Fishing, Foraging and Farming in the Bolivian Amazon : On a Local Society in Transition

Empirical In Character, This Book Analyses The Society-nature Interaction Of The Tsimane', A Rural Indigenous Community In The Bolivian Amazon. Following A Common Methodological Framework, The Material And Energy Flow (mefa) Approach, It Gives A Detailed Account Of The Biophysical Exchange Relations The Community Entertains With Its Natural Environment: The Socio-economic Use Of Energy, Materials, Land And Time. Equally So, The Book Provides A Deeper Insight Into The Local Base Of Sociometabolic Transition Processes And Their Inherent Dynamics Of Change. The Local Community Described In This Publication Stands For The Many Thousands Of Rural Systems In Developing Countries That, In Light Of An Ever More Globalising World, Are Currently Steering A Similar - But Maybe Differently-paced - Development Course. This Book Presents Insightful Methodological And Conceptual Advances In The Field Of Sustainability Science And Provides A Vital Reader For Students And Researchers Of Human Ecology, Ecological Anthropology, And Environmental Sociology. It Equally Contributes To Improving Professional Development Work Methods. Introduction : Setting The Stage -- Sociometabolic Transitions And The Mefa Toolkit : Concepts And Methods -- Exploring An Indigenous World In The Bolivian Amazon : The Case Of The Tsimane' -- Stocks, Flows And Land Use : The Metabolic Profile Of Campo Bello -- Time, Work, And Other Functions -- Comparing Local Transitions Across The Developing World -- Local Visions Of A Global Future. Lisa Ringhofer. Expanded Version Of The Author's Thesis (doctoral). Includes Bibliographical References And Index. 191345_1_En_BookFrontmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf Anchor 1 Anchor 2 Anchor 3 191345_1_En_1_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf Chapter 1 Introduction: Setting the Stage 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Introducing Society, Nature and Transitions 1.3 Introducing the MEFA Framework 1.4 Fieldwork Among the Tsimane’ 1.5 What the Book Says References 191345_1_En_2_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf Chapter 2 Sociometabolic Transitions and the MEFA Toolkit: Concepts and Methods 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Sociometabolic Sustainability Transitions 2.2.1 Characterising a Sustainability Transition 2.2.2 Sociometabolic Regimes and Transitions: Theoretical Considerations 2.3 The MEFA Framework Toolkit 2.3.1 Social Metabolism 2.3.1.1 Scholarly Origins of Social Metabolism 2.3.1.2 Material and Energy Flow Accounting Material Flow Accounting (MFA) How To Do MFA Accounting? MFA Indicators Energy Flow Accounting (EFA) EFA Indicators 2.3.2 Colonization of Terrestrial Ecosystems 2.3.2.1 Colonization Intensity Indicator: HANPP 2.3.3 Functional Time Use 2.3.3.1 Human Time Use and Social Metabolism 2.4 Conclusion References 191345_1_En_3_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf Chapter 3 Exploring an Indigenous World in the Bolivian Amazon: The Case of the Tsimane’ 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The Tsimane’ Habitat 3.2.1 Biogeographical Features 3.3 Landscape and Cosmos: Bridging the Natural and the Cultural 3.3.1 Cosmic Landmarks 3.3.2 The Forest and Its Use 3.3.3 The River and Its Use 3.3.4 Farming Myths 3.4 Tsimane’ History of Contact 3.4.1 From Sporadic Encounter 3.4.2 To Permanent Links 3.4.2.1 Tsimane’ Growing Economic Relations with Outsiders 3.4.2.2 Colonisation Programmes and Mounting Social Conflict 3.4.2.3 Protective Measures and Tsimane’ Land Claims 3.4.2.4 The Beni Biosphere Reserve (BBR) 3.4.2.5 More Recent Missionary Efforts 3.5 Settlement and Community Life 3.5.1 Demography and Settlement 3.5.2 The Private and the Public Sphere 3.5.2.1 The Household 3.5.2.2 Beyond the Household 3.5.2.3 Patterns of Leadership 3.6 Conclusion References 191345_1_En_4_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf Chapter 4 Stocks, Flows and Land Use: The Metabolic Profile of Campo Bello 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The Community Setting 4.2.1 Village Demography 4.2.2 The Social and Political Sphere 4.2.2.1 Village Hierarchy and Leadership 4.2.2.2 Communal Gatherings and Group Settings 4.2.3 The Village Economy 4.3 The Sociometabolic Profile of Campo Bello 4.3.1 Field Methodology on Stocks, Flows and Land Use 4.3.2 Local Material Stocks 4.3.2.1 Human and Livestock Population 4.3.2.2 Housing Infrastructure 4.3.2.3 Household Artefacts 4.3.3 Local Material Flows 4.3.3.1 Domestic Extraction 4.3.3.2 Imports 4.3.3.3 Nutritional Flows 4.3.3.4 Water Use 4.3.3.5 Outputs 4.3.3.6 Exports 4.3.3.7 (Un)Sustainabiltiy Indicators 4.3.4 Local Energy Flows 4.3.4.1 Domestic Extraction 4.3.4.2 Imports 4.3.4.3 Exports 4.3.4.4 (Un)Sustainability Indicators 4.3.4.5 Conversion Processes 4.3.5 Local Colonizing Strategies 4.3.5.1 Kitchen Gardens 4.3.5.2 Agricultural Fields 4.3.5.3 Fallows 4.3.5.4 Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP) NPP0 NPPact NPPh HANPP 4.3.6 Possibilities, Constraints and Future Prospects 4.3.6.1 Primary Energy Use 4.3.6.2 Nutrition and Dependency 4.3.6.3 Final and Useful Energy 4.3.6.4 Material Use 4.3.6.5 Demography and Water Use 4.3.6.6 Colonization Intensity – HANPP 4.4 Conclusion References 191345_1_En_5_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf Chapter 5 Time, Work, and Other Functions 5.1 Introducing and Embedding the Use of Time 5.1.1 Time Use Studies Revisited 5.1.2 Explaining the Functional Subsystems 5.2 The Collection, Coding and Classification Process 5.3 The Qualitative Order 5.3.1 Introducing the Daily Round 5.4 The Quantitative Order 5.4.1 Socially Disposable Labour Time 5.4.2 Time Investments in All Functional Subsystems 5.4.2.1 The Person System 5.4.2.2 The Household System 5.4.2.3 The Economic System 5.4.2.4 The Community System 5.4.3 Time, Cash and Efficiencies 5.4.3.1 Cash Incomes: Agriculture, Gathering and Livestock Exports 5.4.3.2 Cash Incomes: Wage Labour 5.4.3.3 Cash Investments 5.5 Conclusion: Discussing Opportunities and Time Squeeze References 191345_1_En_6_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf Chapter 6 Comparing Local Transitions Across The Developing World 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Introducing SangSaeng, Nalang and Trinket2 6.2.1 Site One: SangSaeng 6.2.2 Site Two: Nalang 6.2.3 Site Three: Trinket 6.3 Agricultural Intensification and Regime Transitions 6.4 Biophysical Indicators of Intensification 6.4.1 Ecological Parameters 6.4.2 Agro-economic Parameters 6.4.2.1 Agricultural Intensification 6.4.2.2 Food Security, Self-Sufficiency and Dependency 6.4.3 Human Labour Time Parameters 6.5 Driving Forces for Change 6.5.1 Population Dynamics and Density 6.5.2 Access to Markets 6.5.3 Direct State Interventions and Other Development 6.6 Conclusion: Lessons from Contemporary Transitions References 191345_1_En_7_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf Chapter 7 Local Visions for a Global Future 7.1 Introduction 7.2 What Have We Learnt? References 191345_1_En_BookBackmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf