Forceful Negotiations: The Origins of the Pronunciamiento in Nineteenth-Century Mexico (The Mexican Experience)

Often translated as “revolt,” a pronunciamiento was a formal, written protest, typically drafted as a list of grievances or demands, that could result in an armed rebellion. This common nineteenth-century Hispano-Mexican extraconstitutional practice was used by soldiers and civilians to forcefully lobby, negotiate, or petition for political change. Although the majority of these petitions failed to achieve their aims, many leading political changes in nineteenth-century Mexico were caused or provoked by one of the more than fifteen hundred pronunciamientos filed between 1821 and 1876. The first of three volumes on the phenomenon of the pronunciamiento, this collection brings together leading scholars to investigate the origins of these forceful petitions. From both a regional and a national perspective, the essays examine specific pronunciamientos, such as the Plan of Iguala, and explore the contexts that gave rise to the use of the pronunciamiento as a catalyst for change. Forceful Negotiations offers a better understanding of the civil conflicts that erupted with remarkable and tragic consistency following the achievement of independence, as well as of the ways in which Mexican political culture legitimized the threat of armed rebellion as a means of effecting political change during this turbulent period. Front Cover......Page 1 Title Page......Page 2 Copyright......Page 4 Contents......Page 5 Preface......Page 8 Acknowledgments......Page 12 Introduction: The Nineteenth-Century Practice of the Pronunciamiento and Its Origins......Page 16 Chronology of Main Events and Pronunciamientos, 1821–1853......Page 42 One. Iguala: The Prototype......Page 52 Two. Agustín de Iturbide: From the Pronunciamiento of Iguala to the Coup of 1822......Page 73 Three. Two Reactions to the Illegitimate Succession of 1828: Campeche and Jalapa......Page 98 Four. Municipalities, Prefects, and Pronunciamientos: Power and Political Mobilizations in the Huasteca during the First Federal Republic......Page 125 Five. The Origins of the Pronunciamientos of San Luis Potosí: An Overview......Page 152 Six. The British and an Early Pronunciamiento, 1833–1834......Page 176 Seven. The Origins of the Santiago Imán Revolt, 1838–1840: A Reassessment......Page 194 Eight. A Reluctant Advocate: Mariano Otero and the Revolución de Jalisco......Page 213 Nine. Constitution and Congress: A Pronunciamiento for Legality, December 1844......Page 231 Ten. “The Curious Manner in Which Pronunciamientos Are Got Up in This Country”: The Plan of Blancarte of 26 July 1852......Page 254 Eleven. Inventing the Nation: The Pronunciamiento and the Construction of Mexican National Identity, 1821–1876......Page 277 Twelve. “I Pronounce Thus I Exist”: Redefining the Pronunciamiento in Independent Mexico, 1821–1876......Page 297 Bibliography......Page 318 Contributors......Page 360 Introduction : The Nineteenth-century Practice Of The Pronunciamiento And Its Origins -- Chronology Of Main Events And Pronunciamientos, 1821-1853 -- Iguala : The Prototype / Timothy E. Anna -- Agustín De Iturbide : From The Pronunciamiento Of Iguala To The Coup Of 1822 / Ivana Frasquet And Manuel Chust -- Two Reactions To The Illegitimate Succession Of 1828 : Campeche And Jalapa / Josefina Zoraida Vázquez -- Municipalities, Prefects, And Pronunciamientos : Power And Political Mobilizations In The Huasteca During The First Federal Republic / Michael T. Ducey -- The Origins Of The Pronunciamientos Of San Luis Potosí : An Overview / Kerry Mcdonald -- The British And An Early Pronunciamiento, 1833-1834 / Michael P. Costeloe -- The Origins Of The Santiago Imán Revolt, 1838-1840 : A Reassessment / Shara Ali -- A Reluctant Advocate : Mariano Otero And The Revolución De Jalisco / Melissa Boyd -- Constitution And Congress : A Pronunciamiento For Legality, December 1844 / Reynaldo Sordo Cedeño -- The Curious Manner In Which Pronunciamientos Are Got Up In This Country : The Plan Of Blancarte Of 26 July 1852 / Rosie Doyle -- Inventing The Nation : The Pronunciamiento And The Construction Of Mexican National Identity, 1821-1876 / Germán Martínez Martínez -- I Pronounce Thus I Exist : Redefining The Pronunciamiento In Independent Mexico, 1821-1876 / Will Fowler. Edited And With An Introduction By Will Fowler. Includes Bibliographical References. Often translated as "revolt," a pronunciamiento was a formal, written protest, typically drafted as a list of grievances or demands, that could result in an armed rebellion. This common nineteenth-century Hispano-Mexican extra constitutional practice was used by soldiers and civilians to forcefully lobby, negotiate, or petition for political change. Although the majority of these petitions failed to achieve their aims, many leading political changes in nineteenth-century Mexico were caused or provoked by one of the more than fifteen hundred pronunciamientos filed between 1821 and 1876