Formal Axiology And Its Critics.(Value Inquiry Book Series 33) (Hartman Institute Axiology Studies)

Formal Axiology and Its Critics consists of two parts, both of which present criticisms of the formal theory of values developed by Robert S. Hartman, replies to these criticisms, plus a short introduction to formal axiology. Part I consists of articles published or made public during the lifetime of Hartman to which he personally replied. It contains previously published replies to Hector Neri Castañeda, William Eckhardt, and Robert S. Brumbaugh, and previously unpublished replies to Charles Hartshorne, Rem B. Edwards, Robert E. Carter, G.R. Grice, Nicholas Rescher, Robert W. Mueller, Gordon Welty, Pete Gunter, and George K. Plochmann in an unfinished but now completed article on which Hartman was working at the time of his death in 1973. Part II consists of articles presented at recent annual meetings of the R.S. Hartman Institute for Formal and Applied Axiology that continue to criticize and further develop Hartman's formal axiology. An article by Rem B. Edwards raises serious unanswered questions about formal axiology and ethics. Another by Frank G. Forrest shows how the formal value calculus based on set theory might answer these questions, and an article by Mark A. Moore points out weaknesses in the Hartman/Forrest value calculus and develops an alternative calculus based upon the mathematics of quantum mechanics. While recognizing that unsolved problems remain, the book intends to make the theoretical foundations and future promise of formal axiology much more secure. FORMAL AXIOLOGY AND ITS CRITICS Copyright Dedication CONTENTS Editorial Foreword Acknowledgments ONE Introduction Endnotes PART ONE: EARLIEST CRITICS TWO Axiology as a Science: Reply to Hector Neri Castaneda, 1961 1. The Argument of the Book 2. Logical Positivism and Axiological Positivism 3. Ethics and Meta-Ethics 4. Physics and Ethics-Metaphysics and Metaethics 5. Science and Philosophy as Methods 6. The Fallacy of Method 7. The Logical Difference Between Valuation and Description Endnotes THREE Some Spurious Proofs for the Pure Ego 1. The Argument from Unique Timeless Experiences 2. The Argument from Meta-awareness 3. The Argument from the Theory of Types 4. The Argument from the Infinite Divisibility of Time Endnotes FOUR Formal Axiology and Its Critics 1. Critical Reception of the Theory 2. Reply to Charles Hartshorne, 1965, 1967 3. Reply to Rem B. Edwards, 1968 4. Reply to Robert E. Carter, 1968, 1969 5. Reply to G. R. Grice, 1968 6. Reply to Nicholas Rescher, 1969 7. Reply to Robert W. Mueller, 1969 8. Reply to Gordon Welty, 19708. Reply to Gordon Welty, 1970 9. Reply to Pete Gunter, 1973 10. Reply to George Kimball Plochmann, 1973 11. Reply to Rem B. Edwards, 1973 12. Reply to William Eckhardt and Robert S. Brumbaugh, 1973 13. Conclusion: Theory and Practice Endnotes PART TWO: CONTEMPORARY CRITICS FIVE Ten Unanswered Questions 1. Measuring Personal Enrichment 2. The Duty to Reproduce, Contraception, and Mass Murder 3. Duty and Supererogation 4. Euthanasia 5. Generating Moral Rules 6. Complex Moral Rules with Qualifications and Exceptions 7. Assessing the Adequacy of Moral Rules 8. Human Rights, Conflicting Rights 9. Moral Sanctions 10. Marginal Human Beings and Animals Endnotes SIX A Reply to "Ten Unanswered Questions" 1. Measuring Personal Enrichment 2. The Duty to Reproduce, Contraception, and Mass Murder 3. Duty and Supererogation 4. Euthanasia 5. Generating Moral Rules 6. Complex Moral Rules with Qualifications and Exceptions 7. Assessing the Adequacy of Moral Rules 8. Human Rights, Conflicting Rights 9. Moral Sanctions IO. Marginal Human Beings and Animals Endnotes SEVEN A Quantum Wave Model of Value Theory 1. A Review of Certain Aspects of Quantum Logic A. Wave vs. Particle B. The Wave Nature of the Electron C. Wave Mechanics D. Types of Waves 2. The Relation of Quantum Theory to Value Theory A. Wave Families: Types of Concepts B. Particles and Waves: Intensions and Extensions C. Wave Interference and Value D. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle and Analytic Concepts E. Conclusions 3. Quantum Wave Model for Value Combinations A. Binary and Tertiary Value Combination B. Extrinsic Value and Partial Fulfillment of Intensions C. Pascal's Triangle D. Ordinal Ranking of Values E. Comparing Ordinal Ranking of Values F. Average Value for All Sets of Subsets 4. Applications A. Compositions and Transpositions B. Better Than and Worse Than C. Using Transpositions to Maintain or Create Value 5. Conclusion Endnotes ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS INDEX VALUE INQUIRY BOOK SERIES Robert S. Hartman was a Research Professor of Philosophy at The University of Tennessee from 1968 until his untimely death in 1973. During that period, his thinking about values had an enormous impact on many of his graduate students and a few of his younger colleagues, who formed the R. S. Hartman Institute and who, with others attracted to his work, have continued over the years to apply and further develop Hartman's formalistic perspective on values. The Structure of Value appeared in Spanish in 1959, in English in 1967, with a revised paperback edition in 1969.