Facts and Prospects of Gauge Theories : Proceedings of the XVII. Internationale Universitätswochen Für Kernphysik 1978 Der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz at Schladming (Steiermark, Austria), 21st February - 3rd March 1978

Front Matter....Pages N2-vi Opening Address....Pages 1-3 Elementary Introduction to Gauge Theories....Pages 5-46 Effects of Topological Charge in Gauge Theories....Pages 47-153 Topological Methods for Gauge Theories....Pages 155-202 Lattice Gauge Fields....Pages 203-204 Gauge Fields on a Lattice (Selected Topics)....Pages 205-247 Chromodynamic Theory of Hadrons....Pages 249-330 Jets and QCD....Pages 331-397 Supersymmetry and Gauge Theories of Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions....Pages 399-438 Gauge Theories of Gravitation....Pages 439-462 High-Energy Neutrino Experiments....Pages 463-619 Hadron Induced Lepton Production....Pages 621-676 Charm and Heavy Lepton Production by e + −e − Interactions....Pages 677-851 Analysis of T-violation without Assumed CPT....Pages 853-853 A Unified Gauge Theory Without μ-e Universality....Pages 855-855 Classical Limit for Arbitrary Commutation Relations....Pages 857-859 Nonlocal Properties of Fermionic Matter in Strong Gravitational Fields....Pages 861-862 Low-Energy πN- and NN-Scattering in Chiral Dynamics with the Use of Superpropagators....Pages 863-864 Remarks on Vacuum Structure of Yang-Mills Theory....Pages 865-866 Multi-Dimensional Unified Theory....Pages 867-868 Remarks on Symanzik’s Approach to Nonrenormalizable Theories....Pages 869-870 A Quasi-Metric Associated with SU(2) Yang-Mills Fields....Pages 871-874 Observable Consequences of Spontaneously Broken Non-Abelian Symmetries....Pages 875-876 Summary....Pages 877-881 ....Pages 883-889 These lectures concern the properties of topological charge in gauge theories and the physical effects which have been attributed to its existence. No introduction to this subject would be adequate without a discussion of the original work of Belavin, Polyakov, Schwarz, and Tyupkin [1], of the beautiful calculation by 't Hooft [2,3], and of the occurrence of 8-vacua [4-6]. Other important topics include recent progress on solutions of the Yang-Mills equation of motion [7,8], and the problem of parity and time-reversal invariance in strong interactions [9] (axions [10,11], etc.). In a few places, I have strayed from the conventional line and in one important case, disagreed with it. The im portant remark concerns the connection between chirality and topological charge first pointed out by 't Hooft [2]: in the literature, the rule is repeatedly quoted with the wrong sign! If QS is the generator for Abelian chiral transformations of massless quarks with N flavours, the correct form of the rule is ßQs = - 2N {topological charge} (1. 1) where ßQS means the out eigenvalue of QS minus the in eigenvalue. The sign can be checked by consulting the standard WKB calculation [2,3], rotating to Minkowski space, and observing that the sum of right-handed chiralities of operators in a Green's function equals -ßQS. The wrong sign is an automatie consequence of a standard but incorrect derivation in which the axial charge is misidentified