از ممکس تا هایپرمتن: وانوار بوش و ماشین ذهن

Vannevar Bush, the engineer who designed the world's most powerful analog computer, predicted the development of a new kind of computing machine he called Memex. For many computer and information scientists, Bush's Memex has been the prototype for a machine to help people think. This book contains Bush's essays, and original essays by academic and commercial researchers relating the state of art in personal computing, hypertext and information retrieval software to bush's ideas and Memex. Contributors vii Preface ix Part 1: The Creation of Memex Vannevar Bush and the Differential Analyzer: The Text and Context of an Early Computer 3 Larry Owens A Machine for the Mind: Vannevar Bush's Memex 39 Janes M. Nyce and Paul Kahn The Inscrutable 'Thirties 67 Vannevar Bush Memorandum Regarding Memex 81 Vannevar Bush As We May Think 85 Vannevar Bush Part 2: The Extension of Memex The Idea of a Machine: The Later Memex Essays 113 Paul Kahn and James M. Nyce A Practical View of Memex: The Career of the Rapid Selector 145 Colin Burke Memex II 165 Vannevar Bush Science Pauses 185 Vannevar Bush Memex Revisited 197 Vannevar Bush From "Of Inventions and Inventors" 217 Vannevar Bush Part 3: The Legacy of Memex Letter to Vannevar Bush and Program On Human Effectiveness 235 Douglas C. Engelbart As We Will Think 245 Theodor H. Nelson Memex as an Image of Potentiality Revisited 261 Linda C. Smith Hypertext-Does It Reduce Cholesterol, Too? 287 Norman Meyrowitz Memex: Getting Back on the Trail 319 Tim Oren Aristotle's Library: Memex as Vision and Hypertext as Reality 339 Gregory Crane From Trailblazing to Guided Tours: The Legacy of Vannevar Bush's Vision of Hypertext Use 353 Randall H. Trigg In 1945, Vannevar Bush, the engineer who designed the world's most powerful analog computers and the official responsible for U.S. scientific research and development during WWII, published an essay in which he predicted the development of a new kind of computing machine he called Memex. Today, computers in millions of offices and homes perform tasks that closely resemble the ideas that Bush proposed. For many people in the fields of computer and information science, Bush's Memex has been the prototype of the personal computer, and the first design for a machine to help people think and manage information. Yet, with all its renown, Memex is largely misunderstood. In From Memex to Hypertext, all of Bush's writings about Memex have been collected for the first time. Surrounding Bush's essays are chapters by historians and leading figures in the computer science research community telling the story of how the idea of Memex was developed and how Bush's writings have influenced today's research agenda in hypertext, multimedia, and artificial intelligence. Vannevar Bush was a professor at MIT best known for his work in analog computing carried out in the 1930s. He led high profile projects such as the Rockefeller differential analyzer and famously sketched out a speculative model for information retrieval called Memex, which many now see as an early conceptual pre-cursor to hypertext. This edition compiles an overview of his work, his influential 1945 essay, 'As We May Think', as well as other essays on Memex, alongside several critical analyses of his contributions. Vannevar Bush, the engineer who designed the world's most powerful analog computer, predicted the development of a new kind of computing machine he called Memex. For many computer and information scientists, Bush's Memex has been the prototype for a machine to help people think. This book contains Bush's essays, and original essays by academic and commerical researchers relating the state of art in personal computing, hypertext and information retrieval software to bush's ideas and Memex.