Flexural Testing of Weld Site and HVOF Coating Characteristics (Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology)

"This book provides fundamental understanding and practical application of characteristics of flexural motion in the assessment of the weld size and coating thickness. Some formulations of heat transfer and flexural motion are introduced while displacement and load correlation are used to estimate elastic modules and the size of the heat affected zone as well as the coating thickness. The case studies presented give a practical understanding of weld size and coating thickness characterizations." -- Font no determinada Preface 5 Acknowledgments 7 Contents 8 1 Introduction 11 Abstract 11 1.1...Flexural Characteristics 11 1.2...High Velocity Oxy-Fuel Coating and Characterization 15 1.3...Analytical Formulation of a Beam Subjected to a Flexural Motion 17 References 22 2 Flexural Motion Due to Laser Heating Applications 25 Abstract 25 2.1...Laser Induced Evaporation Process 25 2.1.1 Temperature and Pressure 25 2.1.1.1 Surface Temperature 26 2.1.1.2 Interface Pressure 26 2.1.1.3 Vapor Pressure 27 2.1.2 Wave Analysis 28 2.1.2.1 Initial and Boundary Conditions 30 2.1.2.2 Method of Solution 30 2.1.3 Results and Discussions 31 2.2...Laser Evaporative Heating of Steel 34 2.2.1 Heat Transfer Analysis 34 2.2.2 Flexural Wave Analysis 38 2.2.2.1 Initial and Boundary Conditions 40 2.2.2.2 Method of Solution 40 2.2.2.3 State-Space Method 41 2.2.2.4 Determination of Stresses 41 2.2.3 Results and Discussion 42 2.3...Laser Pulse Heating of Steel Surface 45 2.3.1 The Mathematical Model 47 2.3.1.1 Flow and Heat Conduction Equations 47 2.3.1.2 Boundary Conditions for Flow Equations 48 2.3.1.3 Variable Properties 49 2.3.1.4 Calculation of the Flow Field Variables 49 2.3.1.5 Thermal Stress Modelling 50 2.3.2 Wave Analysis 52 2.3.3 Results and Discussions 53 2.4...Laser Pulse Heat Treatment of Metallic Surfaces 54 2.4.1 Heat Transfer Analysis 55 2.4.2 Wave Analysis 57 2.4.3 Results and Discussion 57 2.5...Laser Ablation: Influence of Force Location 58 2.5.1 Heat Transfer Analysis 58 2.5.2 Flexural Wave Analysis 61 2.5.3 Results and Discussions 61 2.6...Laser Ablation in Multilayer Assembly 62 2.6.1 Heat Transfer Model 64 2.6.2 Flexural Wave Analysis 65 2.6.3 Results and Discussions 65 2.7...Cantilever Plate Heated at Fixed End 69 2.7.1 Mathematical Modeling Numerical Solution 70 2.7.2 Heat Transfer Analysis 70 2.7.3 Flexural Wave Analysis 73 2.7.4 Results and Discussion 75 2.8...Welding of Bar to Rigid Body 77 2.8.1 Heat Transfer Analysis 78 2.8.1.1 Flexural Motion Analysis 79 2.8.2 Results and Analysis 80 2.9...Local Heating of a Bar: Effect of Heat Source Location 82 2.9.1 Mathematical Modeling Numerical Solution 84 2.9.2 Results and Discussion 87 2.10...Laser Welding of Cantilever Plate: Influence of Speed of the Heating Source 91 2.10.1 Mathematical Modeling and Numerical Solution 91 2.10.2 Results and Discussion 93 2.11...Laser Pulse Heating of Two-Layer Assembly 97 2.11.1 Heat Transfer Analysis 97 2.11.2 Flexural Wave Analysis 98 2.11.2.1 Initial and Boundary Conditions 101 2.11.2.2 Method of Solution 101 2.11.2.3 State-Space Method 101 2.11.2.4 Determination of Stresses 102 2.11.3 Results and Discussions 103 2.12...3D Analysis of Laser Evaporative Heated Cantilever Workpiece 104 2.12.1 Heat Transfer Analysis 104 2.12.2 Flexural Wave Analysis 106 2.12.3 Results and Discussions 106 2.13...Laser Induced Flexural Wave: Aluminum in Steel Substrate 107 2.13.1 Heat Transfer Analysis 108 2.13.2 Flexural Wave Analysis 109 2.13.3 Results and Discussions 109 References 110 3 HVOF Coating and Characterization 112 Abstract 112 3.1...Single Layer HVOF Coating and Characterization 112 3.1.1 The Point Bending Tests 113 3.1.2 Fatigue Tests 116 3.1.3 Tensile Tests 122 3.1.4 Fracture Toughness Measurement 126 3.2...Two Layer HVOF Coating and Characterization 128 3.3...Residual Stress Analysis HVOF Coating 134 3.3.1 Experimental 134 3.3.2 Heat Transfer Analysis 135 3.3.3 Modeling of Thermal Stresses 136 3.3.4 Residual Stress Measurements 137 3.3.5 Findings and Discussion 138 3.4...Laser Re-melting of Inconel HVOF Coating 145 3.4.1 Mathematical Analysis 145 3.4.2 Experimental 149 3.4.3 Findings and Discussion 149 3.4.4 Laser Control Melting HVOF Coating 154 3.4.5 Experimental 155 3.4.6 Findings and Discussion 156 3.5...Nanoparticles Blended Wires Deposition 160 3.5.1 Experimental 160 3.5.2 Results and Findings 161 References 164 4 Concluding Remarks 166 Abstract 166 4.1...Findings from the Flexural Analysis 166 4.2...Findings from High Velocity Oxy-Fuel Coating Characterization 171 References 175 Front Matter....Pages i-xi Introduction....Pages 1-14 Flexural Motion Due to Laser Heating Applications....Pages 15-101 HVOF Coating and Characterization....Pages 103-156 Concluding Remarks....Pages 157-167