کاوش در مرزهای قطبی: یک دانشنامه تاریخی [2 جلد]

Covers the entire history of Arctic and Antarctic exploration, from the voyage of Pytheas ca. 325 B.C. to the present, in one convenient, comprehensive reference resource.Exploring Polar Frontiers: A Historical Encyclopedia is the only reference work that provides a comprehensive history of polar exploration from the ancient period through the present day. The author is a noted polar scholar and offers dramatic accounts of all major explorers and their expeditions, together with separate exploration histories for specific islands, regions, and uncharted waters. He presents a wealth of fascinating information under a variety of subject entries including methods of transport, myths, achievements, and record-breaking activities.By approaching polar exploration biographically, geographically, and topically, Mills reveals a number of intriguing connections between the various explorers, their patrons and times, and the process of discovery in all areas of the polar regions. Furthermore, he provides the reader with a clear understanding of the intellectual climate as well as the dominant social, economic, and political forces surrounding each expedition. Readers will learn why the journeys were undertaken, not just where, when, and how. Contents......Page 6 Entries Listed in Chronological Order......Page 12 Entries Listed by Category......Page 20 List of Maps......Page 24 Introduction......Page 46 A......Page 48 B......Page 94 C......Page 170 D......Page 216 E......Page 250 F......Page 268 G......Page 302 H......Page 330 I......Page 364 J......Page 374 K......Page 382 L......Page 416 M......Page 436 N......Page 490 O......Page 530 P......Page 544 Q......Page 586 R......Page 588 S......Page 622 T......Page 698 U......Page 710 V......Page 718 W......Page 728 Z......Page 770 Glossary......Page 772 Polar Timeline: A Chronological Listing of Polar Expeditions by Region......Page 778 Selected Bibliography......Page 788 Index......Page 816 About the Author......Page 844 Presents A Reference To The Efforts Of Humans To Conquer The North And South Poles, With More Than 500 Biographical, Geographical, And Subject Entries; A Chronology Of Expeditions; And Maps, Illustrations, And Photographs.