Free Radicals in Biology and Environment (Nato Science Partnership Subseries: 3, 27)

Our understanding of the quantitative aspects of free radical chemistry and the involvement of radicals in such areas as biology, medicine, the environment, etc., has developed spectacularly over recent years, yet the various topics are commonly discussed separately, in specific meetings and specialised publications. __Free____Radicals in Biology and Environment__ draws together two important areas of free radical chemistry, using as a bridge the fundamental physical chemistry of free radicals (spectroscopic detection of free radicals, evaluation of absolute rate constants, elucidation of mechanisms of free radical reactions and catalysis, photochemical and radiation processes, etc.). The most relevant topics covered are the EPR detection of radicals in biochemical systems and in pollutant formation and degradation, oxidation processes in biology and in the troposphere, radiation and induced damage, and atmospheric pollutants arising from incomplete combustion. Also covered are the chemistry and biochemistry of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, the chemistry and biochemistry of DNA radicals, the role of radicals in myeloperoxidase, lignineperoxidase, radicals and cardiovascular injury, radiation and the fragmentation of cells and tissues. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Electron Spin Resonance Investigations of Free Radical Toxicology....Pages 1-27 Application of Electron Spin Resonance-Spin Trapping (EPR-ST) to the Demonstration of Biologically Relevant Free Radicals....Pages 29-37 31 P Labeled Cyclic Nitrones: A New Class of Spin Traps for Free Radicals in Biological Milieu....Pages 39-47 EPR Studies of Fenton-Type Reactions in Copper- Peroxide Systems....Pages 49-62 Factors Controlling the Addition of Carbon Centered Radicals to Alkenes and Alkynes....Pages 63-78 Exploring Iron-Plus-Hydroperoxide-Based “Oxygen Activation” Systems. Or: It’s Hard to Keep a Good Radical Down!....Pages 79-90 Hypersensitive Probing for Radicals in Cytochrome P450 Hydroxylations....Pages 91-108 Mechanisms of the Oxidation of Alkylaromatics and Aromatic Sulfides by Cytochrome P-450 and Peroxidases....Pages 109-119 Mechanisms of Oxidation of Hydrocarbons, Lipids and Low Density Lipoproteins....Pages 121-131 Radicals in Aqueous Solution from Fe(III) Complexes with Macrocyclic Ligands Containing Phenolates....Pages 133-144 Ion Radicals and Free Radicals in the Processes of the Electrochemical Conversion of CO 2 , SO 2 , NO and Freons to Valuable Organic Products....Pages 145-159 The Photochemical Approach to the Functionalization of Alkanes....Pages 161-168 Bond Dissociation Energies of Phenolic and Amine Antioxidants....Pages 169-179 Dihydrolipoic Acid and Coenzyme Q, Two Natural Compounds with Pro- and Antioxidation Function....Pages 181-192 Antioxidant Dihydropyridines, A New and Comprehensive Therapy for Free Radical-Induced Cardiovascular Diseases....Pages 193-221 Indolinic and Quinolinic Aminoxyls as Biological Antioxidants....Pages 223-232 Extremely Efficient Antioxidants Evolved into Environment from Aging Polymeric Materials: Chemiluminescent Monitoring....Pages 233-250 Radicals Derived from Amino Acid and Protein Hydroperoxides — Key Mediators in Protein Damage ?....Pages 251-262 Molecular Pathology of Oxidative Damage Induced by the Myeloperoxidase System of Activated Phagocytes....Pages 263-270 Chemistry and Biochemistry of DNA Radicals....Pages 271-280 Free Radical Chemistry Associated with C-1’ Position of Nucleosides and Nucleic Acids....Pages 281-292 Free-Radical Mechanisms of Action of UV and Laser Radiation on Human Blood Cells and Tissues....Pages 293-303 Free Radical Reactions in Mechanisms of Damage, Repair and Protection of Blood Systems....Pages 305-315 Radiation-Induced Free Radical Fragmentation of Cell Membrane Components and the Respective Model Compounds....Pages 317-329 Aspects of Nitric Oxide Chemistry and Biochemistry....Pages 331-349 Nitrites and Nitrates as Exogenous Sources of Nitric Oxide in the Animal Organism....Pages 351-363 Free Radicals in the Atmosphere: The Motor of Tropospheric Oxidation Processes....Pages 365-385 Degradation of Atmospheric Pollutants by Tropospheric Free Radical Reactions....Pages 387-408 Nighttime Tropospheric Chemistry: The Reactivity of Alkyl- and Alkoxytoluenes with NO 3 in Gas Phase....Pages 409-422 Interaction of Radicals with Atmospheric Aerosols....Pages 423-435 Radical Reactivity Modified by Adsorption onto Surfaces and by Complexation with Metals....Pages 437-448 Free Radical Reactions Catalyzed by Peroxidases from White Rot Fungi....Pages 449-465 Reactions of the Atoms of Oxygen and Hydrogen with the Surfaces of Mineral Salts....Pages 467-474 Free Radicals in Natural Water....Pages 475-489 Back Matter....Pages 491-500

Our understanding of the quantitative aspects of free radical chemistry and the involvement of radicals in such areas as biology, medicine, the environment, etc., has developed spectacularly over recent years, yet the various topics are commonly discussed separately, in specific meetings and specialised publications. Free Radicals in Biology and Environment draws together two important areas of free radical chemistry, using as a bridge the fundamental physical chemistry of free radicals (spectroscopic detection of free radicals, evaluation of absolute rate constants, elucidation of mechanisms of free radical reactions and catalysis, phohemical and radiation processes, etc.).
The most relevant topics covered are the EPR detection of radicals in biochemical systems and in pollutant formation and degradation, oxidation processes in biology and in the troposphere, radiation and induced damage, and atmospheric pollutants arising from incomplete combustion. Also covered are the chemistry and biochemistry of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, the chemistry and biochemistry of DNA radicals, the role of radicals in myeloperoxidase, lignineperoxidase, radicals and cardiovascular injury, radiation and the fragmentation of cells and tissues.

Our understanding of the quantitative aspects of free radical chemistry and the involvement of radicals in such areas as biology, medicine, the environment, etc., has developed spectacularly over recent years, yet the various topics are commonly discussed separately, in specific meetings and specialised publications. Free Radicals in Biology and Environment draws together two important areas of free radical chemistry, using as a bridge the fundamental physical chemistry of free radicals (spectroscopic detection of free radicals, evaluation of absolute rate constants, elucidation of mechanisms of free radical reactions and catalysis, photochemical and radiation processes, etc.). The most relevant topics covered are the EPR detection of radicals in biochemical systems and in pollutant formation and degradation, oxidation processes in biology and in the troposphere, radiation and induced damage, and atmospheric pollutants arising from incomplete combustion. Also covered are the chemistry and biochemistry of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, the chemistry and biochemistry of DNA radicals, the role of radicals in myeloperoxidase, lignineperoxidase, radicals and cardiovascular injury, radiation and the fragmentation of cells and tissues. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Bardolino, Italy, 21-26 June 1996