زیست‌شناسی تکاملی پاتوژن‌های باکتریایی و قارچی

This volume introduces clinical microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, medical professionals, and public health researchers to the importance and influence of evolutionary outcomes. Humans experience countless interactions with the microbial world; our biology is intertwined with the biology of microbes. Understanding this evolutionary reality provides a powerful tool to integrate and synthesize a huge amount of heterogeneous information from a variety of fields studying human biology. The volume's 49 chapters cover the relationship between microbial evolution and human biology from many perspectives. The first section illustrates the evolutionary biology of microbial-human interactions, considering the effect of human-driven changes. The second section analyzes evolutionary genetics involved in microbial variation and adaptation, from microbial genome to mobile elements as plasmids or integrons. The third section deals with evolutionary microbial responses to antibiotics, the major anthropogenic factor altering our interactions with microbes. Finally, the last three sections systematically analyze the evolution of pathogenesis in gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and fungi. These chapters convey the impact of evolution on microbe-human interactions, and how that influences infectious diseases. This information will stimulate an evolutionary orientation in the daily interpretation of facts that are observed in the laboratory and the hospital. Read more... Content: Evolutionary biology of microbial-host interactions -- Evolution of bacterial-host interactions: virulence and the immune overresponse -- Collective traits in pathogenic bacteria -- Epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of pathogens -- Environmental and social influences on infectious diseases -- Human genome diversity: a host genomic perspective of host-pathogen interactions and infectious diseases -- Human interventions on the evolution of host-bacterium interactions -- Effects of immune selection on population structure of bacteria -- Evolution of normal intestinal microbiota and its pathogenic implications -- Evolution of bacterial opportunistic pathogens -- Multilocus models of bacterial population genetics -- Host view of the fungal cell wall -- Evolutionary genetics of microbial pathogens -- Genome architecture and evolution of bacterial pathogens -- Evolution of genomic islands and evolution of pathogenicity -- Evolution of integrons and evolution of antibiotic resistance -- Evolution of plasmids and evolution of virulence and antibiotic-resistance plasmids -- Phage-shaping evolution of bacterial pathogenicity and resistance -- Emergence, spread, and extinction of pathogenic bacterial clones -- Specific chromosome alterations of Candida albicans: mechanisms for adaptation to pathogenicity -- Evolution of a mating system uniquely dependent upon switching and pathogenesis in Candida albicans -- Mechanisms of variation in microbial pathogenesis -- Evolutionary biology of drug resistance -- Modularization and evolvability in antibiotic resistance -- Epidemiology and evolution of beta-lactamases -- Epidemiology and evolution of quinolone resistance -- Evolution of glycopeptide resistance -- Emergence and evolution of antifungal resistance -- Effects of antibiotic resistance on bacterial fitness, virulence, and transmission -- Evolution of antibiotic resistance by hypermutation -- Multiple stages in the evolution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus -- Evolutionary pathogenicity of gram-negative bacteria -- Evolution of Salmonella and Salmonella infections -- Evolution of Vibrio cholerae and cholera epidemics -- Evolution of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus infections -- Evolution of pathogenic Yersinia -- Evolution of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis as deduced from comparative genome analyses -- Genomic view on the evolution of enterohermorrhagic Escherichia coli -- Evolution of Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli -- Evolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenicity: from acute to chronic infections -- Evolution of Helicobacter and Helicobacter infections -- Evolution of Legionella pneumophila Icm/Dot pathogenesis system -- Evolution of Neisseria and Neisseria infections -- Molecular evolution of Chlamydiales -- Evolutionary pathogenicity of gram-positive and related bacteria -- Evolution of Listeria monocytogenes -- Evolutionary biology of pathogenic enterococci -- Evolution of Bacillus anthracis, causative agent of anthrax -- Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence and evolution -- Evolution of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasmal infections -- Pneumococcus: population biology and virulence -- Evolutionary pathogenicity of pathogenic fungi -- Evolution of pathogenic Candida species -- Pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans: an evolutionary perspective -- Aspergillus as a human pathogen: an evolutionary perspective. Abstract: This volume was inspired by the 2004 Fundacion Lilly conference that focused on the series of successive events characterizing the emergence, development, spread, variation, or disappearance of the interactions between microbes and humans resulting in a reduced fitness for the human host. Read more...

This innovative volume introduces clinical microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, medical professionals, and public health researches to the importance and influence of evolutionary outcomes. Written by an international team of distinguished researches and practitioners, the volume's 49 chapters cover the relationship between microbial evolution and human biology from many perspectives.

Doody Review Services

Reviewer:Rebecca T. Horvat, PhD, D(ABMM)(University of Kansas Medical Center)
Description:This unique book starts out with the statement All microbiology is environmental microbiology. It then spells out the science that convincingly shows that pathogenic bacteria have evolved in numerous ways to take advantage of the human environment in order to survive.
Purpose:The editors' purpose is to introduce evolutionary thinking to clinical microbiologists, infectious disease specialists as well as others involved in healthcare. This is an exceptional purpose and the examples are very compelling. The information in this book will certainly lead to further evaluation of the pressures on microorganisms to evolve into pathogens.
Audience:This could be used to teach any type of student entering the fields of medicine and drug discovery. It is written at a level that is easy to follow for those with some background in science. It would be most appropriate for individuals in the fields of microbiology and infectious diseases. It would be of interest in the study of agents that affect humans as well as other animals. The authors are well known in their fields and have contributed valuable insights into the study of microbial pathogen evolution.
Features:The book is divided into six sections that focus on the microbial-host interaction, the microbial genetic of evolution, drug resistance, pathogenicity evolution of gram negative and gram positive bacteria and fungi. The chapters are well researched and organized in a way that leads the reader to the conclusions that natural selection continues to drive the development of new pathogens. Changes in human society lead to new opportunities for microorganisms. This fascinating dance has been occurring at a microscopic level for eons, and the use of modern genetic tools has allowed insight into the long history of microbial evolution. This information will be useful in developing vaccines and drugs to combat agents of disease in humans and animals. A helpful feature is the detailed key word index of evolutionary biology terms at the end of the book.
Assessment:This is the first book I have read that shows so clearly how bacteria evolved into pathogens and then into antibiotic resistant pathogens. I found it interesting and it will likely become a valuable resource.

Covers the relationship between microbial evolution and human biology from many perspectives. Introduces clinical microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, medical professionals, and public health researchers to the importance and influence of evolutionary outcomes. With contributions by internationally recognised experts in their respected fields, this text provides many examples of the impact of evolution on microbes and humans and explores the influence that evolution has on infectious diseases