Flora of Australia. Volume 45, Hydatellaceae to Liliaceae 45

This volume of the Flora of Australia includes a wide spectrum of monocotyledonous plants from all parts of Australia - desert to alpine, rainforest to heathland, aquatic to epiphytic. In all it contains 12 families, 98 genera and 404 species. The largest family is Liliaceae (66 genera, 266 species) with native plants such as Fringed Lilies, Christmas Bells, Early Nancy and Crinum, and the naturalised Onions, Agapanthus and Lachenalia. The family Haemodoraceae (7 genera, 87 species) contains the colourful Kangaroo Paws and Cottonheads of south-western Australia as well as the Bloodroots which are also represented in tropical and eastern Australia. Other plants described include Bullrushes, Native Ginger and Water Hyacinth. This volume covers 12 families, 98 genera and 404 species. 105 new taxa are described, including 2 new genera, Kuntheria Conran & Cliff. and Neoastelia J.Williams (both Liliaceae), as well as many new combinations and lectotypifications. Front cover Front flap Front endpaper Frontispiece Contents Contributors ILLUSTRATORS PHOTOGRAPHERS Flora Editorial Committee Introduction Scope and Presentation Acknowledgments Colour block 1 HYDATELLACEAE KEY TO GENERA 1. HYDATELLA Hydatella filamentosa Hydatella australis Hydatella leptogyne Hydatella dioica 2. TRITHURIA Trithuria lanterna Trithuria bibracteata Trithuria submersa SPARGANIACEAE SPARGANIUM Sparganium subglobosum Sparganium erectum TYPHACEAE TYPHA Typha domingensis Typha orientalis Typha latifolia BROMELIACEAE KEY TO SUBFAMILIES KEY TO GENERA Subfam. I. BROMELIOIDEAE 1. ANANAS Ananas comosus Subfam. II. TILLANDSIOIDEAE 2. TILLANDSIA Tillandsia usneoides MUSACEAE MUSA KEY TO SECTIONS KEY TO SPECIES Sect. I. Musa Musa banksii Musa fitzalanii Sect. II. Australimusa Musa jackeyi Excluded species ZINGIBERACEAE KEY TO GENERA 1. ZINGIBER Zingiber officinale Zingiber zerumbet 2. GLOBBA Globba marantina 3. CURCUMA Curcuma australasica Curcuma longa 4. KAEMPFERIA Kaempferia sp. 5. HEDYCHIUM Hedychium coronarium Hedychium gardnerianum 6. ETLINGERA Etlingera australasica 7. HORNSTEDTIA Hornstedtia scottiana 8. AMOMUM Amomum queenslandicum Amomum dallachyi 9. ALPINIA 1. Alpinia racemigera 2. Alpinia arctiflora 3. Alpinia coerulea 4. Alpinia modesta 5. Alpinia hylandii 6. Alpinia arundelliana Doubtful name COSTACEAE KEY TO GENERA 1. COSTUS Costus potierae 2. TAPEINOCHILOS Tapeinochilos ananassae CANNACEAE CANNA Canna ×orchiodes Canna ×generalis Canna indica PHILYDRACEAE KEY TO GENERA 1. PHILYDRUM Philydrum lanuginosum 2. PHILYDRELLA 1. Philydrella drummondii 2. Philydrella pygmaea 2a. Philydrella pygmaea subsp. pygmaea 2b. Philydrella pygmaea subsp. minima 3. HELMHOLTZIA 1. Helmholtzia acorifolia 2. Helmholtzia glaberrima PONTEDERIACEAE KEY TO GENERA 1. MONOCHORIA KEY TO SECTIONS KEY TO SPECIES Sect. I. Monochoria Monochoria vaginalis Monochoria hastata Sect. II. Limnostachys Monochoria cyanea Monochoria australasica 2. EICHHORNIA Eichhornia crassipes 3. PONTEDERIA Pontederia cordata HAEMODORACEAE KEY TO SUBFAMILIES AND TRIBES KEY TO GENERA Subfam. I. CONOSTYLIDOIDEAE Trib. I. CONOSTYLIDEAE 1. CONOSTYLIS KEY TO SUBGENERA AND SECTIONS KEY TO SPECIES Subg. I. Androstemma Conostylis androstemma Conostylis argentea Subg. II. Greenia Conostylis bealiana Conostylis albescens Subg. IV. Bicolorata Conostylis vaginata Subg. V. Conostylis Conostylis aculeata Conostylis aculeata subsp. aculeata Conostylis aculeata subsp. preissii Conostylis aculeata subsp. spinuligera Conostylis aculeata subsp. gracilis Conostylis aculeata subsp. bromelioides Conostylis aculeata subsp. cygnorum Conostylis aculeata subsp. breviflora Conostylis aculeata subsp. rhipidion Conostylis aculeata subsp. septentrionora Conostylis aculeata subsp. echinissima Conostylis bracteata Conostylis festucacea Conostylis festucacea subsp. festucacea Conostylis festucacea subsp. filifolia Conostylis candicans Conostylis candicans subsp. candicans Conostylis candicans subsp. calcicola Conostylis candicans subsp. flavifolia Conostylis prolifera Conostylis stylidioides Conostylis pauciflora Conostylis pauciflora subsp. pauciflora Conostylis pauciflora subsp. euryrhipis Conostylis robusta Conostylis lepidospermoides Conostylis juncea Conostylis serrulata Conostylis laxiflora Conostylis misera Conostylis seorsiflora Conostylis seorsiflora subsp. seorsiflora Conostylis seorsiflora subsp. longissima Conostylis seorsiflora subsp. trichophylla Subg. VI. Pendula Sect. I. Catospora Conostylis setigera Conostylis setigerasubsp. setigera Conostylis setigera subsp. dasys Conostylis pusilla Conostylis villosa Conostylis drummondii Conostylis teretifolia Conostylis teretifolia subsp. teretifolia Conostylis teretifolia subsp. planescens Conostylis micrantha Conostylis crassinerva Conostylis crassinerva subsp. crassinerva Conostylis crassinerva subsp. absens Conostylis latens Conostylis deplexa Conostylis canteriata Conostylis caricina Conostylis caricina subsp. caricina Conostylis caricina subsp. elachys Conostylis teretiuscula Conostylis wonganensis Conostylis dielsii Conostylis dielsii subsp. dielsii Conostylis dielsii subsp. teres Conostylis petrophiloides Conostylis setosa Conostylis rogeri Sect. I. Catospora Conostylis setigera Conostylis setigera subsp. setigera Conostylis setigera subsp. dasys Conostylis pusilla Conostylis villosa Conostylis drummondii Conostylis teretifolia Conostylis teretifolia subsp. teretifolia Conostylis teretifolia subsp. planescens Conostylis micrantha Conostylis crassinerva Conostylis crassinerva subsp. crassinerva Conostylis crassinerva subsp. absens Conostylis latens Conostylis deplexa Conostylis canteriata Conostylis caricina Conostylis caricina subsp. caricina Conostylis caricina subsp. elachys Conostylis teretiuscula Conostylis wonganensis Conostylis dielsii Conostylis dielsii subsp. dielsii Conostylis dielsii subsp. teres Conostylis petrophiloides Conostylis setosa Conostylis rogeri Sect. II. Divaricata Conostylis neocymosa Conostylis phathyrantha Sect. III. Appendicula Conostylis aurea Conostylis seminuda Conostylis resinosa Conostylis hiemalis Conostylis tomentosa Conostylis angustifolia Probable hybrid 2. BLANCOA Blancoa canescens 3. ANIGOZANTHOS KEY TO SUBGENERA AND SECTIONS KEY TO SPECIES Subg. I. Anigozanthos Sect. I. Anigozanthos Anigozanthos rufus Anigozanthos pulcherrimus Sect. II. Ceratandri Anigozanthos flavidus Sect. III. Concatenati Anigozanthos preissii Anigozanthos onycis Subg. II. Haplanthesis Anigozanthos humilis Anigozanthos humilis subsp. humilis Anigozanthos humilis subsp. chrysanthus Anigozanthos kalbarriensis Anigozanthos gabrielae Anigozanthos bicolor Anigozanthos bicolor subsp. bicolor Anigozanthos bicolor subsp. exstans Anigozanthos bicolor subsp. decrescens Anigozanthos bicolor subsp. minor Anigozanthos viridis Anigozanthos viridis subsp. viridis Anigozanthos viridis subsp. terraspectans Anigozanthos manglesii Anigozanthos manglesii subsp. manglesii Anigozanthos manglesii subsp. quadrans Natural hybrids 4. MACROPIDIA Macropidia fuliginosa Trib. II. PHLEBOCARYEAE 5. PHLEBOCARYA Phlebocarya ciliata Phlebocarya filifolia Phlebocarya pilosissima Phlebocarya pilosissima subsp. pilosissima Phlebocarya pilosissima subsp. teretifolia Trib. III. TRIBONANTHEAE 6. TRIBONANTHES Tribonanthes brachypetala Tribonanthes longipetala Tribonanthes australis Tribonanthes violacea Tribonanthes purpurea Subfam. II. HAEMODOROIDEAE 7. HAEMODORUM Haemodorum laxum Haemodorum discolor Haemodorum venosum Haemodorum loratum Haemodorum paniculatum Haemodorum simulans Haemodorum sparsiflorum Haemodorum simplex Haemodorum spicatum Haemodorum brevisepalum Haemodorum corymbosum Haemodorum planifolium Haemodorum austroqueenslandicum Haemodorum distichophyllum Haemodorum tenuifolium Haemodorum ensifolium Haemodorum coccineum Haemodorum gracile Haemodorum parviflorum Haemodorum brevicaule LILIACEAE KEY TO GENERA 1. DRYMOPHILA Drymophila cyanocarpa Drymophila moorei 2. ASPARAGUS Asparagus officinalis 3. PROTASPARAGUS Protasparagus densiflorus Protasparagus racemosus Protasparagus plumosus Protasparagus virgatus Protasparagus africanus 4. MYRSIPHYLLUM Myrsiphyllum asparagoides Myrsiphyllum declinatum Myrsiphyllum scandens 5. ASTELIA Subg. I. Tricella Astelia australiana Astelia psychrocharis Subg. II. Astelia Astelia alpina Astelia alpina var. alpina Astelia alpina var. novae-hollandiae 6. MILLIGANIA Milligania stylosa Milligania lindoniana Milligania longifolia Milligania densiflora Milligania johnstonii 7. NEOASTELIA Neoastelia spectabilis 8. BLANDFORDIA Blandfordia nobilis Blandfordia punicea Blandfordia grandiflora Blandfordia cunninghamii Unplaced name 9. HYPOXIS KEY TO SECTIONS AND SPECIES Sect. I. Hypoxis Hypoxis marginata Hypoxis nervosa Hypoxis arillacea Hypoxis exilis Hypoxis hygrometrica Hypoxis hygrometrica var. hygrometrica Hypoxis hygrometrica var. villosisepala Hypoxis hygrometrica var. splendida Hypoxis pratensis Hypoxis pratensis var. pratensis Hypoxis pratensis var. tuberculata Sect. II. Ianthe Hypoxis glabella Hypoxis glabella var. glabella Hypoxis glabella var. leptantha Hypoxis vaginata Hypoxis vaginata var. vaginata Hypoxis vaginata var. brevistigmata Hypoxis occidentalis Hypoxis occidentalis var. occidentalis Hypoxis occidentalis var. quadriloba Hypoxis gardneri 10. CURCULIGO Curculigo ensifolia Curculigo ensifolia var. ensifolia Curculigo ensifolia var. longifolia 11. MOLINERIA Molineria capitulata 12. CYANELLA Cyanella hyacinthoides 13. DIANELLA Dianella incollata Dianella revoluta Dianella revoluta var. revoluta Dianella revoluta var. brevicaulis Dianella revoluta var. divaricata Dianella revoluta var. minor Dianella revoluta var. tenuis Dianella revoluta var. vinosa Dianella prunina Dianella brevipedunculata Dianella longifolia Dianella longifolia var. longifolia Dianella longifolia var. fragrans Dianella longifolia var. grandis Dianella longifolia var. porracea Dianella longifolia var. stenophylla Dianella longifolia var. stupata Dianella longifolia var. surculosa Dianella crinoides Dianella nervosa Dianella rara Dianella caerulea Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Dianella caerulea var. producta Dianella caerulea var. aquilonia Dianella caerulea var. assera Dianella caerulea var. cinerascens Dianella caerulea var. petasmatodes Dianella caerulea var. protensa Dianella caerulea var. vannata Dianella caerulea, 'serrulata' variant Dianella congesta Dianella atraxis Dianella tasmanica Dianella odorata Dianella bambusifolia Dianella pavopennacea Dianella pavopennacea var. pavopennacea Dianella pavopennacea var. major Dianella pavopennacea var. robusta Hybrids Excluded and unplaced names 14. STYPANDRA Stypandra glauca 15. THELIONEMA Thelionema umbellatum Thelionema caespitosum Thelionema grande Hybrids 16. AGROSTOCRINUM Agrostocrinum scabrum 17. ASPHODELUS Asphodelus fistulosus 18. TRACHYANDRA Agrostocrinum scabrum 19. BULBINE Bulbine bulbosa Bulbine vagans Bulbine glauca Bulbine semibarbata Bulbine alata Doubtful name 20. HERPOLIRION Herpolirion novae-zelandiae 21. JOHNSONIA Johnsonia teretifolia Johnsonia lupulina Johnsonia pubescens Johnsonia acaulis Johnsonia inconspicua 22. ARNOCRINUM Arnocrinum gracillimum Arnocrinum drummondii Arnocrinum preissii 23. HENSMANIA Hensmania turbinata Hensmania stoniella Hensmania chapmanii 24. STAWELLI Stawellia gymnocephala 25. LAXMANNIA Laxmannia sessiliflora Laxmannia sessiliflora subsp. sessiliflora Laxmannia sessiliflora subsp. drummondii Laxmannia sessiliflora subsp. australis Laxmannia orientalis Laxmannia ramosa Laxmannia ramosa subsp. ramosa Laxmannia ramosa subsp. deflexa Laxmannia jamesii Laxmannia arida Laxmannia compacta Laxmannia gracilis Laxmannia minor Laxmannia omnifertilis Laxmannia grandiflora Laxmannia grandiflora subsp. grandiflora Laxmannia grandiflora subsp. stirlingensis Laxmannia paleacea Laxmannia squarrosa Laxmannia brachyphylla 26. SOWERBAEA Sowerbaea laxiflora Sowerbaea multicaulis Sowerbaea alliacea Sowerbaea subtilis Sowerbaea juncea 27. BORYA Borya constricta Borya jabirabela Borya laciniata Borya longiscapa Borya mirabilis Borya nitida Borya scirpoidea Borya septentrionalis Borya sphaerocephala Borya subulata Doubtful name 28. ALANIA Alania endlicheri 29. CAESIA Caesia chlorantha Caesia micrantha Caesia occidentalis Caesia setifera Caesia parviflora Caesia parviflora var. parviflora Caesia parviflora var. vittata Caesia parviflora var. minor Caesia alpina Caesia calliantha Caesia rigidifolia 30. CHAMAESCILLA Chamaescilla corymbosa Chamaescilla corymbosa var. corymbosa Chamaescilla corymbosa var. latifolia Chamaescilla corymbosa var. paradoxa Chamaescilla spiralis 31. TRICORYNE Tricoryne anceps Tricoryne anceps subsp. anceps Tricoryne anceps subsp. pterocaulon Tricoryne humilis Tricoryne corynothecoides Tricoryne tenella Tricoryne muricata Tricoryne simplex Tricoryne elatior Doubtful name 32. CORYNOTHECA Corynotheca lateriflora Corynotheca licrota Corynotheca micrantha Corynotheca micrantha var. micrantha Corynotheca micrantha var. acanthoclada Corynotheca micrantha var. gracilis Corynotheca micrantha var. panda Corynotheca micrantha var. elongata Corynotheca micrantha var. divaricata Corynotheca flexuosissima Corynotheca pungens Corynotheca asperata 33. HODGSONIOLA Hodgsoniola junciformis 34. THYSANOTUS Thysanotus teretifolius Thysanotus multiflorus Thysanotus triandrus Thysanotus pauciflorus Thysanotus glaucifolius Thysanotus glaucus Thysanotus patersonii Thysanotus manglesianus Thysanotus isantherus Thysanotus tenellus Thysanotus tenuis Thysanotus thyrsoideus Thysanotus tuberosus Thysanotus tuberosus subsp. tuberosus Thysanotus tuberosus subsp. parviflorus Thysanotus exiliflorus Thysanotus banksii Thysanotus rectantherus Thysanotus scaber Thysanotus pyramidalis Thysanotus speckii Thysanotus newbeyi Thysanotus vernalis Thysanotus cymosus Thysanotus gageoides Thysanotus brevifolius Thysanotus acerosifolius Thysanotus brachyantherus Thysanotus lavanduliflorus Thysanotus nudicaulis Thysanotus formosus Thysanotus baueri Thysanotus chinensis Thysanotus parviflorus Thysanotus asper Thysanotus spiniger Thysanotus dichotomus Thysanotus wangariensis Thysanotus gracilis Thysanotus fastigiatus Thysanotus arenarius Thysanotus arbuscula Thysanotus sparteus Thysanotus anceps Thysanotus juncifolius Thysanotus virgatus Thysanotus fractiflexus Thysanotus ramulosus Thysanotus pseudojunceus Thysanotus brachiatus Thysanotus sabulosus Doubtful names 35. MURCHISONIA Murchisonia fragrans Murchisonia volubilis 36. ARTHROPODIUM Arthropodium milleflorum Arthropodium minus Arthropodium curvipes Arthropodium dyeri Doubtful names 37. DICHOPOGON Dichopogon tyleri Dichopogon strictus Dichopogon fimbriatus Dichopogon capillipes Dichopogon preissii Doubtful name 38. CHLOROPHYTUM Chlorophytum laxum Chlorophytum comosum 39. ORNITHOGALUM Ornithogalum arabicum Ornithogalum thyrsoides Ornithogalum umbellatum 40. ALBUCA Albuca canadensis 41. SCILLA Scilla hyacinthoides Scilla peruviana 42. MUSCARI Muscari armeniacum Muscari comosum 43. LACHENALIA Lachenalia aloides Lachenalia reflexa 44. NOTHOSCORDUM Nothoscordum gracile 45. IPHEION Ipheion uniflorum 46. ALLIUM Sect. I. Molium Allium roseum Allium neapolitanum Sect. II. Briseis Allium triquetrum Sect. III. Codonoprasum Allium paniculatum Allium oleraceum Sect. IV. Allium Allium ampeloprasum Allium scorodoprasum Allium scorodoprasum subsp. scorodoprasum Allium scorodoprasum subsp. rotundum Allium vineale 47. AGAPANTHUS Agapanthus praecox Agapanthus praecox subsp. praecox Agapanthus praecox subsp. orientalis 48. AMARYLLIS Amaryllis belladonna 49. CRINUM Crinum pedunculatum Crinum flaccidum Crinum angustifolium Crinum venosum Crinum uniflorum 50. ZEPHYRANTHES Zephyranthes candida Zephyranthes grandiflora 51. PROIPHYS Proiphys amboinensis Proiphys cunninghamii Proiphys alba 52. NARCISSUS L. Narcissus pseudonarcissus Narcissus tazetta 53. LEUCOJUM Leucojum aestivum 54. CALOSTEMMA Calostemma purpureum Calostemma luteum 55. HYMENOCALLIS Hymenocallis caribaea 56. CAMPYNEMA Campynema lineare 57. ALSTROEMERIA Alstroemeria aurea Alstroemeria pulchella 58. WURMBEA Wurmbea dioica Wurmbea dioica subsp. dioica Wurmbea dioica subsp. alba Wurmbea graniticola Wurmbea dilatata Wurmbea monantha Wurmbea latifolia Wurmbea pygmaea Wurmbea drummondii Wurmbea tubulosa Wurmbea odorata Wurmbea inframediana(1980) Wurmbea deserticola Wurmbea centralis(1980) Wurmbea murchisoniana Wurmbea biglandulosa Wurmbea uniflora Wurmbea sinora Wurmbea densiflora(1980) Wurmbea cernua Wurmbea tenella 59. BAEOMETRA Baeometra uniflora 60. IPHIGENIA Iphigenia indica 61. BURCHARDIA Burchardia multiflora Burchardia bairdiae Burchardia umbellata Burchardia rosea Burchardia monantha 62. GLORIOSA Gloriosa superba 63. SCHELHAMMERA Schelhammera multiflora Schelhammera undulata 64. TRIPLADENIA Tripladenia cunninghamii 65. KUNTHERIA Kuntheria pedunculata 66. LILIUM Lilium formosanum Doubtful names Maps Appendix Supplementary Glossary Abbreviations and Contractions Index Back endaper Back flap Back cover The first of two volumes on the vascular floras of Australia's offshore territories, covering Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island. An introduction to the geography, physical features, climate, history of human habitation, and vegetation is provided with checklists of the species recorded on each.