Foundations of Programming Through BASIC

PREFACE ......Page 7 CONTENTS ......Page 11 ONE : INTRODUCTION ......Page 17 1.1 Languages for Procedures ......Page 19 1.2 Capabilities of Computers ......Page 20 1.4 BASIC and Its Many Dialects ......Page 23 1.5 Making Contact with the Computer ......Page 25 1.6 Did You Make a Mistake? ......Page 27 TWO : THE BASICS OF BASIC ......Page 28 2.1 Tell the Computer to Do Something ......Page 29 2.2 Arithmetic ......Page 32 2.3 An Application ......Page 36 2.4 INPUT Statements ......Page 37 2.5 Loops and GOTO Statements ......Page 41 2.6 Assignment Statements ......Page 43 2.7 IF Statements ......Page 45 2.8 PRINT Control ......Page 47 2.9 READ-DATA Statements ......Page 48 2.10 Library Functions ......Page 50 2.11 Program Files 37 Terms and Concepts 41 Summary ......Page 57 Exercises ......Page 61 THREE : STRUCTURE OF PROGRAMS ......Page 65 Summary ......Page 74 Exercises ......Page 75 FOUR : FLOWCHARTING ......Page 77 Summary ......Page 87 Exercises ......Page 88 FIVE : TRANSLATING PROCEDURES INTO BASIC ......Page 92 5.1 Blocking Statements as Subroutines ......Page 97 5.2 Translating IF-THEN-ELSE Statements into BASIC ......Page 101 5.3 Translating WHILE and REPEAT-UNTIL Statements in BASIC ......Page 110 Summary ......Page 113 Exercises ......Page 115 SIX : DEBUGGING AND TESTING ......Page 118 6.2 Tracing a Computation by Hand ......Page 119 6.3 Computer Tracing ......Page 124 6.4 Program Testing 109 Summary ......Page 127 Exercises ......Page 128 SEVEN : AN EXAMPLE ......Page 131 7.1 Checking the Procedure ......Page 136 Exercises ......Page 139 EIGHT : FILES ......Page 141 8.1 Sequential Files ......Page 144 8.2 Sequential File Operations on the DEC PDP-10 ......Page 148 8.3 Sequential File Operations in Hewlett-Packard BASIC ......Page 153 8.4 Direct Access Files ......Page 157 8.5 Direct Access File Operations in Hewlett-Packard BASIC ......Page 161 8.6 Direct Access File Operations on the DEC PDP-10 147 Summary ......Page 169 Exercises ......Page 170 NINE : ARRAYS ......Page 172 9.1 Single-Dimensioned Arrays ......Page 175 9.2 FOR-NEXT Statements ......Page 179 9.3 Two-Dimensional Arrays 168 Summary ......Page 190 Exercises ......Page 191 TEN : PRINT CONTROL ......Page 194 Summary ......Page 203 Exercises ......Page 204 ELEVEN : USER-DEFINED FUNCTIONS ......Page 206 Summary ......Page 210 Exercises ......Page 211 TWELVE : MATRIX OPERATIONS ......Page 212 12.1 Initializing Statements ......Page 214 12.2 Input/Output Statements ......Page 216 12.3 Arithmetic Operations ......Page 218 12.4 An Application: A Message Network ......Page 220 Exercises ......Page 227 THIRTEEN : SORTING AND SEARCHING ......Page 230 13.1 A Sorting Procedure ......Page 231 13.2 Sorting an Existing List ......Page 235 13.3 Sorting Multiple Entries ......Page 238 13.4 Searching 226 Exercises ......Page 245 FOURTEEN : NUMERICAL METHODS ......Page 246 14.1 Approximate Numbers ......Page 247 14.2 Finding Roots of Functions ......Page 248 14.3 Finding Areas Under Curves ......Page 255 Exercises ......Page 261 FIFTEEN : MODELING AND SIMULATION ......Page 262 15.1 A Population Model and Simulation ......Page 264 15.2 Stochasdc Models and Random Numbers ......Page 268 15.3 An Example of a Stochasdc Model and Simulation ......Page 270 Exercises ......Page 273 APPENDIX : DIFFERENCES AMONG BASIC SYSTEMS ......Page 275 A. 1 Log-on and Log-off Procedures ......Page 276 A.2 Differences in BASIC Statements ......Page 279 A.3 Differences in BASIC Commands ......Page 282 INDEX ......Page 285