Forced Migration and Resilience: Conceptual Issues and Empirical Results (Studien zur Resilienzforschung)

"This volume includes in a unique way theoretical and empirical contributions on the context of forced migration and resilience from the perspective of psychology and social sciences. Contributions range from analyses of individual vulnerability and exposition on the level of refugee children and families to investigations of community and policy reactions in host countries. Contents · Vulnerability of refugee children in host countries · Community resilience in refugee groups and host countries · Resilience resources of forced migrants · Long-term adaptation processes of forced migrants · Refugee crisis and political effects in host countries · Multilevel resilience processes Target Groups · Scientists, lecturers and students in social sciences and psychology · Practitioners in public administration, caring organisations and civil society with interests in conceptual ideas about resilience in the context of forced migration The Editors Prof. Dr. Michael Fingerle: Study of Psychology at the University of Mannheim and PhD in Psychology at the University of Jena. Since December 2004 Professor of Diagnostics and Evaluation at the Goethe-University in Frankfurt, before that research assistant at the Universities of Mannheim, Leipzig and Halle. Research focus: Prevention research, positive development and recognition relationships Prof. Dr. Rüdiger Wink: Since 2004 Professor of Economics at the HTWK Leipzig, prior to that Senior Research Fellow at the University of Birmingham (UK) and scientific assistant at the University of Applied Sciences Leipzig. Member of the German Advisory Council on Global Change. Scientific focuses include economic and social resilience research, regional research and economic geography with a focus on institutional research." -- prové de l'editor. Preface 6 Contents 8 1 Forced Migration and Resilience: Introduction 9 1 The Context 9 2 Perspectives of Resilience Research 12 3 The Papers in This Volume 13 References 15 2 Refugee Children and Their Vulnerability. A Qualitative Study 18 1 Introduction 18 2 The Global, European and National Situation 19 3 Our View of Children Who Have Fled 21 4 Theoretical Framework of the Study 22 5 Implementation of the Study, Selection of the Children and Interview Methods 24 6 Following the Memories and Stories of Children with Experience of Flight. Findings and Analyses 25 6.1 Family and Friends (Relationships and Encounters) 26 6.2 Education and Language 28 6.3 Security and Protection 30 6.4 Privacy and Self-Determination 34 7 Discussion: Insecurity as Central for the Concept of Vulnerability and Resilience 35 References 37 3 Supporting Escapees and Migrants: Understanding the Role of Resilience Resources 38 1 Introduction 38 2 Risks Confronting Escapees and Migrants 39 3 What We Know About Resilience 40 3.1 Resilience Assets and Resources 40 3.2 Resilience as a Culturally and Politically Embedded Process 43 4 Facilitating Resilience Resources for Escapees and Migrants: Concluding Thoughts and Cautions 45 References 46 4 Community Resilience. Networks for Developing Successful Migration 52 1 Conceptualization of Community Resilience 52 1.1 Community Resilience 52 1.2 Amplification of Community Resilience Conceptualization 54 1.3 Research on Community Resilience 59 2 Migration as Resource for Community Resilience? 60 3 Intercultural Orientation and Opening 62 4 Integration, Social Capital and Social Networks 64 References 70 5 Long-Term Adaptation Among Naturalised Bosnian Refugees in Sweden—Existential Preoccupation, Spirituality and Resilience 77 1 Introduction to the Resilience of Refugees and the Adaptation Process 77 1.1 Refugee Narratives—Hearing the Voices of Resilient 79 1.2 Long-Term Adaptation and Its Existential Aspects 81 1.3 About Interviews 83 1.4 About the Informants 85 2 Religiosity and Resilience Among Bosnian War Refugees Settled in Sweden 87 2.1 New Lives: Construction of Meaning and Accommodation of Life Changes 88 2.2 Pro-religious and Pro-spiritual World View 91 2.3 Spiritualized Self-view 93 2.4 Life’s Higher Purpose and Meaning 94 2.5 Development of Hope and Optimism 96 3 Conclusion 97 References 99 6 Continuity or Change? The Impact of the Refugee Crisis on Swedish Political Parties’ Migration Policy Preferences 104 1 Introduction 104 2 External Shocks and Policy Change 106 3 The Development of Swedish Asylum and Family-Migration Policies 107 3.1 Policy Coalitions Beyond the Left–Right Political Divide: 1976–1997 108 3.2 A Period of Expansive Asylum Policy: 1998–2014 109 3.3 Family Migration Policies 110 3.4 Sweden in Comparative Perspective 111 3.5 The Refugee Crisis 111 4 Party Positions Before and After the Crisis 114 4.1 The Social Democratic Party 115 4.2 The Centre-Right Alliance 116 4.3 The Green Party, the Left Party, and the Sweden Democrats 118 5 Concluding Discussion 120 6 Epilogue 121 References 122 Bills 125 Government Commissions 125 Parliamentary Protocols 125 Party Documents 126 Party Motions 126 Websites 126 7 Forced Migration and Resilience. Elements of Resilient Processes on Different Scales in Host Countries 127 1 Introduction 127 2 Theoretical Context 129 3 Forced Migration from Syria to Germany since 2015 132 4 Forced Migration and Resilience in a Host Country’s Micro-Meso-Macro Context 137 5 Conclusions 141 References 142 Front Matter ....Pages i-vii Forced Migration and Resilience: Introduction (Michael Fingerle, Rüdiger Wink)....Pages 1-9 Refugee Children and Their Vulnerability. A Qualitative Study (Katharina Gerarts, Sabine Andresen)....Pages 11-30 Supporting Escapees and Migrants: Understanding the Role of Resilience Resources (Linda Liebenberg, Emily Pelley)....Pages 31-44 Community Resilience. Networks for Developing Successful Migration (Michael Wünsche, Sibylle Fischer)....Pages 45-69 Long-Term Adaptation Among Naturalised Bosnian Refugees in Sweden—Existential Preoccupation, Spirituality and Resilience (Selma Porobić)....Pages 71-97 Continuity or Change? The Impact of the Refugee Crisis on Swedish Political Parties’ Migration Policy Preferences (Henrik Emilsson)....Pages 99-121 Forced Migration and Resilience. Elements of Resilient Processes on Different Scales in Host Countries (Rüdiger Wink)....Pages 123-144