Frankish Rural Settlement In The Latin Kingdom Of Jerusalem (cambridge Ocr Advanced Sciences)

This book is a study of the spatial distribution of Frankish settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem at the time of the Crusades, and is based on an unprecedented field study of more than two hundred Frankish rural sites and on a close reexamination of the historical sources. The author reexamines some of the basic assumptions of standard recent scholarship, and advocates a new model of the nature of Frankish settlement, as a society of migrants who settled in the Levant, had close relations with Eastern Christians, and were almost completely shut off from the Muslim society that lived elsewhere in the country. Cover 1 Half-title 5 Title 7 Copyright 8 Contents 9 List of illustrations 13 List of tables 15 Acknowledgments 16 List of abbreviations 18 Map 1 Frankish rural sites in Palestine 20 PART I: PRESENTATION OF THE PROBLEM 25 1 A segregated society or an integrated society? 27 The existing model — a segregated society 29 The previous model — an integrated society 34 2 Criticism of the existing model 36 The model proposed in the present study 60 PART II: THE CASTRUM, THE BURGUS, AND THE VILLAGE 63 3 Castellum Regis 65 4 Evidence about the existence of Frankish settlements 78 5 The rights and duties of the Frankish settlers in Casale Imbert and Nova Villa 88 Casale Imbert 89 Nova Villa, next to Magna Mahomeria 92 6 The settlers: places of origin and occupations 97 The Frankish village of Magna Mahomeria 97 Lists of occupations of the Frankish settlers 106 7 The geographic layout of a Frankish village: the example of Parva Mahomeria 110 8 The neighborhood of a Frankish castrum: the fields and the role played by the castellan 119 9 A church as the nucleus of a settlement 127 Castellum Sancti Egidii 127 The castellum at Emmaus 133 10 Mixed Frankish and local Christian settlements 143 11 Frankish settlements and the collection of tithes 169 PART III: THE ISOLATED DWELLINGS 181 12 The list of Jean of Ibelin 183 13 Frankish settlement in the fief of the Camerarius Regis 197 14 Farm houses and manor houses 201 15 Administration of rural estates 216 16 Settlement activities of the military orders: the castle and flour mills in Dacuq (Casale Doc) and Recordana 227 PART IV: THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FRANKISH SETTLEMENT 233 17 The boundaries of Frankish settlement in Western Galilee and Samaria 235 18 The spatial distribution of Frankish settlement north of Jerusalem 244 The cultural border in Central Samaria 247 The Galilee Borderline in the Byzantine period 252 Cultural frontiers in the Latin Kingdom 253 19 Spatial distribution of Christian and Muslim settlements in Samaria 256 20 Differential geographical changes and the cultural borders of Samaria and the Galilee 275 21 Summary and conclusions 299 Bibliography 310 Primary sources 310 Secondary references 318 Index 332 This book is a study of the spatial distribution of Frankish settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem at the time of the Crusades, and of the spatial and social interrelation between the Franks and the indigenous population. It is based on an unprecedented field study of more than two hundred Frankish rural sites and on a close re-examination of the historical sources. The division of the country between Christian and Muslim populations is explained by the far-reaching social process of nomadisation and sedentarisation which began with the Muslim conquest in the seventh century and which reached its zenith before the Frankish conquest of the country. The author re-examines some of the basic assumptions of standard recent scholarship, and advocates a new model of the nature of Frankish settlement, as a society of migrants who settled in the Levant, had close relations with eastern Christians, and were almost completely shut off from the Muslim society which lived elsewhere in the country.