Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2012: 5 Books in 1, Expert Consult - Online and Print (Ferri's Medical Solutions)

Cover 1 Copyright 5 Section editors 6 Contributors 8 Dedication 22 Preface 24 Evaluation of evidence 25 Level a 25 Level b 25 Level c 25 Sources of evidence 25 SECTION I - Diseases and Disorders 26 A 26 Abruptio placentae 26 Basic information 26 Definition 26 Synonyms 26 Epidemiology & demographics 26 Incidence (in U.S.): 26 Risk factors: 26 Recurrence rate: 26 Physical findings & clinical presentation 26 Etiology 26 Diagnosis 26 Differential diagnosis 26 Workup 26 Laboratory tests 26 Imaging studies 26 Treatment 26 Acute general Rx 26 Chronic Rx 26 Disposition 26 Referral 26 Abscess, Brain 27 Basic information 27 Definition 27 Epidemiology & demographics 27 Incidence: 27 Peak incidence: 27 Predominant age: 27 Predominant sex: 27 Physical findings & clinical presentation 27 Etiology 27 Diagnosis 27 Differential diagnosis 27 Workup 27 Laboratory tests 27 Imaging studies 27 Treatment 28 Acute general Rx 28 Medical Rx 28 Surgical Rx 28 Disposition 28 Referral 28 Pearls & considerations 28 Comments 28 Prevention 28 Abscess, Breast 29 Basic information 29 Definition 29 Synonyms 29 Epidemiology & demographics 29 Incidence: 29 Physical findings & clinical presentation 29 Etiology 29 Diagnosis 29 Differential diagnosis 29 Workup 29 Laboratory tests 29 Treatment 29 Nonpharmacologic therapy 29 Acute general Rx 29 Chronic Rx 29 Disposition 29 Referral 29 Abscess, Liver 30 Basic information 30 Definition 30 Synonyms 30 Epidemiology & demographics 30 Incidence: 30 Prevalance (worldwide): 30 Prevalence (in U.S.): 30 Predominant sex and age: 30 Physical findings & clinical presentation 30 Etiology 30 Diagnosis 30 Differential diagnosis 30 Workup 30 Laboratory tests 30 Imaging studies 30 Treatment 30 Nonpharmacologic therapy 30 Acute general Rx 31 Chronic Rx 31 Disposition 31 Referral 31 Pearls & considerations 31 Comments 31 Abscess, Lung 32 Basic information 32 Definition 32 Synonyms 32 Epidemiology & demographics 32 Incidence: 32 Risk factors (see table 1-1): 32 Physical findings & clinical presentation 32 Etiology 32 Diagnosis 32 Differential diagnosis 32 Workup 32 Laboratory tests 32 Imaging studies 32 Treatment 32 Nonpharmacologic therapy 32 Acute general Rx 32 Chronic Rx 33 Disposition 33 Referral 33 Pearls & considerations 33 Comments 33 Abscess, Pelvic 34 Basic information 34 Definition 34 Synonyms 34 Epidemiology & demographics 34 Incidence: 34 Risk factors: 34 Physical findings & clinical presentation 34 Etiology 34 Diagnosis 34 Differential diagnosis 34 Laboratory tests 34 Imaging studies 34 Treatment 34 Acute general Rx 34 Disposition 34 Referral 34 Pearls & considerations 34 Comments 34 Abscess, Perirectal 35 Basic information 35 Definition 35 Synonyms 35 Epidemiology & demographics 35 Incidence (in U.S.): 35 Predominant sex: 35 Predominant age: 35 Peak incidence: 35 Genetics: 35 Physical findings & clinical presentation 35 Etiology 35 Diagnosis 35 Differential diagnosis 35 Workup 35 Imaging studies 35 Treatment 35 Acute general Rx 35 Disposition 35 Referral 35 Pearls & considerations 35 Abuse, Child 36 Basic information 36 Definition 36 Synonyms 36 Epidemiology & demographics 36 Incidence (in U.S.): 36 Predominant sex: 36 Predominant age: 36 Genetics: 36 Etiology 36 Diagnosis 36 Differential diagnosis 36 Bruising 36 Burns 37 Intracranial hemorrhage 37 Fractures 37 Sexual abuse 37 Workup 37 Imaging studies 37 Treatment 37 Acute general Rx 37 Chronic Rx 37 Outcomes 37 Pearls & considerations 38 Prevention 38 Abuse, Drug 39 Basic information 39 Definition 39 Synonyms 39 Epidemiology & demographics 39 Incidence (in U.S.): 39 Prevalence (in U.S.): 39 Predominant sex: 39 Predominant age: 39 Peak incidence: 39 Duration of condition: 39 Genetics: 39 Physical findings & clinical presentation 39 Etiology 39 Diagnosis 39 Differential diagnosis 39 Workup 39 Laboratory tests 39 Imaging studies 39 Treatment 40 Nonpharmacologic therapy 40 Acute general Rx 40 Chronic Rx 40 Disposition 40 Referral 40 Pearls & considerations 40 Abuse, Elder 41 Basic information 41 Definition 41 Synonyms 41 Epidemiology & demographics 41 Incidence: 41 Peak incidence: 41 Prevalence: 41 Risk factors (victim): 41 Risk factors (perpetrator): 41 Physical findings & clinical presentation 41 Diagnosis 41 Differential diagnosis 41 Workup 41 Laboratory tests & imaging studies 41 Treatment 41 Nonpharmacologic therapy 41 Acute general Rx 41 Disposition 41 Referral 41 Pearls & considerations 41 Comments 41 Prevention 41 Patient & family education 41 Acetaminophen Poisoning 42 Basic information 42 Definition 42 Synonyms 42 Epidemiology & demographics 42 Physical findings & clinical presentation 42 Etiology 42 Diagnosis 42 Differential diagnosis 42 Workup 42 Laboratory tests 42 Treatment 42 Nonpharmacologic therapy 42 Acute general Rx 42 Disposition 42 Referral 42 Achalasia 43 Basic information 43 Definition 43 Synonyms 43 Epidemiology & demographics 43 Physical findings & clinical presentation 43 Etiology 43 Diagnosis 43 Differential diagnosis 43 Workup 43 Laboratory tests 43 Imaging studies 43 Treatment 44 Nonpharmacologic therapy 44 General Rx 44 Pearls & considerations 44 Comments 44 Achilles Tendon Rupture 45 Basic information 45 Definition 45 Epidemiology & demographics 45 Predominant age: 45 Physical findings & clinical presentation 45 Etiology 45 Diagnosis 45 Differential diagnosis 45 Workup 45 Treatment 45 Disposition 45 Acne Vulgaris 46 Basic information 46 Definition 46 Synonyms 46 Epidemiology & demographics 46 Physical findings & clinical presentation 46 Etiology 46 Diagnosis 46 Differential diagnosis 46 Workup 46 Laboratory tests 46 Treatment 46 Nonpharmacologic therapy 46 Acute general Rx 46 Referral 47 Pearls & considerations 47 Comments 47 Acoustic Neuroma 48 Basic information 48 Definition 48 Synonyms 48 Epidemiology & demographics 48 Physical findings & clinical presentation 48 Etiology 48 Diagnosis 48 Differential diagnosis 48 Workup 48 Laboratory tests 48 Imaging studies 48 Treatment 48 Nonpharmacologic therapy 48 Acute general Rx 48 Chronic Rx 48 Disposition 48 Referral 48 Pearls & considerations 48 Comments 48 Patient/family education 48 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 49 Basic information 49 Definition 49 Synonyms 49 Epidemiology & demographics 49 Incidence (in U.S.): 49 Prevalence (in U.S.): 49 Predominant sex: 49 Predominant age: 49 Peak incidence: 49 Genetics: 49 Physical findings & clinical presentation 49 Etiology 49 Diagnosis 49 Differential diagnosis 49 Workup 49 Laboratory tests 49 Imaging studies 49 Treatment 49 Nonpharmacologic therapy 49 Acute general Rx 49 Chronic Rx 49 Disposition 50 Referral 50 Acromegaly 51 Basic information 51 Definition 51 Synonyms 51 Epidemiology & demographics 51 Incidence: 51 Prevalence: 51 Predominant sex: 51 Mean age at diagnosis: 51 Risk factors 51 Physical findings & clinical presentation 51 Etiology 51 Diagnosis 51 Differential diagnosis 51 Workup 51 Laboratory tests 51 Imaging studies 51 Treatment 51 Surgery 51 Radiotherapy 51 Medical therapy 51 Chronic Rx 51 Disposition 51 Actinomycosis 52 Basic information 52 Definition 52 Synonyms 52 Epidemiology & demographics 52 Physical findings & clinical presentation 52 Etiology 52 Diagnosis 52 Differential diagnosis 53 Workup 53 Laboratory tests 53 Imaging studies 53 Treatment 53 Nonpharmacologic therapy 53 Acute general Rx 53 Chronic Rx 53 Disposition 53 Referral 53 Pearls & considerations 53 Comments 53 Acute Bronchitis 54 Basic information 54 Definition 54 Synonyms 54 Epidemiology & demographics 54 Physical findings & clinical presentation 54 Etiology 54 Diagnosis 54 Differential diagnosis 54 Workup 54 Laboratory tests 54 Imaging studies 54 Treatment 54 Nonpharmacologic therapy 54 Acute general Rx 54 Chronic Rx 54 Disposition 54 Referral 54 Pearls & considerations 54 Comments 54 Acute Coronary Syndrome 55 Basic information 55 Definition 55 Synonyms 55 Epidemiology & demographics 55 Incidence: 55 Predominant sex and age: 55 Risk factors: 55 Physical findings & clinical presentation 55 Etiology 55 Diagnosis 55 Differential diagnosis 55 Workup 55 Laboratory tests 55 Imaging studies 56 Treatment 56 Nonpharmacologic therapy 56 Acute general Rx 56 Chronic Rx 57 Referral 57 Pearls & considerations 57 Comments 57 Prevention 57 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 57 Basic information 57 Definition 57 Synonyms 58 Epidemiology & demographics 58 Physical findings & clinical presentation 58 Etiology 58 Diagnosis 58 Differential diagnosis 58 Workup 58 Laboratory tests 58 Imaging studies 58 Treatment 59 Nonpharmacologic therapy 59 Acute general Rx 59 Disposition 59 Referral 59 Addison Disease 60 Basic information 60 Definition 60 Synonyms 60 Epidemiology & demographics 60 Prevalence: 60 Predominant sex: 60 Physical findings & clinical presentation 60 Etiology 60 Diagnosis 60 Differential diagnosis 60 Workup 60 Laboratory tests 60 Imaging studies 60 Treatment 60 Nonpharmacologic therapy 60 Acute general Rx 60 Chronic Rx 60 Alcoholism 61 Basic information 61 Definition 61 Synonyms 61 Epidemiology & demographics 61 Incidence (in U.S.): 61 Prevalence (in U.S.): 61 Predominant sex: 61 Peak incidence: 61 Genetics: 61 Physical findings & clinical presentation 61 Etiology 61 Diagnosis 61 Workup 61 Laboratory tests 61 Imaging studies 61 Treatment 61 Nonpharmacologic therapy 61 Acute general Rx 61 Chronic Rx 63 Disposition 63 Referral 63 Pearls & considerations 63 Comments 63 Alopecia 64 Basic information 64 Definition 64 Synonyms 64 Epidemiology & demographics 64 Incidence: 64 Genetics: 64 Etiology 64 Nonscarring 64 Scarring 64 Clinical features 64 History: 64 Physical examination: 64 Diagnosis 64 Workup 64 Laboratory tests 64 Differential diagnosis 64 Nonscarring 64 Scarring 65 Treatment 65 Referral 65 Patient/family education 65 Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency 66 Basic information 66 Definition 66 Synonyms 66 Epidemiology & demographics 66 Physical findings & clinical presentation 66 Etiology 66 Diagnosis 66 Differential diagnosis 66 Workup 66 Laboratory tests 66 Imaging studies 66 Treatment 66 Nonpharmacologic therapy 66 Acute general Rx 66 Chronic Rx 66 Disposition 66 Referral 66 Pearls & considerations 66 Altitude Sickness 67 Basic information 67 Definition 67 Synonyms 67 Epidemiology & demographics 67 Physical findings & clinical presentation 67 Etiology 67 Diagnosis 67 Differential diagnosis 67 Workup 67 Laboratory tests 68 Imaging studies 68 Treatment 68 Nonpharmacologic therapy 68 Acute pharmacologic Rx 68 Chronic Rx 68 Disposition 68 Referral 68 Pearls & considerations 68 Comments 68 Alzheimer’s Disease 69 Basic information 69 Definition 69 Epidemiology & demographics 69 Incidence: 69 Prevalence: 69 Predominant sex: 69 Physical findings & clinical presentation 69 Diagnosis 69 Differential diagnosis 69 Workup 69 History & general physical examination: 69 Mental status testing: 69 Laboratory tests 69 Imaging studies 69 Treatment 69 Nonpharmacologic therapy 69 Acute general Rx 69 Chronic Rx 69 Disposition & referral 70 Pearls & considerations 70 Comments 70 Amaurosis Fugax 71 Basic information 71 Definition 71 Epidemiology & demographics 71 Incidence (in U.S.): 71 Peak incidence: 71 Physical findings & clinical presentation 71 Etiology 71 Diagnosis 71 Differential diagnosis 71 Workup 71 Laboratory tests 71 Imaging studies 71 Treatment 71 Nonpharmacologic therapy 71 Acute general Rx 71 Chronic Rx 71 Disposition 71 Referral 71 Pearls & considerations 71 Amblyopia 72 Basic information 72 Definition 72 Synonyms 72 Epidemiology & demographics 72 Incidence (in U.S.): 72 Prevalence (in U.S.): 72 Predominant sex: 72 Predominant age: 72 Peak incidence: 72 Physical findings & clinical presentation 72 Etiology 72 Diagnosis 72 Differential diagnosis 72 Workup 72 Laboratory tests 72 Imaging studies 72 Treatment 72 Nonpharmacologic therapy 72 Chronic Rx 72 Disposition 72 Referral 72 Pearls & considerations 72 Comments 72 Amebiasis 73 Basic information 73 Definition 73 Synonyms 73 Epidemiology & demographics 73 Incidence (in U.S.): 73 Prevalence (in U.S.): 73 Predominant sex: 73 Predominant age: 73 Peak incidence: 73 Genetics: 73 Physical findings & clinical presentation 73 Etiology 73 Diagnosis 73 Differential diagnosis 73 Workup 73 Laboratory tests 73 Imaging studies 73 Treatment 73 Acute general Rx 73 Disposition 73 Referral 73 Pearls & considerations 73 Comments 73 Amenorrhea 74 Basic information 74 Description 74 Epidemiology & demographics 74 Etiology 74 Physical findings & clinical presentation 74 Diagnosis 75 Treatment 75 Complications 76 Prognosis 76 Patient education 76 Amnestic Disorder 77 Basic information 77 Definition 77 Some well-known amnestic disorders 77 Epidemiology & demographics 77 Incidence: 77 Predominant age: 77 Genetics: 77 Physical findings & clinical presentation 77 History 77 Etiology (medical conditions and persistent effects of drugs) 77 Diagnosis 77 Differential diagnosis 77 Workup 77 Laboratory tests 77 Imaging studies 77 Treatment 77 Nonpharmacologic therapy 77 Acute general Rx 77 Chronic Rx 77 Disposition 77 Referral 77 Pearls & considerations 78 Comments 78 Prevention 78 Patient & family education 78 Amyloidosis 79 Basic information 79 Definition 79 Epidemiology & demographics 79 Incidence (in U.S.): 79 Prevalence: 79 Physical findings & clinical presentation 79 Etiology 79 Diagnosis 79 Differential diagnosis 79 Workup 79 Laboratory tests 79 Imaging studies 79 Treatment 79 Acute general Rx 79 Disposition 79 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 80 Basic information 80 Definition 80 Synonyms 80 Epidemiology & demographics 80 Incidence: 80 Prevalence: 80 Physical findings & clinical presentation 80 Etiology 80 Diagnosis 80 Differential diagnosis 80 Workup 80 Laboratory tests 80 Imaging studies 80 Treatment 80 Nonpharmacologic therapy 80 Acute general Rx 80 Chronic Rx 80 Disposition 80 Referral 80 Pearls & considerations 80 Anaerobic Infections 81 Basic information 81 Definition 81 Physical findings & clinical presentation 81 Etiology 81 Diagnosis 81 Differential diagnosis 81 Workup 81 Laboratory tests 81 Imaging studies 81 Treatment 81 Nonpharmacologic therapy 81 Acute general Rx 81 Disposition 81 Referral 81 Anal Fissure 82 Basic information 82 Definition 82 Synonyms 82 Epidemiology & demographics 82 Predominant sex: 82 Predominant age: 82 Physical findings & clinical presentation 82 Etiology 82 Diagnosis 82 Differential diagnosis 82 Workup 82 Imaging studies 82 Treatment 82 Nonpharmacologic therapy 82 Acute general Rx 82 Chronic Rx 82 Disposition 82 Referral 82 Pearls & considerations 82 Comments 82 Anaphylaxis 83 Basic information 83 Definition 83 Synonyms 83 Epidemiology & demographics 83 Incidence: 83 Physical findings & clinical presentation 83 Etiology 83 Diagnosis 83 Differential diagnosis 83 Workup 83 Laboratory tests 83 Imaging studies 83 Treatment 83 Nonpharmacologic therapy 83 Acute general Rx 83 Pearls & considerations 83 Comments 83 Anemia of Chronic Disease 84 Basic information 84 Definition 84 Synonyms 84 Epidemiology & demographics 84 Prevalence: 84 Predominant sex and age: 84 Risk factors: 84 Physical findings & clinical presentation 84 Etiology 84 Diagnosis 84 Differential diagnosis 84 Workup 84 Laboratory tests 84 Treatment 84 Acute general Rx 84 Chronic Rx 84 Referral 84 Pearls & considerations 84 Comments 84 Prevention 84 Patient/family education 84 Anemia, Aplastic 85 Basic information 85 Definition 85 Synonyms 85 Epidemiology & demographics 85 Incidence: 85 Predominant sex and age: 85 Physical findings & clinical presentation 85 Etiology 85 Diagnosis 85 Differential diagnosis 85 Workup 85 Laboratory tests 85 Imaging studies 85 Treatment 85 Nonpharmacologic therapy 85 Acute general Rx 85 Chronic Rx 85 Disposition 85 Referral 85 Anemia, Autoimmune Hemolytic 86 Basic information 86 Definition 86 Epidemiology & demographics 86 Physical findings & clinical presentation 86 Etiology 86 Diagnosis 86 Differential diagnosis 86 Workup 86 Laboratory tests 86 Imaging studies 86 Treatment 86 Nonpharmacologic therapy 86 Acute general Rx 86 Disposition 86 Referral 86 Pearls & considerations 86 Comments 86 Anemia, Iron Deficiency 87 Basic information 87 Definition 87 Epidemiology & demographics 87 Physical findings & clinical presentation 87 Etiology 87 Diagnosis 87 Differential diagnosis (table 1-8) 87 Workup 87 Laboratory tests 87 Treatment 87 Nonpharmacologic therapy 87 Acute general Rx 87 Chronic Rx 87 Disposition 88 Referral 88 Pearls & considerations 88 Comments 88 Anemia, Pernicious 89 Basic information 89 Definition 89 Synonyms 89 Epidemiology & demographics 89 Physical findings & clinical presentation 89 Etiology 89 Diagnosis 89 Differential diagnosis 89 Workup 89 Laboratory tests 89 Treatment 89 Nonpharmacologic therapy 89 Acute general Rx 89 Chronic Rx 89 Disposition 89 Referral 89 Pearls & considerations 89 Comments 89 Anemia, Sideroblastic 90 Basic information 90 Definition 90 Synonyms 90 Epidemiology & demographics 90 Physical findings & clinical presentation 90 Etiology 90 Diagnosis 90 Differential diagnosis 90 Workup 90 Laboratory tests 90 Treatment 90 Nonpharmacologic therapy 90 Acute general Rx 90 Chronic Rx 90 Disposition 90 Referral 90 Pearls & considerations 90 Comments 90 Aneurysm, Abdominal Aorta 91 Basic information 91 Definition 91 Synonyms 91 Epidemiology & demographics 91 Physical findings & clinical presentation 91 Etiology 91 Natural history 91 Diagnosis 91 Differential diagnosis 91 Imaging studies (fig. 1-25) 91 Treatment 91 Nonpharmacologic therapy 91 Acute general Rx 91 Chronic Rx 91 Referral 92 Pearls & considerations 92 Comments 92 Angina Pectoris 93 Basic information 93 Definition 93 Functional classification 93 Epidemiology & demographics 93 Physical findings & clinical presentation 93 Etiology 93 Uncontrollable risk factors for angina: 93 Modifiable risk factors for angina: 93 Diagnosis 94 Differential diagnosis 94 Workup 94 Laboratory tests 94 Imaging studies 94 Treatment 95 Nonpharmacologic therapy 95 Pharmacologic therapy 95 Referral 95 Pearls & considerations 96 Comments 96 Angioedema 97 Basic information 97 Definition 97 Synonyms 97 Epidemiology & demographics 97 Incidence: 97 Lifetime prevalence: 97 Demographics: 97 Physical findings & clinical presentation 97 Etiology 97 Diagnosis 97 Differential diagnosis 97 Workup 97 Laboratory tests 97 Treatment 98 Nonpharmacologic therapy 98 Acute general Rx 98 Chronic Rx 98 Disposition 98 Referral 98 Pearls & considerations 98 Comments 98 Ankle Fracture 99 Basic information 99 Definition 99 Physical findings & clinical presentation 99 Etiology 99 Diagnosis 99 Differential diagnosis 99 Imaging studies 99 Treatment 99 Acute general Rx 99 Chronic Rx 99 Disposition 99 Referral 99 Ankle Sprain 100 Basic information 100 Definition 100 Epidemiology & demographics 100 Prevalence: 100 Predominant sex: 100 Physical findings & clinical presentation 100 Etiology 100 Diagnosis 100 Differential diagnosis 100 Workup 100 Imaging studies 100 Treatment 100 Acute general Rx 100 Chronic Rx 101 Disposition 101 Referral 101 Pearls & considerations 101 Comments 101 Ankylosing Spondylitis 102 Basic information 102 Definition 102 Synonyms 102 Epidemiology & demographics 102 Prevalence: 102 Predominant age at onset: 102 Predominant sex: 102 Physical findings & clinical presentation 102 Etiology 102 Diagnosis 102 Differential diagnosis 102 Laboratory tests 102 Imaging studies 102 Treatment 102 Nonpharmacologic therapy 102 Chronic Rx 102 Disposition 102 Referral 102 Pearls & considerations 102 Anorectal Fistula 103 Basic information 103 Definition 103 Synonyms 103 Epidemiology & demographics 103 Physical findings & clinical presentation 103 Etiology 103 Diagnosis 103 Differential diagnosis 103 Workup 103 Laboratory tests 103 Imaging studies 103 Treatment 103 Nonpharmacologic therapy 103 Acute general Rx 103 Chronic Rx 103 Disposition 103 Referral 103 Pearls & considerations 103 Comments 103 Anorexia Nervosa 104 Basic information 104 Definition 104 Epidemiology & demographics 104 Incidence/prevalence (in U.S.): 104 Predominant sex: 104 Predominant age: 104 Physical findings & clinical presentation 104 Etiology 104 Diagnosis 104 Differential diagnosis 104 Workup 104 Laboratory tests 104 Treatment 105 Nonpharmacologic therapy 105 Acute general Rx 105 Chronic Rx 105 Disposition 105 Referral 105 Anoxic Brain Injury 106 Basic information 106 Definition 106 Synonyms 106 Epidemiology & demographics 106 Incidence: 106 Prevalence: 106 Risk factors: 106 Physical findings & clinical presentation 106 Etiology 106 Diagnosis 106 Differential diagnosis 106 Workup 106 Laboratory test(s) 106 Imaging studies 106 Treatment 106 Nonpharmacologic therapy 106 Acute general Rx 106 Chronic Rx 106 Disposition 106 Referral 106 Pearls & considerations 107 Comments 107 Prevention 107 Patient/family education 107 Anthrax 108 Basic information 108 Definition 108 Epidemiology & demographics 108 Physical findings & clinical presentation 108 Etiology 108 Diagnosis 108 Differential diagnosis 108 Laboratory tests 108 Imaging studies 108 Treatment 108 Nonpharmacologic Rx 108 Acute general Rx 108 Disposition 108 Referral 108 Pearls & considerations 108 Comments 108 Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome 110 Basic information 110 Definition 110 Epidemiology & demographics 110 Prevalence: 110 Predominant age: 110 Risk factors: 110 Genetics: 110 Physical findings & clinical presentation 110 Etiology 110 Diagnosis 110 Differential diagnosis 110 Workup 110 Laboratory tests 110 Treatment 111 Acute general Rx 111 Secondary prophylaxis: 111 Chronic Rx 111 Disposition 111 Referral 111 Pearls & considerations 111 Comments 111 Prevention 111 Anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder) 112 Basic information 112 Definition 112 Synonyms 112 Epidemiology & demographics 112 Incidence (in U.S.): 112 Peak incidence: 112 Prevalence (in U.S.): 112 Predominant sex: 112 Predominant age: 112 Genetics: 112 Physical findings & clinical presentation 112 Etiology 112 Diagnosis 112 Differential diagnosis 112 Workup 112 Treatment 112 Nonpharmacologic therapy 112 Pharmacologic therapy 112 Acute general Rx 112 Chronic Rx 112 Disposition 112 Referral 112 Aortic Dissection 113 Basic information 113 Definition 113 Synonyms 113 Epidemiology & demographics 113 Predominant sex and age: 113 Incidence: 113 Risk factors: 113 Classification 113 Physical findings & clinical presentation 113 Etiology 113 Diagnosis 113 Differential diagnosis 113 Laboratory tests 113 Imaging studies 114 Treatment 114 Acute general Rx 114 Chronic Rx 114 Disposition 114 Referral 114 Pearls & considerations 114 Aortic Regurgitation 115 Basic information 115 Definition 115 Synonyms 115 Epidemiology & demographics 115 Physical findings & clinical presentation 115 Etiology 115 Diagnosis 115 Differential diagnosis 115 Workup 115 Imaging studies 115 Treatment 115 Nonpharmacologic therapy 115 Acute general Rx 115 Medical: 115 Surgical: 115 Aortic Stenosis 116 Basic information 116 Definition 116 Synonyms 116 Epidemiology & demographics 116 Physical findings & clinical presentation 116 Etiology 116 Diagnosis 116 Differential diagnosis 116 Workup 116 Imaging studies 116 Treatment 116 Nonpharmacologic therapy 116 General Rx 116 Medical: 116 Surgical: 116 Disposition 116 Referral 116 Appendicitis, Acute 117 Basic information 117 Definition 117 Epidemiology & demographics 117 Physical findings & clinical presentation 117 Etiology 117 Diagnosis 117 Differential diagnosis 117 Workup 117 Laboratory tests 117 Imaging studies 117 Treatment 117 Nonpharmacologic therapy 117 Acute general Rx 117 Pearls & considerations 117 Comments 117 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia 118 Basic information 118 Definition 118 Synonyms 118 Epidemiology & demographics 118 Incidence: 118 Prevalence: 118 Predominant sex and age: 118 Risk factors: 118 Genetics: 118 Physical findings & clinical presentation 118 Etiology 118 Diagnosis 118 Differential diagnosis 118 Workup 118 Imaging studies 119 Treatment 119 Nonpharmacologic therapy 119 Acute general Rx 119 Chronic Rx 119 Referral 119 Pearls & considerations 119 Prevention 119 Education 119 Arthritis, Granulomatous 120 Basic information 120 Definition 120 Synonyms 120 Epidemiology & demographics 120 Incidence (in U.S.): 120 Peak incidence: 120 Prevalence (in U.S.): 120 Predominant sex: 120 Predominant age: 120 Physical findings & clinical presentation 120 Etiology 120 Diagnosis 120 Differential diagnosis 120 Workup 120 Laboratory tests 120 Imaging studies 120 Treatment 120 Nonpharmacologic therapy 120 Acute general Rx 120 Chronic Rx 120 Disposition 120 Referral 120 Pearls & considerations 120 Comments 120 Arthritis, Infectious 121 Basic information 121 Definition 121 Synonyms 121 Epidemiology & demographics 121 Incidence (in U.S.): 121 Peak incidence: 121 Prevalence (in U.S.): 121 Predominant sex: 121 Predominant age: 121 Physical findings & clinical presentation 121 Etiology 121 Diagnosis 121 Differential diagnosis 121 Workup 121 Laboratory tests 121 Imaging studies 121 Treatment 121 Nonpharmacologic therapy 121 Acute general Rx 121 Chronic Rx 121 Disposition 121 Referral 121 Pearls & considerations 121 Comments 121 Arthritis, Psoriatic 122 Basic information 122 Definition 122 Epidemiology & demographics 122 Prevalence: 122 Predominant sex: 122 Predominant age: 122 Physical findings & clinical presentation 122 Etiology 122 Diagnosis 122 Differential diagnosis 122 Workup 122 Laboratory tests 122 Imaging studies 122 Treatment 122 Acute general Rx 122 Chronic Rx 123 Referral 123 Pearls & considerations 123 Asbestosis 124 Basic information 124 Definition 124 Epidemiology & demographics 124 Physical findings & clinical presentation 124 Etiology 124 Diagnosis 124 Differential diagnosis 124 Workup 124 Laboratory tests 124 Imaging studies 124 Treatment 124 Nonpharmacologic therapy 124 General Rx 124 Disposition 124 Referral 124 Pearls & considerations 124 Comments 124 Ascariasis 125 Basic information 125 Definition 125 Synonyms 125 Epidemiology & demographics 125 Incidence (in U.S.): 125 Peak incidence: 125 Prevalence (in U.S.): 125 Predominant sex: 125 Predominant age: 125 Neonatal infection: 125 Physical findings & clinical presentation 125 Etiology 125 Diagnosis 125 Differential diagnosis 125 Laboratory tests 125 Imaging studies 125 Treatment 125 Nonpharmacologic therapy 125 Acute general Rx 125 Disposition 125 Referral 125 Pearls & considerations 125 Comments 125 Ascites 126 Basic information 126 Definition 126 Synonyms 126 Epidemiology & demographics 126 Clinical presentation 126 Etiology 126 Diagnosis 126 Differential diagnosis 126 Laboratory tests 126 Imaging studies 126 Treatment 126 Nonpharmacologic therapy 126 Acute general Rx 126 Chronic Rx 126 Disposition 126 Referral 126 Pearls & considerations 126 Comments 126 Prevention 126 Aseptic Necrosis 127 Basic information 127 Definition 127 Synonyms 127 Epidemiology & demographics 127 Physical findings & clinical presentation 127 Etiology 127 Diagnosis 127 Differential diagnosis 127 Imaging studies (fig. 1-40) 127 Treatment 127 Prevention 127 Nonpharmacologic therapy 127 Acute general Rx 127 Prognosis 127 Aspergillosis 128 Basic information 128 Definition 128 Epidemiology & demographics 128 Incidence & prevalence: 128 Risk factors: 128 Etiology 128 Allergic aspergillosis 128 Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA): 128 Aspergillomas (“fungus balls”): 128 Invasive aspergillosis: 128 Extrapulmonary dissemination: 128 Diagnosis 128 Differential diagnosis 128 Workup 128 Laboratory tests 128 ABPA: 128 Aspergillomas: 128 Imaging studies 129 ABPA: 129 Aspergillomas: 129 Invasive aspergillosis: 129 Treatment 129 Acute general Rx 129 ABPA: 129 Aspergillomas: 129 Invasive aspergillosis: 129 Referral 129 Pearls & considerations 129 Asthma 130 Basic information 130 Definition 130 Synonyms 130 Epidemiology & demographics 130 Physical findings & clinical presentation 130 Etiology 130 Diagnosis 130 Differential diagnosis 130 Workup 130 Laboratory tests 130 Imaging studies 131 Treatment 131 Nonpharmacologic therapy 131 General Rx 131 Referral 132 Pearls & considerations 132 Comments 132 Astrocytoma 138 Basic information 138 Definition 138 Synonyms 138 Epidemiology & demographics 138 Genetics: 138 Physical findings & clinical presentation 138 Etiology 138 Diagnosis 138 Differential diagnosis 138 Workup 138 Laboratory tests 138 Imaging studies 138 Treatment 138 Acute general Rx 138 Chronic Rx 139 Disposition 139 Referral 139 Ataxia Telangiectasia 140 Basic information 140 Definition 140 Epidemiology & demographics 140 Incidence: 140 Peak incidence: 140 Predominant sex: 140 Genetics: 140 Physical findings & clinical presentation 140 Etiology 140 Diagnosis 140 Workup 140 Laboratory tests 140 Imaging studies 140 Treatment 140 Nonpharmacologic therapy 140 Complementary and alternative medicine 140 Disposition 140 Referral 140 Pearls & considerations 140 Comments 140 Patient/family education 140 Atelectasis 141 Basic information 141 Definition 141 Epidemiology & demographics 141 Physical findings & clinical presentation 141 Etiology 141 Diagnosis 141 Differential diagnosis 141 Workup 141 Imaging studies 141 Treatment 141 Nonpharmacologic therapy 141 Acute general Rx 141 Chronic Rx 141 Disposition 141 Referral 141 Pearls & considerations 141 Comments 141 Atopic Dermatitis 142 Basic information 142 Definition 142 Synonyms 142 Epidemiology & demographics 142 Physical findings & clinical presentation 142 Etiology 142 Diagnosis 142 Differential diagnosis 142 Workup 142 Major features: 142 Minor features: 142 Laboratory tests 142 Treatment 142 Nonpharmacologic therapy 142 General Rx 142 Disposition 142 Atrial Fibrillation 143 Basic information 143 Definition 143 Synonyms 143 Epidemiology & demographics 143 Physical findings & clinical presentation 143 Etiology 143 Diagnosis 143 Differential diagnosis 143 Workup 143 Laboratory tests 143 Imaging studies 143 Treatment 143 Nonpharmacologic therapy 143 Acute general Rx 143 Chronic Rx 144 Disposition 144 Referral 144 Pe Cover......Page 1 Copyright......Page 5 Section editors......Page 6 Contributors......Page 8 Dedication......Page 22 Preface......Page 24 Sources of evidence......Page 25 Referral......Page 26 Imaging studies......Page 27 Prevention......Page 28 Referral......Page 29 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 30 Comments......Page 31 Acute general Rx......Page 32 Comments......Page 33 Comments......Page 34 Pearls & considerations......Page 35 Bruising......Page 36 Outcomes......Page 37 Prevention......Page 38 Imaging studies......Page 39 Pearls & considerations......Page 40 Patient & family education......Page 41 Referral......Page 42 Imaging studies......Page 43 Comments......Page 44 Disposition......Page 45 Acute general Rx......Page 46 Comments......Page 47 Patient/family education......Page 48 Chronic Rx......Page 49 Referral......Page 50 Disposition......Page 51 Diagnosis......Page 52 Comments......Page 53 Comments......Page 54 Laboratory tests......Page 55 Acute general Rx......Page 56 Definition......Page 57 Imaging studies......Page 58 Referral......Page 59 Chronic Rx......Page 60 Acute general Rx......Page 61 Comments......Page 63 Nonscarring......Page 64 Patient/family education......Page 65 Pearls & considerations......Page 66 Workup......Page 67 Comments......Page 68 Chronic Rx......Page 69 Comments......Page 70 Pearls & considerations......Page 71 Comments......Page 72 Comments......Page 73 Physical findings & clinical presentation......Page 74 Treatment......Page 75 Patient education......Page 76 Referral......Page 77 Patient & family education......Page 78 Disposition......Page 79 Pearls & considerations......Page 80 Referral......Page 81 Comments......Page 82 Comments......Page 83 Patient/family education......Page 84 Referral......Page 85 Comments......Page 86 Chronic Rx......Page 87 Comments......Page 88 Comments......Page 89 Comments......Page 90 Chronic Rx......Page 91 Comments......Page 92 Modifiable risk factors for angina:......Page 93 Imaging studies......Page 94 Referral......Page 95 Comments......Page 96 Laboratory tests......Page 97 Comments......Page 98 Referral......Page 99 Acute general Rx......Page 100 Comments......Page 101 Pearls & considerations......Page 102 Comments......Page 103 Laboratory tests......Page 104 Referral......Page 105 Referral......Page 106 Patient/family education......Page 107 Comments......Page 108 Laboratory tests......Page 110 Prevention......Page 111 Referral......Page 112 Laboratory tests......Page 113 Pearls & considerations......Page 114 Surgical:......Page 115 Referral......Page 116 Comments......Page 117 Workup......Page 118 Education......Page 119 Comments......Page 120 Comments......Page 121 Acute general Rx......Page 122 Pearls & considerations......Page 123 Comments......Page 124 Comments......Page 125 Prevention......Page 126 Prognosis......Page 127 Aspergillomas:......Page 128 Pearls & considerations......Page 129 Laboratory tests......Page 130 General Rx......Page 131 Comments......Page 132 Acute general Rx......Page 138 Referral......Page 139 Patient/family education......Page 140 Comments......Page 141 Disposition......Page 142 Acute general Rx......Page 143 Comments......Page 144 Acute general Rx......Page 145 Comments......Page 146 Comments......Page 147 General Rx......Page 148 Disposition......Page 149 Acute general Rx......Page 150 Pearls & considerations......Page 151 Disposition......Page 152 Pearls & considerations......Page 153 Laboratory tests......Page 154 Comments......Page 155 Comments......Page 156 Referral......Page 157 Workup......Page 158 Referral......Page 159 Patient/family education......Page 160 Disposition......Page 161 Synonyms......Page 162 Workup......Page 163 Comments......Page 164 Referral......Page 165 Comments......Page 166 Disposition......Page 167 Prevention......Page 168 Acute general Rx......Page 169 Patient/family education......Page 170 Referral......Page 171 Pearls & considerations......Page 172 Pearls & considerations......Page 173 In the field:......Page 174 Referral......Page 175 Complications......Page 176 Etiology......Page 177 Systemic chemotherapy:......Page 178 Comments......Page 179 Disseminated extrapulmonary blastomycosis......Page 180 Pearls & considerations......Page 181 Referral......Page 182 Patient/family education......Page 183 Pearls & considerations......Page 184 Referral......Page 185 Patient & family education......Page 186 Comments......Page 187 Disposition......Page 188 Patient/family education......Page 189 Imaging studies......Page 190 Patient/family education......Page 191 Treatment......Page 192 Patient/family education......Page 193 Acute general Rx......Page 194 Comments......Page 195 Criteria for cesarean section:......Page 196 Referral......Page 197 Comments......Page 198 Referral......Page 199 Patient/family education......Page 200 Pearls & considerations......Page 201 Imaging studies......Page 202 Prevention......Page 203 Comments......Page 204 Comments......Page 205 Comments......Page 206 Comments......Page 207 Comments......Page 208 Comments......Page 209 Acute general Rx......Page 210 Pearls & considerations......Page 211 Disposition......Page 212 Comments......Page 213 Acute general Rx......Page 214 Comments......Page 215 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 216 Comments......Page 217 Imaging studies......Page 218 Referral......Page 219 Prevention......Page 220 Comments......Page 221 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 222 Patient/family education......Page 223 Pearls & considerations......Page 224 Pearls & considerations......Page 225 Comments......Page 226 Imaging studies......Page 227 Comments......Page 228 Comments......Page 229 Acute general Rx......Page 230 Pearls & considerations......Page 231 Laboratory tests......Page 232 Comments......Page 233 Pearls & considerations......Page 234 Comments......Page 235 Differential diagnosis......Page 236 Comments......Page 237 Comments......Page 238 Comments......Page 239 Laboratory tests......Page 240 Comments......Page 241 Comments......Page 242 Comments......Page 243 Disposition......Page 244 Comments......Page 245 Refferal......Page 246 Pearls & considerations......Page 247 Comments......Page 248 Disposition......Page 249 Comments......Page 250 Comments......Page 251 Workup......Page 252 Patient/family education......Page 253 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 254 Comments......Page 255 Chronic Rx......Page 256 Patient/family education......Page 257 Imaging studies......Page 258 Comments......Page 259 Laboratory tests......Page 260 Comments......Page 261 Laboratory tests......Page 262 Pearls & considerations......Page 263 Chronic Rx......Page 264 Comments......Page 265 Disposition......Page 266 Seizure management (status epilepticus):......Page 267 Pearls & considerations......Page 268 Acute general Rx......Page 269 Comments......Page 270 Treatment......Page 271 Imaging studies......Page 272 General Rx......Page 273 Comments......Page 274 Comments......Page 275 Comments......Page 276 Disposition......Page 277 Laboratory tests......Page 278 Prevention......Page 279 Comments......Page 280 Comments......Page 281 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 282 Referral......Page 283 Comments......Page 284 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 285 Comments......Page 286 Comments......Page 287 Comments......Page 288 Pearls & considerations......Page 289 Prognosis......Page 290 Comments......Page 291 Treatment......Page 292 Referral......Page 293 Patient/family education......Page 294 Comments......Page 295 Pearls & considerations......Page 296 Pearls & considerations......Page 297 Pearls & considerations......Page 298 Comments......Page 299 Clinical features......Page 300 Prevention......Page 301 Comments......Page 302 Laboratory tests......Page 303 Patient & family education......Page 304 Pearls & considerations......Page 305 Prevention......Page 306 Patient & family education......Page 307 Laboratory tests......Page 308 Comments......Page 309 Patient & family education......Page 311 Comments......Page 312 Disposition......Page 313 Patient/family education......Page 314 Workup......Page 315 Prevention......Page 316 Comments......Page 317 Disposition......Page 318 Comments......Page 319 Pearls & considerations......Page 320 Chronic Rx......Page 321 Pearls & considerations......Page 322 Comments......Page 323 Physical findings & clinical presentation......Page 324 Laboratory tests......Page 325 General Rx......Page 326 Comments......Page 329 Acute general Rx......Page 330 Comments......Page 331 Laboratory tests......Page 332 Patient/family education......Page 333 Laboratory tests......Page 334 Pearls & considerations......Page 335 Comments......Page 336 Chronic Rx......Page 337 Pearls & considerations......Page 338 Comments......Page 339 Referral......Page 340 Comments......Page 341 Comments......Page 342 Comments......Page 343 Acute general Rx......Page 344 Comments......Page 345 Referral......Page 346 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 347 Pearls & considerations......Page 348 Patient and family education......Page 349 Treatment......Page 350 Patient education......Page 351 Comments......Page 352 Comments......Page 353 Comments......Page 354 Referral......Page 355 Laboratory tests......Page 356 Pearls & considerations......Page 357 Referral......Page 358 Pearls & considerations......Page 359 Acute general Rx......Page 360 Comments......Page 361 Acute general Rx......Page 362 Patient & family education......Page 363 Comments......Page 364 Laboratory tests......Page 365 Pearls & considerations......Page 366 General Rx......Page 367 Pearls & considerations......Page 368 Prosthetic valve endocarditis (late):......Page 369 Comments......Page 370 Comments......Page 371 Pharmacologic management:......Page 372 Comments......Page 373 Referral......Page 374 Patient & family education......Page 375 Comments......Page 376 Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA):......Page 377 Pearls & considerations......Page 378 Treatment......Page 379 Pearls & considerations......Page 380 Pearls & considerations......Page 381 Chronic Rx......Page 382 Patient/family education......Page 383 Pearls & considerations......Page 384 Comments......Page 385 Acute general Rx......Page 386 Comments......Page 387 Comments......Page 388 Acute general Rx......Page 389 Pearls & considerations......Page 390 Pearls & considerations......Page 391 Comments......Page 392 Prognosis......Page 393 Imaging studies......Page 394 Patient/family education......Page 395 Pearls & considerations......Page 396 Pearls & considerations......Page 397 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 398 Patient/family education......Page 399 Referral......Page 400 Comments......Page 401 Comments......Page 402 Diagnosis......Page 403 Treatment......Page 404 Comments......Page 405 Referral......Page 406 Comments......Page 407 Pearls & considerations......Page 408 Imaging studies......Page 409 Comments......Page 410 Comments......Page 411 Pearls & considerations......Page 412 Patient/family education......Page 413 Physical findings & clinical presentation......Page 414 Comments......Page 415 Pearls & considerations......Page 416 Referral......Page 417 Comments......Page 418 Referral......Page 419 Comments......Page 420 Pearls & considerations......Page 421 Comments......Page 422 Disposition......Page 423 General Rx......Page 424 Referral......Page 425 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 426 Patient & family education......Page 427 Comments......Page 428 Comments......Page 429 Comments......Page 430 Comments......Page 431 Patient education......Page 432 Comments......Page 433 Comments......Page 434 Laboratory tests......Page 435 Comments......Page 436 Comments......Page 437 Comments......Page 438 Referral......Page 439 Pegloticase:......Page 440 Pearls & considerations......Page 441 Comments......Page 442 Comments......Page 443 Disposition......Page 444 Chronic Rx......Page 445 Comments......Page 446 Diagnosis......Page 447 Treatment......Page 448 Pearls & considerations......Page 449 Prevention......Page 450 Comments......Page 451 Prophylaxis Rx......Page 452 Pearls & considerations......Page 453 Pearls & considerations......Page 454 Clostridium difficile:......Page 455 Diagnosis......Page 456 Comments......Page 457 Comments......Page 459 Comments......Page 460 Physical findings & clinical presentation......Page 461 Treatment of adchf......Page 462 Chronic treatment of HF secondary to systolic dysfunction:......Page 463 Disposition......Page 464 Disposition......Page 465 Laboratory tests......Page 466 Pearls & considerations......Page 467 Pearls & considerations......Page 468 Comments......Page 469 Comments......Page 470 Disposition......Page 471 Disposition......Page 472 Definition......Page 473 Disposition & prognosis......Page 474 Pearls & considerations......Page 475 Laboratory tests......Page 476 Prevention......Page 477 Comments......Page 478 Pearls & considerations......Page 479 Active immunization......Page 480 Etiology......Page 481 Chronic Rx......Page 482 Comments......Page 483 Imaging studies......Page 484 Pearls & considerations......Page 485 Pharmacologic therapy......Page 486 Patient & family education......Page 487 Treatment......Page 488 Prevention......Page 489 Comments......Page 490 Comments......Page 491 Comments......Page 492 Laboratory tests......Page 493 Comments......Page 494 Referral......Page 495 Acute general Rx......Page 496 Comments......Page 497 Acute and chronic Rx......Page 498 Patient & family education......Page 499 Laboratory tests......Page 500 Comments......Page 501 Imaging studies......Page 502 Patient/family education......Page 503 Workup......Page 504 Comments......Page 505 Patient & family education......Page 506 Workup......Page 507 Referral......Page 508 Comments......Page 509 Comments......Page 510 Comments......Page 511 Pearls & considerations......Page 512 General Rx......Page 513 Comments......Page 514 Etiology......Page 515 Chronic Rx......Page 516 Comments......Page 517 Pearls & considerations......Page 518 Treatment......Page 519 Caution......Page 520 Imaging studies......Page 521 Prevention......Page 522 Pearls & considerations......Page 523 Chronic Rx......Page 524 Comments......Page 525 Acquired:......Page 526 Acute general Rx......Page 527 Pearls & considerations......Page 528 Comments......Page 529 Comments......Page 530 Comments......Page 531 Comments......Page 533 Imaging studies......Page 534 Comments......Page 535 Acute general Rx......Page 536 Pearls & considerations......Page 537 Pearls & considerations......Page 538 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 539 Htn during pregnancy:......Page 540 Comments......Page 541 Surgical therapy (subtotal thyroidectomy):......Page 542 Comments......Page 543 Comments......Page 544 Pearls & considerations......Page 545 Comments......Page 546 Pearls & considerations......Page 547 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 548 Comments......Page 549 Treatment......Page 550 Comments......Page 551 Pearls & considerations......Page 552 Acute general Rx......Page 553 Comments......Page 555 Patient education......Page 556 Patient & family education......Page 557 Pearls & considerations......Page 558 Acute and chronic general Rx......Page 559 Comments......Page 560 Disposition......Page 561 Comments......Page 562 Patient/family education......Page 563 Patient/family education......Page 564 History......Page 565 Comments......Page 566 Disposition......Page 567 Acute general Rx......Page 568 Patient/family education......Page 569 Referral......Page 570 Comments......Page 571 Patient & family education......Page 572 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 573 Patient/family education......Page 574 Referral......Page 575 Acute and chronic Rx......Page 576 Patient & family education......Page 577 Referral......Page 578 Prevention......Page 579 General Rx......Page 580 Comments......Page 581 Differential diagnosis......Page 582 Comments......Page 583 Imaging studies......Page 584 Comments......Page 585 Comments......Page 586 Laboratory tests......Page 587 Chronic Rx......Page 588 Patient & family education......Page 589 Treatment......Page 590 Prognosis......Page 591 Comments......Page 592 Comments......Page 593 Comments......Page 594 Comments......Page 595 Comments......Page 596 Disposition......Page 597 Pearls & considerations......Page 598 Comments......Page 599 Comments......Page 600 Comments......Page 601 Comments......Page 602 Laboratory tests......Page 603 Comments......Page 604 Referral......Page 605 Referral......Page 606 Acute general Rx......Page 608 Disposition......Page 609 Pearls & considerations......Page 610 Staging:......Page 611 Disposition......Page 612 Acute general Rx......Page 613 Comments......Page 614 Pearls & considerations......Page 615 Comments......Page 616 Comments......Page 617 Comments......Page 618 Pharmacologic......Page 619 Comments......Page 620 Comments......Page 621 Differential diagnosis......Page 622 Non–small cell carcinoma:......Page 623 Comments......Page 624 Pearls & considerations......Page 625 Comments......Page 626 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 627 Pearls & considerations......Page 628 Comments......Page 629 Intermediate- and high-grade lymphomas (e.g., diffuse histiocytic lymphoma):......Page 630 Disposition......Page 632 Patient & family education......Page 633 Comments......Page 634 Physical findings & clinical presentation......Page 635 Molecular diagnosis of malaria:......Page 636 Pearls & considerations......Page 637 Patient & family education......Page 639 Pearls & considerations......Page 640 Treatment......Page 641 Complementary and alternative medicine......Page 642 Patient & family education......Page 643 Disposition......Page 644 Comments......Page 645 Pearls & considerations......Page 646 Prevention......Page 647 Treatment......Page 648 Referral......Page 649 Workup......Page 650 Disposition......Page 651 Comments......Page 652 Imaging studies......Page 653 Patient/family education......Page 654 Disposition......Page 655 Comments......Page 656 Pearls & considerations......Page 657 Comments......Page 658 Acute general Rx......Page 659 Comments......Page 660 Prognosis......Page 661 Imaging studies......Page 662 Prevention......Page 663 Prognosis......Page 664 Comments......Page 665 Referral......Page 666 Patient & family education......Page 667 Referral......Page 668 Patient/family education......Page 669 Comments......Page 670 Referral......Page 671 Comments......Page 672 Acute general Rx......Page 673 Disposition......Page 674 Comments......Page 675 Comments......Page 676 Referral......Page 677 Comments......Page 678 Comments......Page 679 Comments......Page 680 Comments......Page 681 Prognosis......Page 682 Definition......Page 683 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 684 Disposition......Page 685 Differential diagnosis......Page 686 Pearls & considerations......Page 687 Laboratory tests......Page 689 Comments......Page 690 Pearls & considerations......Page 691 Treatment......Page 692 Pearls & considerations......Page 693 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 694 Comments......Page 695 Workup......Page 696 Comments......Page 697 Imaging studies......Page 698 Acute general Rx......Page 699 Chronic Rx......Page 700 Comments......Page 701 Referral......Page 702 Comments......Page 703 Laboratory tests......Page 704 Pearls & considerations......Page 705 Referral......Page 706 Comments......Page 707 Comments......Page 708 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 709 Comments......Page 710 Treatment......Page 711 Prognosis......Page 712 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 713 Referral......Page 714 Treatment......Page 715 Pearls & considerations......Page 716 Diagnosis......Page 717 Comments......Page 718 Comments......Page 719 Electrophysiology studies......Page 720 Acute general Rx......Page 721 Pearls & considerations......Page 722 Imaging studies......Page 723 Patient & family education......Page 724 Imaging studies......Page 725 Comments......Page 726 Comments......Page 727 Imaging studies......Page 728 Disposition......Page 729 Patient & family education......Page 730 Pearls & considerations......Page 731 Comments......Page 732 Acute general Rx......Page 733 Comments......Page 734 Laboratory tests......Page 735 Patient & family education......Page 736 Comments......Page 737 Pearls & considerations......Page 738 Pearls & considerations......Page 739 Other treatments......Page 740 Comments......Page 741 Comments......Page 742 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 743 Comments......Page 744 Comments......Page 745 Treatment......Page 746 Pearls & considerations......Page 747 Acute general Rx......Page 748 Comments......Page 749 Etiology......Page 750 Pearls & considerations......Page 751 Laboratory tests......Page 752 Comments......Page 753 Comments......Page 754 Acute general Rx......Page 755 Disposition......Page 756 Referral......Page 757 Disposition......Page 758 Referral......Page 759 Staging group:......Page 760 Comments......Page 761 Imaging studies......Page 762 Referral......Page 763 Referral......Page 764 Imaging studies......Page 765 Pearls & considerations......Page 766 Referral......Page 767 Comments......Page 768 Imaging studies......Page 769 Comments......Page 770 Comments......Page 771 Pearls & considerations......Page 772 Prognosis......Page 773 Comments......Page 774 Patient/family education......Page 775 Percutaneous transcatheter closure of PFO......Page 776 Surgical closure (open thoracotomy)......Page 777 Prevention......Page 778 Patient & family education......Page 779 Comments......Page 780 Acute general Rx & chronic Rx......Page 781 Pearls & considerations......Page 782 Acute general Rx......Page 783 Comments......Page 784 Nonpharmacologic therapy......Page 785 Comments......Page 786 Physical findings & clinical presentation......Page 787 Comments......Page 788 Acute general Rx......Page 789 Comments......Page 790 Acute general Rx......Page 791 Disposition......Page 792 Workup......Page 793 Imaging studies......Page 794 Comments......Page 795 Patient & family education......Page 796 Referral......Page 797 Comments......Page 798 Prevention......Page 799 Pearls & considerations......Page 800 Disposition......Page 801 Comments......Page 802 Comments......Page 803 Comments......Page 804 Pearls & considerations......Page 805 Comments......Page 806 Treatment......Page 807 Acromegaly:......Page 808 Chronic Rx......Page 809 Comments......Page 810 Comments......Page 811 Prevention......Page 812 Treatment......Page 813 Referral......Page 814 Acute general Rx......Page 815 Comments......Page 816 Acute general Rx......Page 817 Comments......Page 818 Comments......Page 819 Workup......Page 820 Comments......Page 821 Acute general Rx......Page 822 Comments......Page 823 Patient & family education......Page 824 Comments......Page 825 Referral......Page 826 Differential diagnosis......Page 827 Comments......Page 828 Treatment......Page 829 Disposition......Page 830 Pearls & considerations......Page 832 Prevention......Page 833 Patient/family education......Page 834 Acute general Rx......Page 835 Comments......Page 836 Referral......Page 837 Comments......Page 838 Patient/family education......Page 839 Disposition......Page 840 Pearls & considerations......Page 841 Referral......Page 842 Imaging studies......Page 843 Comments......Page 844 General Rx......Page 845 Chronic Rx......Page 846 Referral......Page 847 Laboratory tests & imaging studies......Page 848 Patient/family education......Page 849 Referral......Page 850 Comments......Page 851 Patient/family education......Page 852 Acute general Rx......Page 853 Pearls & considerations......Page 854 Patient & family education......Page 855 Comments......Page 856 Comments......Page 857 Acute general Rx......Page 858 Disposition......Page 859 Laboratory tests......Page 860 Comments......Page 861 Treatment......Page 862 Referral......Page 863 Referral......Page 864 Imaging studies......Page 865 Comments......Page 866 Comments......Page 867 General Rx......Page 868 Comments......Page 869 Pearls & considerations......Page 870 Patient & family education......Page 871 Acute general Rx......Page 872 Comments......Page 873 Imaging studies......Page 874 Disposition......Page 875 Comments......Page 876 Laboratory tests......Page 877 Disposition......Page 878 Future treatments......Page 879 Pearls & considerations......Page 880 Referral......Page 881 Patient/family education......Page 882 Pearls & considerations......Page 883 Patient/family education......Page 884 Comments......Page 885 Comments......Page 886 Comments......Page 887 Acute radiation syndrome:......Page 888 Treatment......Page 889 Comments......Page 890 Comments......Page 891 Differential diagnosis......Page 892 Pearls & considerations......Page 893 Comments......Page 894 Imaging studies......Page 895 Natural history......Page 896 Treatment......Page 897 Referral......Page 898 Imaging studies......Page 899 Disposition......Page 900 Imaging studies......Page 901 Disposition......Page 902 Comments......Page 903 Prognosis......Page 904 Patient & family education......Page 905 Comments......Page 906 Comments......Page 907 Comments......Page 908 Comments......Page 909 Comments......Page 910 Comments......Page 911 Imaging studies......Page 912 Prevention......Page 913 Treatment......Page 914 Referral......Page 915 Comments......Page 916 Referral......Page 917 Chronic Rx......Page 918 Pearls & considerations......Page 919 Referral......Page 920 Referral......Page 921 Prognosis......Page 922 Comments......Page 923 Comments......Page 924 Comments......Page 925 Treatment......Page 926 Comments......Page 927 Etiology......Page 928 Comments......Page 929 General Rx......Page 930 Comments......Page 931 Comments......Page 932 Comments......Page 933 Comments......Page 934 Chronic Rx......Page 935 Pearls & considerations......Page 936 Comments......Page 937 Treatment......Page 938 Referral......Page 939 Comments......Page 940 Pearls & considerations......Page 941 Pearls & considerations......Page 942 Patient/family education......Page 943 Patient/family education......Page 944 Patient/family education......Page 945 Patient/family education......Page 946 Acute general Rx......Page 947 Comments......Page 948 Acute general Rx......Page 949 Comments......Page 950 Laboratory tests......Page 951 Comments......Page 952 Patient/family education......Page 953 Referral......Page 954 Comments......Page 955 Prognosis......Page 956 Comments......Page 957 Referral......Page 958 Referral......Page 959 Imaging studies......Page 960 Comments......Page 961 Treatment......Page 962 Workup......Page 963 Pearls & considerations......Page 964 Comments......Page 965 Laboratory tests......Page 966 Pearls & considerations......Page 967 Referral......Page 968 Comments......Page 969 Referral......Page 970 Pearls & considerations......Page 971 Referral......Page 972 Pearls & considerations......Page 973 Etiology......Page 974 Patient/family education......Page 975 Referral......Page 976 Pearls & considerations......Page 977 Comments......Page 978 Referral......Page 979 Patient/family education......Page 980 Pearls & considerations......Page 981 Workup......Page 982 Comments......Page 983 Referral......Page 984 Patient/family education......Page 985 Comments......Page 986 Comments......Page 987 Patient/family education......Page 988 Referral......Page 989 Treatment......Page 990 Referral......Page 991 Imaging studies......Page 992 Intravenous thrombolysis:......Page 993 Patient/family education......Page 994 Referral......Page 995 Patient/family education......Page 996 Treatment......Page 997 Patient/family education......Page 998 Seizures:......Page 999 Patient & family education......Page 1000 Acute general Rx......Page 1001 Patient/family education......Page 1002 Treatment......Page 1003 Patient/family education......Page 1004 Acute psychopharmacological interventions......Page 1005 Therapy......Page 1006 Referral......Page 1007 Imaging studies......Page 1008 Comments......Page 1009 Disposition......Page 1010 Comments......Page 1011 Pearls & considerations......Page 1012 Referral......Page 1013 General Rx......Page 1014 Referral......Page 1015 Comments......Page 1016 Laboratory tests......Page 1017 Comments......Page 1018 Comments......Page 1019 Pearls & considerations......Page 1020 Pearls & considerations......Page 1021 Comments......Page 1022 Disposition......Page 1023 Pearls & considerations......Page 1024 Comments......Page 1025 Laboratory tests......Page 1026 Comments......Page 1027 Pearls & considerations......Page 1028 Comments......Page 1029 Imaging studies......Page 1030 Patient/family education......Page 1031 Chronic Rx......Page 1032 Patient/family education......Page 1033 Comments......Page 1034 Comments......Page 1035 Acute general Rx......Page 1036 Comments......Page 1037 Comments......Page 1038 Referral......Page 1039 Comments......Page 1040 Comments......Page 1041 Referral......Page 1043 Disposition......Page 1044 Pearls & considerations......Page 1045 Comments......Page 1046 Patient & family education......Page 1047 Referral......Page 1048 Comments......Page 1049 Imaging studies......Page 1050 Comments......Page 1051 Laboratory tests......Page 1052 Comments......Page 1053 Comments......Page 1054 Comments......Page 1055 Patient/family education......Page 1056 Comments......Page 1057 Imaging studies......Page 1058 Comments......Page 1059 Comments......Page 1060 Acute general Rx......Page 1061 Pearls & considerations......Page 1063 Comments......Page 1064 Comments......Page 1065 Comments......Page 1066 Differential diagnosis......Page 1067 Comments......Page 1068 Etiology......Page 1069 Laboratory tests......Page 1070 Comments......Page 1071 Workup......Page 1072 Prevention......Page 1073 Prevention......Page 1074 Imaging studies......Page 1075 Pearls & considerations......Page 1076 Comments......Page 1077 Comments......Page 1078 Referral......Page 1079 Comments......Page 1080 Comments......Page 1081 Etiology & pathogenesis......Page