Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth
معرفی کتاب «Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth» نوشتهٔ Theodore Sider و Lynn Margulis, Michael J. Chapman، منتشرشده توسط نشر Academic Press/Elsevier در سال 2009. این کتاب در فرمت pdf، زبان انگلیسی ارائه شده است.
کتاب «پنج فرمانرو: راهنمای مصور شاخههای حیات روی زمین» (Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth) که توسط لین مارگولیس و مایکل جی. چپمن نوشته شده، فهرستوارهای بینظیر از تنوع شگفتانگیز حیات بر روی کرهی زمین است. این کتاب با تکیه بر جدیدترین دادههای زیستشناسی مولکولی و ریختشناسی، به عنوان یکی از معتبرترین منابع طبقهبندی موجودات زنده به شمار میرود.
دربارهی کتاب Five Kingdoms
این کتاب که در سال ۲۰۰۹ توسط انتشارات آکادمیک پرس (Academic Press) منتشر شده، نسخهی بازبینیشدهای از کتاب پیشین نویسنده با عنوان «پنج فرمانرو: ویرایش سوم» است. اثر حاضر با رویکردی مدرن و مشورتی با متخصصان، سامانهای طبقهبندیشده ارائه میدهد که با سوابق فسیلی و دادههای نوین مولکولی، ریختشناختی و متابولیکی همخوانی کامل دارد. این کتاب تمامی طیف اشکال حیاتی ساکن در سیارهی ما را پوشش داده و آنها را بر اساس روابط تکاملی، به شکلی منطقی و صریح طبقهبندی میکند. یکی از نقاط قوت این اثر، تصاویر رنگی فراوان و غنی آن است که مطالعه را به تجربهای بصری و آسان تبدیل کرده است. ویژگیهای شاخص هر شاخه (phylum) به شیوهای حرفهای توصیف شدهاند که برخلاف بسیاری از متون علمی، عمیقاً به نیازهای مربیان، دانشجویان و طبیعتدوستان احترام میگذارد. بخشهای آغازین هر فصل که به معرفی هر یک از پنج فرمانرو (باکتریها، آغازیان، جانوران، قارچها و گیاهان) میپردازد، اطلاعات زمینهای و تعاریف لازم را ارائه کرده و جایگاه آنها را در بستر زمان زمینشناسی و فضای بومشناختی مشخص میکند. همچنین «اکواستریپها» (Ecostrips)، تصاویری هستند که ارگانیسمها را در محیطهای محتمل خود مانند چشمههای آب گرم اعماق دریا، جنگلهای بارانی یا بیابانها به تصویر میکشند.دربارهی نویسندگان
لین مارگولیس (Lynn Margulis، ۱۹۳۸-۲۰۱۱)، استاد برجستهی دانشگاه ماساچوست در امهرست، یکی از تأثیرگذارترین زیستشناسان تکاملی قرن بیستم بود. او در سال ۱۹۹۹ موفق به دریافت نشان ملی علوم (National Medal of Science) از رئیسجمهور وقت آمریکا، بیل کلینتون، شد و از سال ۱۹۸۳ عضو آکادمی ملی علوم ایالات متحده بود. مارگولیس به خاطر نظریهی «همزیستیزایی» (symbiogenesis) در تکامل گونهها شهرت جهانی دارد. این نظریه که در کتاب «کسب ژنومها» (Acquiring Genomes) به تفصیل شرح داده شده، بیان میدارد که گونهزایی نه تنها از طریق جهش تصادفی، بلکه از طریق همزیستی و ادغام ارگانیسمها رخ میدهد. او بیش از چهل کتاب تألیف، ویرایش یا مشارکت داشته است و همکاری گستردهای با پسرش، دوریون ساگان، در زمینههای گوناگون علوم داشته است. مایکل جی. چپمن (Michael J. Chapman)، همنویسندهی این کتاب، در مرکز «بی پال» برای تکامل مولکولی در آزمایشگاه زیستشناسی دریایی وودز هول (Woods Hole, MA, USA) فعالیت میکند.چرا باید این کتاب را بخوانید؟
مطالعهی این راهنمای جامع برای هر کسی که به علوم حیات علاقهمند است، مزایای متعددی دارد:- دسترسی به یک فهرست کامل و بهروز: این کتاب فهرستوارهای از تمامی گروههای اصلی (شاخهها) حیات را ارائه میدهد که با آخرین یافتههای علمی در زمان انتشارش مطابقت دارد.
- درک روابط تکاملی: طبقهبندی ارائهشده بر اساس روابط خویشاوندی و تکاملی است و به خواننده کمک میکند درخت بزرگ حیات را بهتر درک کند.
- تصاویر رنگی و جذاب: استفاده از تصاویر رنگی، مطالعهی این کتاب را به یک تجربهی بصری لذتبخش تبدیل کرده و به درک بهتر تنوع زیستی کمک میکند.
- منبعی ارزشمند برای متخصصان و علاقهمندان: این اثر برای طیف وسیعی از مخاطبان از جمله زیستشناسان، بومشناسان، حافظان محیطزیست، و حتی هنرمندان و باغبانان مفید است.
- مقدمهای از ادوارد او. ویلسون: این کتاب شامل مقدمهای از ادوارد او. ویلسون، یکی دیگر از نامهای بزرگ زیستشناسی، است که بر اعتبار آن میافزاید.
این کتاب برای چه کسانی مناسب است؟
این کتاب به عنوان یک مرجع منحصربهفرد و ضروری برای هر کسی که به تنوع شگفتانگیز حیات در زمین، چه در مقیاس میکروسکوپی و چه ماکروسکوپی، کنجکاو است، طراحی شده است. دانشجویان علوم زیستی، جانورشناسی، گیاهشناسی و سایر شاخههای زیستشناسی، اصلیترین مخاطبان آن را تشکیل میدهند. همچنین برای زیستشناسان تکاملی، بومشناسان، حافظان محیطزیست، میکروبشناسان، دیرینهشناسان، اقیانوسشناسان و حتی طبیعتدوستان و علاقهمندان به محیطزیست، این کتاب یک مرجع ارزشمند و خواندنی است.سوالات متداول
تفاوت این کتاب با نسخههای پیشین (Five Kingdoms) در چیست؟
این کتاب که با عنوان «فرمانروها و حوزهها» (Kingdoms and Domains) منتشر شده، نسخهای کاملاً بازبینیشده از کتاب «پنج فرمانرو: ویرایش سوم» است. تغییرات اصلی شامل تصاویر تمامرنگی، مفاهیم جدید در سامانهشناسی مولکولی و همزیستیزایی، و بخشهای مقدماتی گستردهتر برای هر فرمانرو میشود.
آیا این کتاب برای یک فرد غیرمتخصص قابل استفاده است؟
بله، با وجود اینکه این کتاب یک منبع علمی عمیق است، نویسندگان سعی کردهاند با استفاده از تصاویر متعدد و زبانی قابلفهم، آن را برای دانشجویان و حتی طبیعتدوستان و هنرمندان نیز قابلاستفاده کنند. با این حال، آشنایی اولیه با مفاهیم زیستشناسی به درک بهتر آن کمک میکند.
پنج فرمانروی معرفیشده در کتاب کداماند؟
پنج فرمانرویی که در این کتاب معرفی شدهاند عبارتند از: باکتریها (Prokaryotae یا Monera)، آغازیان (Protoctista)، جانوران (Animalia)، قارچها (Fungi) و گیاهان (Plantae).
The third edition of this work covers all the groups of living organisms, and has new concise introductory sections on the general features of each of the five kingdoms: bacteria; protoctista; animals; fungi; and plants - including background information and definitions. Photographs, some by Karlene Schwartz, drawings and brief essays describe representative members of each phylum. It should be of interest to students of biology, botany, zoology and other life sciences as well as professionals. Now published by Academic Press and revised from the author's previous Five Kingdoms 3rd edition, this extraordinary, all inclusive catalogue of the world’s living organisms describes the diversity of the major groups, or phyla, of nature’s most inclusive taxa. Developed after consultation with specialists, this modern classification scheme is consistent both with the fossil record and with recent molecular, morphological and metabolic data. Generously illustrated, now in full color, Kingdoms and Domains is remarkably easy to read. It accesses the full range of life forms that still inhabit our planet and logically and explicitly classifies them according to their evolutionary relationships. Definitive characteristics of each phylum are professionally described in ways that, unlike most scientific literature, profoundly respect the needs of educators, students and nature lovers. This work is meant to be of interest to all evolutionists as well as to conservationists, ecologists, genomicists, geographers, microbiologists, museum curators, oceanographers, paleontologists and especially nature lovers whether artists, gardeners or environmental activists.
Kingdoms and Domains is a unique and indispensable reference for anyone intrigued by a planetary phenomenon: the spectacular diversity of life, both microscopic and macroscopic, as we know it only on Earth today.
• New Foreword by Edward O. Wilson
• The latest concepts of molecular systematics, symbiogenesis, and the evolutionary importance of microbes
• Newly expanded chapter openings that define each kingdom and place its members in context in geological time and ecological space
• Definitions of terms in the glossary and throughout the book
• Ecostrips, illustrations that place organisms in their most likely environments such as deep sea vents, tropical forests, deserts or hot sulfur springs
• A new table that compares features of the most inclusive taxa
• Application of a logical, authoritative, inclusive and coherent overall classification scheme based on evolutionary principles Now published by Academic Press and revised from the author's previous Five Kingdoms 3rd edition, this extraordinary, all inclusive catalogue of the world2s living organisms describes the diversity of the major groups, or phyla, of nature2s most inclusive taxa. Developed after consultation with specialists, this modern classification scheme is consistent both with the fossil record and with recent molecular, morphological and metabolic data. Generously illustrated, now in full color, Kingdoms and Domains is remarkably easy to read. It accesses the full range of life forms that still inhabit our planet and logically and explicitly classifies them according to their evolutionary relationships. Definitive characteristics of each phylum are professionally described in ways that, unlike most scientific literature, profoundly respect the needs of educators, students and nature lovers. This work is meant to be of interest to all evolutionists as well as to conservationists, ecologists, genomicists, geographers, microbiologists, museum curators, oceanographers, paleontologists and especially nature lovers whether artists, gardeners or environmental activists. Kingdoms and Domains is a unique and indispensable reference for anyone intrigued by a planetary phenomenon: the spectacular diversity of life, both microscopic and macroscopic, as we know it only on Earth today. 5New Foreword by Edward O. Wilson 5The latest concepts of molecular systematics, symbiogenesis, and the evolutionary importance of microbes 5Newly expanded chapter openings that define each kingdom and place its members in context in geological time and ecological space 5Definitions of terms in the glossary and throughout the book 5Ecostrips, illustrations that place organisms in their most likely environments such as deep sea vents, tropical forests, deserts or hot sulfur springs 5A new table that compares features of the most inclusive taxa 5Application of a logical, authoritative, inclusive and coherent overall classification scheme based on evolutionary principles Now published by Academic Press and revised from the author's previous Five Kingdoms Third edition, this extraordinary, all inclusive catalogue of the world's living organisms describes the diversity of the major groups, or phyla, of nature's most inclusive taxa. Developed after consultation with specialists, this modern classification scheme is consistent both with the fossil record and with recent molecular, morphological and metabolic data. Generously illustrated, now in full color, Kingdoms and Domains is remarkably easy to read. It accesses the full range of life forms that still inhabit our planet and logically and explicitly classifies them according to their evolutionary relationships. Definitive characteristics of each phylum are professionally described in ways that, unlike most scientific literature, profoundly respect the needs of educators, students and nature lovers. This work is meant to be of interest to all evolutionists as well as to conservationists, ecologists, genomicists, geographers, microbiologists, museum curators, oceanographers, paleontologists and especially nature lovers whether artists, gardeners or environmental activists.Kingdoms and Domains is a unique and indispensable reference for anyone intrigued by a planetary phenomenon: the spectacular diversity of life, both microscopic and macroscopic, as we know it only on Earth today. New Foreword by Edward O. Wilson The latest concepts of molecular systematics, symbiogenesis, and the evolutionary importance of microbes Newly expanded chapter openings that define each kingdom and place its members in context in geological time and ecological space Definitions of terms in the glossary and throughout the book Ecostrips, illustrations that place organisms in their most likely environments such as deep sea vents, tropical forests, deserts or hot sulfur springs A new table that compares features of the most inclusive taxa Application of a logical, authoritative, inclusive and coherent overall classification scheme based on evolutionary principles "This extraordinary, all inclusive catalogue of the world's living organisms describes the diversity of the major groups, or phyla, of nature's most inclusive taxa. Developed after consultation with specialists, this modern classification scheme is consistent both with the fossil record and with recent molecular, morphological and metabolic data. Generously illustrated, now in full color, Kingdoms and Domains is remarkably easy to read. It accesses the full range of life forms that still inhabit our planet and logically and explicitly classifies them according to their evolutionary relationships. Definitive characteristics of each phylum are professionally described in ways that, unlike most scientific literature, profoundly respect the needs of educators, students and nature lovers. This work is meant to be of interest to all evolutionists as well as to conservationists, ecologists, genomicists, geographers, microbiologists, museum curators, oceanographers, paleontologists and especially nature lovers whether artists, gardeners or environmental activists."--Jacket Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth was a groundbreaking work when first published in 1982 and this sweeping perspective of life's diversity has now been updated to include information on the impact of molecular biol
دانلود کتاب Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth
Kingdoms and Domains is a unique and indispensable reference for anyone intrigued by a planetary phenomenon: the spectacular diversity of life, both microscopic and macroscopic, as we know it only on Earth today.
• New Foreword by Edward O. Wilson
• The latest concepts of molecular systematics, symbiogenesis, and the evolutionary importance of microbes
• Newly expanded chapter openings that define each kingdom and place its members in context in geological time and ecological space
• Definitions of terms in the glossary and throughout the book
• Ecostrips, illustrations that place organisms in their most likely environments such as deep sea vents, tropical forests, deserts or hot sulfur springs
• A new table that compares features of the most inclusive taxa
• Application of a logical, authoritative, inclusive and coherent overall classification scheme based on evolutionary principles Now published by Academic Press and revised from the author's previous Five Kingdoms 3rd edition, this extraordinary, all inclusive catalogue of the world2s living organisms describes the diversity of the major groups, or phyla, of nature2s most inclusive taxa. Developed after consultation with specialists, this modern classification scheme is consistent both with the fossil record and with recent molecular, morphological and metabolic data. Generously illustrated, now in full color, Kingdoms and Domains is remarkably easy to read. It accesses the full range of life forms that still inhabit our planet and logically and explicitly classifies them according to their evolutionary relationships. Definitive characteristics of each phylum are professionally described in ways that, unlike most scientific literature, profoundly respect the needs of educators, students and nature lovers. This work is meant to be of interest to all evolutionists as well as to conservationists, ecologists, genomicists, geographers, microbiologists, museum curators, oceanographers, paleontologists and especially nature lovers whether artists, gardeners or environmental activists. Kingdoms and Domains is a unique and indispensable reference for anyone intrigued by a planetary phenomenon: the spectacular diversity of life, both microscopic and macroscopic, as we know it only on Earth today. 5New Foreword by Edward O. Wilson 5The latest concepts of molecular systematics, symbiogenesis, and the evolutionary importance of microbes 5Newly expanded chapter openings that define each kingdom and place its members in context in geological time and ecological space 5Definitions of terms in the glossary and throughout the book 5Ecostrips, illustrations that place organisms in their most likely environments such as deep sea vents, tropical forests, deserts or hot sulfur springs 5A new table that compares features of the most inclusive taxa 5Application of a logical, authoritative, inclusive and coherent overall classification scheme based on evolutionary principles Now published by Academic Press and revised from the author's previous Five Kingdoms Third edition, this extraordinary, all inclusive catalogue of the world's living organisms describes the diversity of the major groups, or phyla, of nature's most inclusive taxa. Developed after consultation with specialists, this modern classification scheme is consistent both with the fossil record and with recent molecular, morphological and metabolic data. Generously illustrated, now in full color, Kingdoms and Domains is remarkably easy to read. It accesses the full range of life forms that still inhabit our planet and logically and explicitly classifies them according to their evolutionary relationships. Definitive characteristics of each phylum are professionally described in ways that, unlike most scientific literature, profoundly respect the needs of educators, students and nature lovers. This work is meant to be of interest to all evolutionists as well as to conservationists, ecologists, genomicists, geographers, microbiologists, museum curators, oceanographers, paleontologists and especially nature lovers whether artists, gardeners or environmental activists.Kingdoms and Domains is a unique and indispensable reference for anyone intrigued by a planetary phenomenon: the spectacular diversity of life, both microscopic and macroscopic, as we know it only on Earth today. New Foreword by Edward O. Wilson The latest concepts of molecular systematics, symbiogenesis, and the evolutionary importance of microbes Newly expanded chapter openings that define each kingdom and place its members in context in geological time and ecological space Definitions of terms in the glossary and throughout the book Ecostrips, illustrations that place organisms in their most likely environments such as deep sea vents, tropical forests, deserts or hot sulfur springs A new table that compares features of the most inclusive taxa Application of a logical, authoritative, inclusive and coherent overall classification scheme based on evolutionary principles "This extraordinary, all inclusive catalogue of the world's living organisms describes the diversity of the major groups, or phyla, of nature's most inclusive taxa. Developed after consultation with specialists, this modern classification scheme is consistent both with the fossil record and with recent molecular, morphological and metabolic data. Generously illustrated, now in full color, Kingdoms and Domains is remarkably easy to read. It accesses the full range of life forms that still inhabit our planet and logically and explicitly classifies them according to their evolutionary relationships. Definitive characteristics of each phylum are professionally described in ways that, unlike most scientific literature, profoundly respect the needs of educators, students and nature lovers. This work is meant to be of interest to all evolutionists as well as to conservationists, ecologists, genomicists, geographers, microbiologists, museum curators, oceanographers, paleontologists and especially nature lovers whether artists, gardeners or environmental activists."--Jacket Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth was a groundbreaking work when first published in 1982 and this sweeping perspective of life's diversity has now been updated to include information on the impact of molecular biol