Female Infidelity and Paternal Uncertainty : Evolutionary Perspectives on Male Anti-Cuckoldry Tactics

Although commonly believed that males are more promiscuous than females, new research has revealed that female infidelity is a common occurrence throughout the animal kingdom. Female Infidelity and Paternal Uncertainty is the first book to address how males deal with the consequences of female infidelity and the strategies they have evolved to try to avoid the possibility of raising an offspring they unknowingly did not sire. Each chapter deals with a specific evolved strategy developed to aid males in either limiting opportunities for their mate to be unfaithful or to 'correct' the by-products of infidelity should it occur. With sections including mate guarding, intra-vaginal tactics and paternity assessment, this book will appeal to researchers and graduate students in behavioral biology, evolutionary psychology, human sexuality, anthropology, sociology, reproductive health and medicine. Cover......Page 1 Half-title......Page 3 Title......Page 5 Copyright......Page 6 Contents......Page 7 Contributors......Page 9 Acknowledgments......Page 10 Part i Introduction and overview......Page 11 Female infidelity......Page 13 The problem of paternal uncertainty: how males deal with female infidelity......Page 14 References......Page 20 Introduction......Page 24 Evolution......Page 25 Evolutionary history......Page 26 Cuckoldry risks......Page 29 Intersexual conflict......Page 30 Serial monogamy and polyandry......Page 31 Women’s cuckoldry strategies......Page 32 Men’s anti-cuckoldry strategies......Page 33 Mate guarding......Page 34 Paternity cues......Page 35 Sperm competition......Page 37 Conclusion......Page 38 References......Page 39 Part ii Mate guarding......Page 45 Introduction......Page 47 Intrinsic good genes......Page 48 Compatible genes......Page 49 The extra-pair paternity rate in human populations......Page 50 Why the EPP rate may not address questions about female adaptation for extra-pair mating......Page 51 Changes in female preferences across the cycle......Page 53 Changes in female sexual attraction across the cycle......Page 54 Alternative explanations......Page 55 Directions for future research......Page 60 Summary......Page 63 References......Page 64 Introduction......Page 68 Assessing violence in romantic relationships......Page 69 Intersexual negative inducements......Page 70 Public signals of possession......Page 71 General discussion......Page 72 Mate-retention tactics as predictors of relationship violence......Page 74 Mate-retention acts as predictors of relationship violence......Page 75 Participants......Page 77 Procedure......Page 78 Results and discussion: men’s self-reports (study 1)......Page 79 Results and discussion: women’s partner-reports (study 2)......Page 81 Comparing the results for men’s self-reports (study 1) and women’s partner-reports (study 2)......Page 84 Materials......Page 86 Results and discussion......Page 87 Comparing the results of study 3 with the results of studies 1 and 2......Page 89 References......Page 90 Introduction......Page 92 FIPC in non-human animals......Page 93 FIPC in humans......Page 94 FIPC and sexual coercion in intimate relationships......Page 95 Sexual coercion and mate retention......Page 96 Comparisons between men’s self-reports (study 1) and women’s partner-reports (study 2)......Page 97 General discussion......Page 98 Conclusion......Page 99 Materials......Page 100 Results and discussion......Page 101 Materials......Page 104 Results and discussion......Page 105 References......Page 106 Part iii Intravaginal tactics: sperm competition and semen displacement......Page 111 Identifying sperm competition......Page 113 Sperm competition in non-human species......Page 114 Has sperm competition been an important selection pressure for humans?......Page 116 Do women generate sperm competition?......Page 117 Polyandrous sex in women’s fantasies......Page 120 Is there evidence of prudent sperm allocation by men?......Page 121 Psychological mechanisms associated with prudent sperm allocation......Page 123 Men’s reproductive anatomy and copulatory behavior......Page 125 Sperm competition and men’s mate selection......Page 127 Sperm competition and men’s sexual arousal and sexual fantasies......Page 128 Is there evidence of contest competition between men’s ejaculates?......Page 130 Concluding remarks......Page 132 References......Page 133 Introduction......Page 139 Semen hydraulics......Page 140 Postcopulatory behavior......Page 142 Double-mating......Page 143 Adaptations to self-semen displacement......Page 144 The intra-pair copulation (IPC) proclivity model of female infidelity......Page 145 Paternal-assurance tactics......Page 147 References......Page 149 Introduction......Page 151 Semen chemistry: a brief overview......Page 152 Other possible effects of semen......Page 163 Postpartum depression......Page 164 Menstrual cycle fluctuations in mood and premenstrual syndrome......Page 165 Menstrual-cycle regularity......Page 166 Induced menstruation......Page 167 Sperm retention: copulatory and postcopulatory behaviors......Page 168 Working hypothesis 1: concealed ovulation and semen chemistry......Page 169 Working hypothesis 2: forced copulation and semen chemistry......Page 171 Working hypothesis 3: semen chemistry and sexual orientation......Page 173 References......Page 174 Introduction......Page 183 Mate-retention tactics......Page 185 Semen-displacing behaviors......Page 186 Tactic complementarity......Page 187 Materials......Page 188 Results......Page 189 Discussion......Page 192 Limitations and future research directions......Page 196 References......Page 198 Preeclampsia......Page 201 The importance of paternal investment......Page 202 Semen familiarity and paternity......Page 203 Familiar semen as an index of paternal investment......Page 205 Categories of unfamiliar semen......Page 207 Other pregnancy complications......Page 208 References......Page 210 Part iv Assessing paternity: the role of paternal resemblance......Page 215 Paternal resemblance......Page 217 The social mirror......Page 220 The social mirror and parental treatment in college students......Page 223 Extension of paternal resemblance: the impact on siblings......Page 225 Resemblance and social relationships......Page 227 Xenophobia......Page 228 References......Page 232 Introduction......Page 234 Assessing paternal resemblance......Page 236 Neurobiological correlates......Page 239 Activation mapping......Page 240 Findings for sex differences in brain activation to facial resemblance......Page 241 General discussion and conclusions......Page 243 References......Page 247 Index......Page 252 Because paternal certainty is asymmetrical, males have evolved a number of anti-cuckoldry strategies to deal with the possibility of raising an offspring they unknowingly did not sire. Female Infidelity and Paternal Uncertainty: Evolutionary Perspectives on Male Anti-cuckoldry Tactics addresses these perspectives