Factory Girls : Women in the Thread Mills of Meiji Japan

Investigating the enormous contribution made by female textile workers to early industrialization in Meiji Japan, Patricia Tsurumi vividly documents not only their hardships but also their triumphs. While their skills and long hours created profits for factory owners that in turn benefited the state, the labor of these women and girls enabled their tenant farming families to continue paying high rents in the countryside. Tsurumi shows that through their experiences as Japan's first modern factory workers, these "factory girls" developed an identity that played a crucial role in the history of the Japanese working class. Much of this story is based on records the factory girls themselves left behind, including their songs. "It is a delight to receive a meticulous and comprehensive volume on the plight of women who pioneered [assembly plant] employment in Asia a century ago...."--L. L. Cornell, The Journal of Asian Studies "Tsurumi writes of these rural women with compassion and treats them as sentient, valuable individuals.... [Many] readers will find these pages informative and thought provoking."--Sally Ann Hastings, Monumenta Niponica Frontmatter List of Tables (page ix) Acknowledgments (page xi) Introduction (page 3) 1. The Background (page 9) 2. Modern Beginnings: Reeling and Spinning (page 25) 3. Silk: Poor but Independent Reelers (page 47) 4. Silk: Tightening the Screws (page 59) 5. Silk: Working for the Nation? (page 92) 6. Cotton: The Reserve Army (page 103) 7. Cotton: Recruiting in the Hinterland (page 121) 8. Cotton: Inside the Hateful Company Gates (page 132) 9. Comparative Perspectives: Factory and Countryside (page 161) 10. Alternatives: The Loom and the Brothel (page 174) Conclusion (page 191) Sources Cited (page 199) Index (page 209)