acid (SA) and Aspirin (ASA) on Met-Enkephalin (FK) and Acetylcholine (ACH) Stimulated Motility of the Isolated Rat Colon....Pages 421-422 Effect of Leu-Enkephalin on Synaptic Transmission in the Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion....Pages 423-424 Effects of Trimebutine (TMB) on Spontaneous Electrical Activity and on Junction Potentials Evoked by Parasympathetic Nerve Stimulation in Cat and Rabbit Colon....Pages 425-426 Food Increases the Propagating Myoelectric Spiking Activity in the Human Colon....Pages 427-431 Effects of Pancreatic Polypeptide, NPY and PYY in Relation to Sympathetic Influence on Colonic Motility and Blood Flow....Pages 433-440 Ultrasound Used to Measure the Response of Colonic Motility to Essential Oils....Pages 441-448 Nervous Reflexes Involved in the Co-ordination of the Motility of internal Anal Sphincter and Urinary Bladder....Pages 449-450 Relaxations of the Internal Anal Sphincter Elicited by Rectal and Extrarectal Distensions in Man....Pages 451-458 Rectal Function in Patients with Idiopathic Chronic Constipation....Pages 459-466 Severe, Idiopathic Constipation is Caused by a Distinct Abnormality of the Colonic Myenteric Plexus (Abstract)....Pages 467-468 Physiological Study of the Lower Digestive Tract in Primary Constipation....Pages 469-475 Intestinal Transit time is Related with Different Anorectal Motility Patterns in Chronic Non-Organic Constipation....Pages 477-481 Is Incontinence in Diabetes Mellitus due to Diabetic Autonomous Neuropathy?....Pages 483-484 Front Matter....Pages 485-485 Correlation between the Electrical Properties and Morphological Characteristics in the Smooth Muscle Cells during Culture....Pages 487-494 Interstitial Cells of Cajal: Selective Uptake of Methylene Blue Inhibits Slow Wave Activity....Pages 495-502 The Mechanism of Action of Pentagastrin on Circular Muscle from Canine Gastric Corpus....Pages 503-507 Role of Bombesin in Muscularis Mucosa of Canine Colon....Pages 509-510 Effect of Substance P on Non-Cholinergic Post-Stimulus Depolarization of the Circular Smooth Muscle of the Guinea Pig Ileum....Pages 511-512 Gastrointestinal Motility Stimulating Properties of Cisapride, a Non-Antidopaminergic Non-Cholinergic Compound....Pages 513-520 Characterization of 125 I-Trp 11 -Neurotensin Binding to Rat Fundus Smooth Muscle Plasma Membranes....Pages 521-525 Facilitation and Inhibition by 5-Hydroxytryptamine and R 51 619 of Acetylcholine Release from Guinea Pig Myenteric Neurones....Pages 527-534 The Interaction of Adenosine with Isolated Myenteric Nerve Varicosities....Pages 535-542 Effect of Peptide YY on Contractile Activity in the Stomach of Heidenhain Pouch Dogs....Pages 543-547 Alterations of Digestive Motility by Escherichia coli Endotoxin in Rabbits Mediated through Central Opiate Receptors....Pages 549-556 Central Effects of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone on Gastrointestinal Motility in Fasted and Fed Rats....Pages 557-564 The Brain-Gut Axis: a Physiological Model....Pages 565-568 Spinal, Supraspinal and Peripheral Sites of Opioid Intestinal Actions....Pages 569-575 Centrally-Administered Bombesin Delays Small Intestinal Transit but Stimulates Motility in the Rat....Pages 577-582 Effects of Hindbrain L-Glutamic Acid Application on Gastrointestinal Motor Function in the Cat....Pages 583-591 Lecture....Pages 593-612