Fortress California, 1910-1961 : from warfare to welfare

Urbanization and wars have been two of the most important continuities in modern history. This book explains how the two became connected by describing the origins and historic development of the military-industrial complex in the California urban heartland. The union between military and metropolis arose during World War I from the needs of the Navy and the ambitions of California's evolving cities. These growing cities demanded stable economies to undergird their quest for urban greatness just at the time that the Navy needed Pacific coast base sites and supportive civilian political constituencies. The exigencies of the nation state combined with the aspirations of its "imperial" cities to create an alliance between war and urban society, which was enriched during the 1920s, World War II, and the Cold War. Here, Lotchin illustrates how United States warfare was changed into California welfare. FORTRESS CALIFORNIA 1910 -1961......Page 4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data......Page 7 Preface......Page 10 Acknowledgments......Page 12 Contents......Page 14 Introduction......Page 16 PART I THE CITY AND THE SWORD :THE RISE OF THE METROPOLITAN MILITARY COMPLEX......Page 24 CHAPTER 1 The Metropolitan-Military Complex: A Mutual Dilemma of Relative Decline......Page 26 CHAPTER 2 Capturing the Navy: San Diego......Page 46 CHAPTER 3 Creating the American Singapore: The San Francisco Bay Area and the Quest for Naval Riches......Page 65 CHAPTER 4 Dive Bombers in the Land of Oz: Los Angeles and the Aircraft Industry......Page 87 CHAPTER 5 "Mars Has a Hand in Your Pocket" : Urban California in the Second Great War......Page 154 The Urban Martial Carpet: World War II......Page 158 PART II THE CITY AND THE SWORD IN AN ERAOF DEFENSE: THE A TROPHY OF WAR AND THE HYPERTROPHY OF URBANIZATION......Page 194 CHAPTER 6 From Warfare to Welfare: The Revival of the Darwinian City......Page 196 CHAPTER 7 The Trinity of Air Power, Plus One: The Air Force, Air Commerce, the Aircraft Industry, and the City......Page 229 CHAPTER 8 "Born in Sin": Nuclear Power for Imperial Cities......Page 283 CHAPTER 9 San Diego and the Continued Quest for Military Riches......Page 320 CHAPTER 10 Getting on Target: Nuclear Weapons, Jet Technology, and the Metropolis......Page 342 Conclusion......Page 369 The Metropolitan-Military Complex: San Francisco Bay c. 1961......Page 370 The Metropolitan-Military Complex: Los Angeles c. 1961......Page 371 The Metropolitan-Military Complex: San Diego c. 1961......Page 372 The Military Hinterlands, c. 1961......Page 373 Notes......Page 380 Index......Page 428 Praise for Fortress California, 1910 - 1961......Page 446 Analyzing the growth of Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Francisco from 1910 to 1961, the author discredits the assumption that the industrialization of the Sunbelt was a result of a partnership between industry and the military. He argues that municipalities used federal resources to build urban empires and metropolitan-military complexes