Fair Shared Cities : The Impact of Gender Planning in Europe

Bringing together a diverse team of leading scholars and professionals, this book offers a variety of insights into ongoing gender mainstreaming policies in Europe with a focus on urban/spatial planning. Gender mainstreaming was first legislated for in the European Union with the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1999 and, although many interesting developments have occurred throughout the decade that followed, there is still much to do in terms of policy, knowledge production, dissemination and education. This work contributes to all three objectives, by advancing the state of knowledge, as well as providing educational and professional tools in the field of gender sensitive planning in Europe. The volume begins by explaining the concept of gender mainstreaming in relation to its origins in the'second wave'of the women's movement and critiques of planning, architecture, transport planning and other built environment disciplines. It then provides a brief history of how gender mainstreaming was incorporated into European law, before focussing on the theoretical issues and questions that surround the concept of gender mainstreaming as they relate to urban space and the planning of cities and regions, including a discussion of the persistence of inequalities between the sexes in their access to urban space and services. In particular, the division between waged and unwaged work and its impact on the social construction of gender and of the physical built environment is considered. The differences between definitions of feminism and their implications for action in planning and design are also explored, paying regard to the tensions between a feminist vision of a transformation of gender relations and the requirements of gender mainstreaming to accommodate the different needs of women and men in their everyday lives in urban space. Throughout the book, key issues recur, such as the importance of time and space in the experience of urbanism, resistances to change on the part of institutions and social structures, and the importance of networks. Education and training also appear as common themes, as do citizen participation and the structures of governance. The chapters are organised into four sections: concepts, structures, empowerment and spatial quality. Contributors demonstrate a variety of approaches to the intersections of gender, women, cities, and planning, dealing with substantive and procedural issues in planning, at both local and regional scales. They stress the links between environmental sustainability and gender-sensitive urban development. The book concludes by putting forward an outlook for future action.

Bringing together a diverse team of leading scholars and professionals, this book offers a variety of insights into ongoing gender mainstreaming policies in Europe with a focus on urban/spatial planning. Gender mainstreaming was first legislated for in the European Union with the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1999 and, although many interesting developments have occurred throughout the decade that followed, there is still much to do in terms of policy, knowledge production, dissemination and education. This work contributes to all three objectives, by advancing the state of knowledge, as well as providing educational and professional tools in the field of gender sensitive planning in Europe.

The volume begins by explaining the concept of gender mainstreaming in relation to its origins in the 'second wave' of the women's movement and critiques of planning, architecture, transport planning and other built environment disciplines. It then provides a brief history of how gender mainstreaming was incorporated into European law, before focussing on the theoretical issues and questions that surround the concept of gender mainstreaming as they relate to urban space and the planning of cities and regions, including a discussion of the persistence of inequalities between the sexes in their access to urban space and services. In particular, the division between waged and unwaged work and its impact on the social construction of gender and of the physical built environment is considered. The differences between definitions of feminism and their implications for action in planning and design are also explored, paying regard to the tensions between a feminist vision of a transformation of gender relations and the requirements of gender mainstreaming to accommodate the different needs of women and men in their everyday lives in urban space. Throughout the book, key issues recur, such as the importance of time and space in the experience of urbanism, resistances to change on the part of institutions and social structures, and the importance of networks. Education and training also appear as common themes, as do citizen participation and the structures of governance.

The chapters are organised into four sections: concepts, structures, empowerment and spatial quality. Contributors demonstrate a variety of approaches to the intersections of gender, women, cities, and planning, dealing with substantive and procedural issues in planning, at both local and regional scales. They stress the links between environmental sustainability and gender-sensitive urban development.

The book concludes by putting forward an outlook for future action.

Bringing together a diverse team of leading scholars and professionals, this book offers a variety of insights into ongoing gender mainstreaming policies in Europe with a focus on urban/spatial planning. Gender mainstreaming was first legislated for in the European Union with the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1999 and, although many interesting developments have occurred throughout the decade that followed, there is still much to do in terms of policy, knowledge production, dissemination and education. This work contributes to all three objectives, by advancing the state of knowledge, as well as providing educational and professional tools in the field of gender sensitive planning in Europe. The volume begins by explaining the concept of gender mainstreaming in relation to its origins in the 'second wave' of the women's movement and critiques of planning, architecture, transport planning and other built environment disciplines. It then provides a brief history of how gender mainstreaming was incorporated into European law, before focussing on the theoretical issues and questions that surround the concept of gender mainstreaming as they relate to urban space and the planning of cities and regions, including a discussion of the persistence of inequalities between the sexes in their access to urban space and services. In particular, the division between waged and unwaged work and its impact on the social construction of gender and of the physical built environment is considered. The differences between definitions of feminism and their implications for action in planning and design are also explored, paying regard to the tensions between a feminist vision of a transformation of gender relations and the requirements of gender mainstreaming to accommodate the different needs of women and men in their everyday lives in urban space. Throughout the book, key issues recur, such as the importance of time and space in the experience of urbanism, resistances to change on the part of institutions and social structures, and the importance of networks. Education and training also appear as common themes, as do citizen participation and the structures of governance. The chapters are organised into four concepts, structures, empowerment and spatial quality. Contributors demonstrate a variety of approaches to the intersections of gender, women, cities, and planning, dealing with substantive and procedural issues in planning, at both local and regional scales. They stress the links between environmental sustainability and gender-sensitive urban development. The book concludes by putting forward an outlook for future action. List of tables and illustrations List of abbreviations Notes on contributors Foreword Introduction : concepts, themesáand issues in a gendered approach to planning / by Marion Roberts Mainstreaming gender-sensitive concepts Gender, sustainability and the urban environment / by Susan Buckingham Mobility of care : introducing new concepts in urban transport / by Inés Sánchez de Madariaga Gender, fear and the night-time city / by Marion Roberts Time policies and city time plans for women's everyday life : the Italian experience / by Teresa Boccia The model of the European city in the light of gender planning and sustainable development / by Barbara Zibell Structural framework for gender-sensitive urban planning Urban governance and gender-aware planning / by Brigitte Wotha Gendered perspectives on spatial planning and housing in the Netherlands / by Lidewij Tummers European regional development programmes for cities and regions : driving forces for gender planning? / by Heidrun Wankiewicz Opening the gates : a case study of decision-making and recognition in architecture / by Inés Sánchez de Madariaga Learning from urban planning experiences Gender mainstreaming as a strategy for sustainable urban planning / by Doris Damyanovic Vienna : in progress towards a fair shared city / by and Elisabeth Irschik and Eva Kail Gendered sensitive e-planning for sustaining everyday life / by Liisa Horelli and Sirku Wallin Women's design service as counter-expertise / by Eeva Berglund with Barbra Wallace A history, concepts and practice of time policy and time planning : the Bergamo case / by Marina Zambianchi and Francesca Gelmini Learning from architectural-design project experiences Planning urban complexity at the scale of everyday life : Móstoles sur, a new quarter in metropolitan Madrid / by Javier Ruizá Choreography of life. two social housing pilot projects in Vienna, / by Franziska Ullmann Looking forward, moving beyond trade-offs / by Inés Sánchez de Madariaga. Cover 1 Contents 6 List of Figures and Tables 8 List of Abbreviations 12 Notes on Contributors 14 Acknowledgements 18 1 Introduction: Concepts, Themes and Issues in a Gendered Approach to Planning 20 I Mainstreaming Gender-Sensitive Concepts 38 2 Gender, Sustainability and the Urban Environment 40 3 Mobility of Care: Introducing New Concepts in Urban Transport 52 4 Gender, Fear and the Night-time City 68 5 Time Policies and City Time Plans for Women’s Everyday Life: The Italian Experience 84 6 The Model of the European City in the Light of Gender Planning and Sustainable Development 94 II Structural Framework for Gender-Sensitive Urban Planning 108 7 Urban Governance and Gender-aware Planning 110 8 Gendered Perspectives on Spatial Planning and Housing in the Netherlands 126 9 European Regional Development Programmes for Cities and Regions 150 10 Opening the Gates: A Case Study of Decision-making and Recognition in Architecture 174 III Learning from Urban Planning Experiences 194 11 Gender Mainstreaming as a Strategy for Sustainable Urban Planning 196 12 Vienna: Progress Towards a Fair Shared City 212 13 Gender-Sensitive E-Planning for Sustaining Everyday Life 250 14 Women’s Design Service as Counter-expertise 268 15 A History, Concepts and Practice of Time Policies and Time Planning: The Bergamo Case 284 IV Learning from Architectural-Design Project Experiences 296 16 Planning Urban Complexity at the Scale of Everyday Life 298 17 Choreography of Life: Two Pilot Projects of Social Housing in Vienna 316 18 Looking Forward, Moving Beyond Trade-offs 344 Index 354 The Impact of Gender Planning in Europe