First E.C. Conference on Solar Heating : Proceedings of the International Conference Held at Amsterdam, April 30-May 4, 1984

Contributors to this Conference have shown the wide range of active and passive solar heating systems which have been researched, installed and monitored in recent years throughout western Europe and elsewhere. Yet much remains to be done if solar heating is to reach its full potential. The Conference Committee hopes that this record of the proceedings will provide a basis for the further development of these systems. Many difficulties have been surmounted in arriving at today's position. The foundations of the growing confidence of architects and engineers are to be found in the concerted programmes of research and development mounted by ty,'o of the sponsors of the Conference the European Community and the International Energy Agency. Some of the more tangible products of these programmes have been reported here: component and system behaviour has been subjected to rigorous scientific study; new test facilities have been founded; test procedures devised; simulation methods developed and evaluated; design rules formulated and checked against measured performance. It has been apparent here that the willingness to exchange information and experiences, which has always been a feature of the solar energy scene, remains as strong as ever. A further information-sharing initiative was noted on the part of another sponsor, UNESCO - the setting-up of the European Cooperative Network on Solar Energy, involving countries from both eastern and western Europe. Front Matter....Pages i-xxvi Front Matter....Pages 1-2 Opening Speech....Pages 3-4 Opening Speech....Pages 5-6 The Dutch National Solar Energy and the International Energy Agency’s Solar Heating and Cooling Programme....Pages 7-10 The Status and Future of the Active use of Solar Energy....Pages 11-17 Solar Architecture....Pages 18-23 A Report on the Panel Discussion....Pages 24-27 Closing Address....Pages 28-30 Front Matter....Pages 31-32 The European Solar Pilot Test Facilities, a Powerful Tool for Model Validation....Pages 33-41 Combined Solar System for Space Heating and Domestic Hot Water Supply: Performance Measuring Data from the Danish Pilot Test Facility....Pages 42-46 Measured Performance of Experimental and Commercial Solar Heating Systems....Pages 47-54 The Active Solar Building of Bourgoin-Jallieu Lessons from 5 Years of Measurements (1)....Pages 55-59 Performance Monitoring of Solar Heating Systems....Pages 60-66 Field Measurement on 65 Single Family SDWH Systems Throughout France....Pages 67-72 European Passive Solar Test Facility....Pages 73-77 The Performance of Air Cooled Collector Systems in Dutch Field Tests....Pages 78-82 Performance of 12 Passive and/or Active Solar Houses in Bassens-France....Pages 83-90 Summary of Performance Results from the U.S. Residential Class B Monitoring Program....Pages 91-100 Measurement of Passive Solar Gain within the Project “Landstuhl”....Pages 101-105 Three Years of Array Performance of Different Types of Evacuated Tubular Solar Collectors....Pages 106-111 Swedish Solar Heating Plants with Seasonal Storage — System Design Influence on Thermal Performance and Economy....Pages 112-116 Front Matter....Pages 31-32 Solar Heating Plant at Mount Zugspitze....Pages 117-121 Measurement and Evaluation Techniques for Solar Heating Systems....Pages 122-127 Performance Results from a Large Solar Heating and Cooling System Operational Since 1981 Near Marseille (France)....Pages 128-130 Performance Monitoring of Appartment Buildings in Berlin....Pages 131-134 Description and Experimental Long Range Evaluation of a Solar Electric Plant Installed in a Residential Building in Southern Italy....Pages 135-139 Simulation and Monitoring of Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems....Pages 140-145 Solar Heating Test Design Facility for Bulk PCM Storage....Pages 146-149 Low Energy Passive Solar Houses at Milton Keynes, UK....Pages 150-154 Front Matter....Pages 155-155 Design and Validation of Simplified Methods for Sizing Active Solar Space Heating Systems....Pages 156-160 F-Chart in European Climates....Pages 161-165 The SEU Design Method....Pages 166-170 Comparison of the REM Heating Energy Calculation Procedure to Measured Data....Pages 171-177 A Micro-Computer Aided Design Tool: Casamo....Pages 178-182 Analytical Model for the Input/Output Energy Relationship....Pages 183-189 Performance and Cost Evaluation of Solar Passive Buildings in Greece....Pages 190-195 Upper Limit of the Useful Solar Heat Achievable in the Central European Climates with DHW and Heating Systems. Important Technical Factors Determining the Useful Solar Heat of a Solar System....Pages 196-202 Experience in Modelling and Experimenting of Thermosyphonic Solar Water Heaters with Heat Exchanger....Pages 203-207 Simulation of Solar Air-Heating Systems....Pages 208-215 Accuracy and Limitation of the LESO-A Simplified Method....Pages 216-220 A Simple Design Method for Solar Heating Systems with in-ground Long Term Storage....Pages 221-224 Front Matter....Pages 155-155 Easy-to-Use Methods for Performance Evaluation of Active Solar Space Heating Systems....Pages 225-229 A Simple Method for Performance Evaluation of Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems....Pages 230-234 Design Tool for Buried Horizontal Heat Exchanger....Pages 235-239 Sunsyst — The Computer Program for Solar Energy....Pages 240-246 IEA Task VIII: Passive and Hybrid Solar Low Energy Buildings....Pages 247-254 Statistical Methods for the Storage Size Optimization in Solar Hot Water Systems....Pages 255-259 Front Matter....Pages 261-261 Innovative Passive/Hybrid Solar Design Concepts Employed in the U.S.....Pages 262-266 Building Components with Integrated Latent Heat Storage....Pages 267-272 Energy-Savings due to the Integration of a Thermogenious Element in Prefabricated Facades....Pages 273-277 Sunspace Performance within an Overall High Rise Building Retrofit....Pages 278-282 Use in Passive Solar Architecture of Sunlight Dousers with a Seasonal Effect....Pages 283-291 Optical Measurements on a Variable Transparency Window using Selective Catadioptric Reflection....Pages 292-298 Recherche et Developpement D’architecture Climatique et de Composants Solaires....Pages 299-308 Simple Air Collectors for Preheating Fresh Air....Pages 309-313 Transparent Insulation System for Passive Solar Energy Utilization in Buildings....Pages 314-318 Composant Solaire Passif a Lames Mobiles Et a Stockage par Chaleur Latente....Pages 319-323 The Design of a Low-Cost Housing Estate with the Use of Thermal Inertia in a Solar Roof, Under the Climatic Conditions of Bolivia....Pages 324-332 Hybrid Solar Low Energy Buildings in Denmark....Pages 333-335 Mass Produced Passive Components for Low-Cost Multistory Building....Pages 336-340 Open-Loop Thermosyphon Solar-Energy Space Heating....Pages 341-345 Front Matter....Pages 261-261 Study of Natural Convection within a Large Cavity — First Results....Pages 346-350 Passive Solar Houses with Energy Efficient Solar Walls Containing Paraffin....Pages 351-355 A Hybrid Collector-Latent Heat Storage Wall for Air Conditioning....Pages 356-360 Effective ‘U’ Value....Pages 361-366 High Performance Passive Solar Heating System with Heat Pipe Energy Transfer....Pages 367-372 Front Matter....Pages 373-373 An Assessment of Energy Performances of the Housing Stock in Italy: Experimental Data from 1000 Dwellings....Pages 374-380 An Assessment of the Prospects for Solar Thermal Application in Europe....Pages 381-385 Energy Balance and Thermal Comfort in Passive Solar Housing....Pages 386-390 Passive Solar Educational Support for European Architects....Pages 391-395 A Graphical Method to Assess Passive Solar Gains in the Existing Housing Stock of the United Kingdom....Pages 396-399 Evaluation and Development of Thermal Analysis Models within the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme, Task VIII Passive and Hybrid Solar Low Energy Buildings....Pages 400-404 Comfort Aspects in Overglazed Environments....Pages 405-412 Transparent Insulating Materials — A Possibility for Reducing the Consumption of Fossil Fuel in Households....Pages 413-418 The Swedish Solar Heating Programme....Pages 419-423 Integrated Design Exemplified by Solar Cavity Wall Houses....Pages 424-432 Experimental Study of Free Convection in a Room Model Using a Collector Storage Wall....Pages 433-437 Performance of Passive Solar Systems in Dutch Low-Rise Housing....Pages 438-442 The Potential for Solar Heating in Central Urban Areas: A Case Study....Pages 443-447 Air Solar Collecting Roof for a Low-Energy Sports-Hall Building....Pages 448-454 A Review of the Use of Selective Absorbers in Foil Form for Passive Solar Collectors....Pages 455-459 Front Matter....Pages 373-373 Passive Solar Design In Non-Domestic Buildings....Pages 460-464 The Use of Passive Solar Gains for the Pre-Heating of Ventilation Air in Housing....Pages 465-469 The Sophia Antipolis Passive Test Facility....Pages 470-473 Solar Radiation and Pyranometry Studies for Solar Energy Applications: an Overview of IEA Task IX....Pages 474-479 The Design and Establishment of a Solar Energy Research Centre in Greece....Pages 480-484 Solar Heated Swimming Pools in Europe an EC Demonstration Programme....Pages 485-490 Front Matter....Pages 491-493 Eight Years of Collector Testing in Europe What Have We Learned?....Pages 494-498 NRCC Air Collector Testing Facility....Pages 499-503 Computer Model of the Nobels Peelman Air Heating Solar Collector Used in the CEC6 Round Robin Test Series....Pages 504-508 Experimentelle Untersuchung an Luftgekühlten Flachkollektoren....Pages 509-514 The ‘Albedo’ Flat-Plate Solar Collector....Pages 515-519 System Performance Optimisation Studies, for 2nd Generation DHW and SH Systems....Pages 520-526 Examples of Practical Applications of Collectors for 2nd Generation Solar Energy Systems....Pages 527-532 Performance Tests on Commercial One-Family DHW Solar Systems....Pages 533-537 Performance of the Second Generation Solar Heating System in the Solar House of the Eindhoven University of Technology....Pages 538-542 Evacuated Collectors in Cooperative International Energy Agency Research and Development....Pages 543-546 Results of Durability Tests on Various Types of Collectors....Pages 547-551 Ageing Resistance of Solar Collectors....Pages 552-556 Four Years Experience in Collector Testing in the Frame of the Enel Promotion Programme for DHW Systems....Pages 557-561 Computer Model of the Philips Evacuated Tubular Solar Collector Used in the CEC5 Round Robin Test Series....Pages 562-566 Front Matter....Pages 491-493 Design and Characteristics of a Flat Plate Slit Honeycomb Solar Collector....Pages 567-571 Design of Direct Solar Floors and Practical Results....Pages 572-576 A Contribution to the Laying Down of Durability and Reliability Tests for Solar Collectors....Pages 577-578 Leistungsvergleich von Zwei Sonnenheizungsanlagen zur Wassererwärmung....Pages 579-583 Performance of Unglazed Flat Plate Heat Exchangers at Low Temperatures....Pages 584-589 Optimisation of Solar Collector Area for Solar Thermal Systems....Pages 590-593 Investigation of Indoor- and Outdoor Performance Measurements on Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems....Pages 594-598 Design of Static Concentrators with the Receiver Immersed in a Dielectric Tube....Pages 599-603 Computer-Aided Development of Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems....Pages 604-608 Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems in Denmark. Design, Performance and Costs....Pages 609-612 Low-Cost, Low-Weight and Medium-Efficiency Solar Collectors, Construction and Examples....Pages 613-615 Investigation of Solar-Assisted Heat-Pump Systems Using the Heat Recovery Glazing Concept....Pages 616-620 A Detailed Theoretical Model for a Flat Plate Natural Convection Loop-Type Solar Air Collector....Pages 621-625 Optimal Control Theory Applied to Dwelling Heating System....Pages 626-630 Performance and Reliability of Unexpensive Single Family SDHW Package Systems....Pages 631-635 Performance Predictions for all Glass Tubular Evacuated Absorbers....Pages 636-638 Analysis of the Climatic Data Necessary-Problems to be Solved and Application to Flat-Plate Collectors....Pages 639-642 Experience with Collector Draining and Rigid Mineral Insulation in Continental Climate (Capellen-Luxembourg)....Pages 643-647 The Limits of the Transient Method Applied to the Solar Collectors Performance Measurement....Pages 648-652 Etude Experimentale de Capteurs Solaires a Air en Region Parisienne....Pages 653-657 Front Matter....Pages 491-493 A 2nd Generation Thermosiphon Solar Water Heater....Pages 658-661 Design of Domestic Hot Water- and Solar Heating Systems with Philips’ Evacuated Collectors....Pages 662-667 A Simplified Solar Domestic Hot Water and Heating System with Evacuated Tubular Heat Pipe Collectors....Pages 668-674 Chauffe-Eau Solaire Domestique a Stockage Integre....Pages 675-679 Spectrally Selective Transition-Metal Oxinitride Coatings on Rough Substrates for Application in High Performance Solar Collectors....Pages 680-684 Hydrophile Solar Collector System....Pages 685-690 Balancing of Solar Heating Options....Pages 691-695 On the Importance of Wind Velocity and Ambient Temperature to the Performance of Flat-Plate Collectors....Pages 696-706 Performance of Pipe Type Solar Water Heater....Pages 707-717 Research Project: “Guidelines for Optimal Planning and Construction of Solar Energy Systems”....Pages 718-720 Shared Solar Space and Water Heating....Pages 721-724 Front Matter....Pages 725-726 The Use of Air Collectors in Drying Processes of Agricultural Products....Pages 727-732 A Comparison of Five Solar Systems for Heating Greenhouses....Pages 733-737 Analysis and Design of Solar Process Water Heating Systems without Storage for Industrial and Commercial Applications....Pages 738-742 The Performance Study of an Industrial Solar Hot Water System....Pages 743-747 Test and Modelization of a Greenhouse Using Low Temperature Heating....Pages 748-752 The Performance Measuring Data of an Air Collector System for Drying Herbs....Pages 753-757 Experience with Advanced Solar Collectors for Water Heating: Technical and Economic Aspects....Pages 758-763 Contribution to the Simultaneous Production of Fresh Water and Salt....Pages 764-768 Drying of Grapes in Cabinet Solar Dryer. Preliminary Results....Pages 769-773 Front Matter....Pages 725-726 A Combined System for Heat Recovery and Solar Energy Utilization in Automobile Lacquering Shops....Pages 774-777 Solar Distillation for Ethanol Production....Pages 778-780 Solar Energy System in Order to Control the Micro-Climate from the Horticulture in Greenhouses....Pages 781-785 Experimental Results of Air Solar Collector Storage in Soil Heating System for an Industrial Building....Pages 786-790 Low Temperature Heat Storage for Greenhouses....Pages 791-795 Two Phase Flow Guidance in a Steam Producing Solar Collector for Process Heat Supply for the Food Industry....Pages 796-799 Assessment Study of the Potential Use of Solar Energy in Agriculture....Pages 800-802 The Performance Measuring Data of a DHW and Stable Heating System....Pages 803-807 Modelling and Monitoring Solar Energy Projects in the Dutch Agriculture....Pages 808-812 Solar Restoration of a Neoclassical Hotel in Athens, Greece....Pages 813-818 Solar Energy Storage for Zootechnic Applications....Pages 819-823 Heat Transfer in a Solar in-Door Cooker....Pages 824-827 Front Matter....Pages 829-831 Thermal Storage of Solar Energy....Pages 833-840 A European Test Procedure for Testing Solar Storage Devices....Pages 841-845 The Work within the International Energy Agency on Central Solar Heating Plants with Seasonal Storage....Pages 846-857 A Seasonal Storage Solar Heating System for the Charlestown, Boston Navy Yard National Historic Park....Pages 858-863 Validation of the Generalized Model Based Storage Test Procedure by means of Dynamic Simulation Tests....Pages 864-870 Salt Gradient Solar Pond for Solar Heat Collection and Long Term Storage....Pages 871-875 Solar Heating with Annual Heat Storage — Modelling and Practice....Pages 876-880 Seasonal Storage of Building Waste Heat in an Aquifer....Pages 881-885 Front Matter....Pages 829-831 The Seasonal Heat Store in Groningen....Pages 886-893 The Sunclay and Kullavik Projects — Heat Storage in Clay at Low and High Temperature....Pages 894-898 Thermal Analysis of the Behaviour of a Low-Pressure Hot-Water Store....Pages 899-904 The Solar Heat Storage Twin-System of the Lübeck Solar House as an Example of a 2nd Generation Interseasonal Storage Concept....Pages 905-909 Thermal Performance Testing of a Latent Heat Storage Unit....Pages 910-914 Soil Mechanics Aspects of Seasonal Heat Storage in Groningen....Pages 915-919 Long Term Storage of Solar Energy in Silicagel-Water Systems for Space Heating....Pages 920-924 Thermal Heat Storage in Solar Heating Systems for Domestic Hot Water Supply....Pages 925-929 Seasonal Storage Test Pit. Testing of a 500 M 3 Store....Pages 930-934 Seasonal Heat Storage in Underground Warm Water Pit (Design of a 30.−50.000 m 3 storage)....Pages 935-940 The Sodiumsulphide/Water System as a Chemical Heat Pump Used for Long Term Energy Storage....Pages 941-945 A General Method for Determining the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient of Thermal Storage Embedded Materials....Pages 946-951 Determination of the Thermal Behaviour of a Phase Change Encapsulated Material Packed Bed Using Air as Transfer Fluid....Pages 952-957 Solar Heating of a Large Office Building Using Seasonal Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage....Pages 958-962 Thermal Losses Analysis of an Interseasonal Heat Storage in the Soil: Field Trials and Numerical Models....Pages 963-967 Comparison between Two Different Underground Seasonal Storage systems using a Water Vessel and Soil Heating Tubes....Pages 968-972 Physical Model for the Study of Mass and Energy Transfers in the Non-Saturated Layer of Soil Located Above a Solar Energy Storage Zone....Pages 973-977 Design and Building of a Test Facility for Thermal Storage Units Between −30°C and + 90°C....Pages 978-982 Evaluation of the Annual Heat Losses of an In-Ground Heat Storage....Pages 983-986 Sizing a Latent Heat Storage with Shell and Tubes Heat Exchanger a New Simplified Method....Pages 987-991 Front Matter....Pages 829-831 Optimal Control Strategy of Solar Heating Systems Using a Long Term Heat Storage....Pages 992-996 Experimentation d’un Systeme de Chauffage Utilisant Pompe  Chaleur et Stockage de Glace (résultats 82/83)....Pages 997-1000 Experimentation of Space Heating by Heliogeothermal Doublet in Aulnay-Sous-Bois....Pages 1001-1005 Transient Heat Conduction in a PCM Heat Storage with Metal Structures....Pages 1006-1010 Economic Passive Solar Warm-Air Heating and Ventilating System Combined with Short Term Storage within Building Components for Residential Houses....Pages 1011-1015 Experimentation on a Long Term Rock-Bed Thermal Storage....Pages 1016-1020 Project Wolfsburg-Glockenberg, IEA-Task VII: Central Heating Plants with Seasonal Storage....Pages 1021-1030 Study of the Thermal Behaviour in Free Temperature Evolution of a Passive Solar Inhabited House with High Inertia and Long Period Soil Heat Storage....Pages 1031-1035 Thermal Storage in Phase Change Materials. Application to a Solar Air Space Heating System....Pages 1036-1042 Energetic Behaviour and Economic Evaluation of an Interseasonal Combined Solar Heat Pump System for Commercial Building Space Conditioning....Pages 1043-1047 Design Considerations for Short Term Heat Storage Systems....Pages 1048-1054 Back Matter....Pages 1055-1059 Contributors to this Conference have shown the wide range of active and passive solar heating systems which have been researched, installed and monitored in recent years throughout western Europe and elsewhere. Yet much remains to be done if solar heating is to reach its full potential. The Conference Committee hopes that this record of the proceedings will provide a basis for the further development of these systems. Many difficulties have been surmounted in arriving at today's position. The foundations of the growing confidence of architects and engineers are to be found in the concerted programmes of research and development mounted by ty, 'o of the sponsors of the Conference the European Community and the International Energy Agency. Some of the more tangible products of these programmes have been reported here: component and system behaviour has been subjected to rigorous scientific study; new test facilities have been founded; test procedures devised; simulation methods developed and evaluated; design rules formulated and checked against measured performance. It has been apparent here that the willingness to exchange information and experiences, which has always been a feature of the solar energy scene, remains as strong as ever. A further information-sharing initiative was noted on the part of another sponsor, UNESCO - the setting-up of the European Cooperative Network on Solar Energy, involving countries from both eastern and western Europe