Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America: Small Mammals, Xenarthrans, and Marine Mammals Volume 2

This is a hands-on guide for graduate students and young researchers wishing to perfect the practical skills needed for a successful research career. By teaching junior scientists to develop effective research habits, the book helps to make the experience of graduate study a more efficient and rewarding one. The authors have taught a graduate course on the topics covered for many years, and provide a sample curriculum for instructors in graduate schools wanting to teach a similar course. Topics covered include: choosing a research topic, department, and advisor; making workplans; the ethics of research; using scientific literature; perfecting oral and written communication; publishing papers; writing proposals; managing time effectively; and planning a scientific career and applying for jobs in research and industry. The wealth of advice is invaluable to students, junior researchers and mentors in all fields of science, engineering, and the humanities. Cover......Page 1 Half-title......Page 3 Title......Page 5 Copyright......Page 6 Contents......Page 7 Contributors......Page 9 THE STANDARDIZED LAYOUT OF EACH CHAPTER......Page 11 THE CREATION OF THE LISTING AND THE USE OF THE APPENDICES......Page 12 CHANGES IN VOLUME 2......Page 13 THE GEOCHRONOLOGICAL TIME SCALE AND NALMA DIVISIONS......Page 14 REFERENCES......Page 15 MULTITUBERCULATA......Page 17 MARSUPIAL/PLACENTAL SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES......Page 18 MARSUPIALS......Page 19 MARSUPIALS......Page 20 EVOLUTIONARY AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS......Page 22 PALEOCENE......Page 23 EOCENE......Page 25 REFERENCES......Page 26 CRANIAL......Page 29 DENTAL......Page 30 SUBORDINAL......Page 32 NEOPLAGIAULACIDAE......Page 33 PTILODONTIDAE SIMPSON, 1928 (INCLUDING CHIROGIDAE COPE, 1887; ECTYPODIDAE SLOAN AND VAN VALEN, 1965; AND ECTYPODONTIDAE SLOAN AND VAN VALEN, 1965)......Page 34 NEOPLAGIAULACIDAE AMEGHINO, 1890......Page 36 EUCOSMODONTIDAE JEPSEN, 1940 (INCLUDING BOFFIDAE HAHN AND HAHN, 1983)......Page 38 MICROCOSMODONTIDAE HOLTZMAN AND WOLBERG, 1977......Page 39 TAENIOLABIDIDAE GRANGER AND SIMPSON, 1929......Page 40 CIMOLODONTA INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 41 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 42 REFERENCES......Page 45 SUPRAFAMILIAL......Page 49 INCLUDED GENERA OF MARSUPIALIA ILLIGER, 1811......Page 50 HERPETOTHERIINAE......Page 51 PERADECTINAE......Page 53 MISCELLANEOUS DIDELPHIDAE......Page 54 REFERENCES......Page 56 FEATURES UNITING INSECTIVOROUS MAMMALS......Page 59 DIET AND CRANIODENTAL SPECIALIZATIONS......Page 60 OTHER ANATOMICAL FEATURES......Page 61 EXTANT FORMS......Page 62 GENERAL TRENDS......Page 63 EARLY TO MIDDLE EOCENE......Page 64 WHITE RIVER CHRONOFAUNA......Page 66 RUNNINGWATER CHRONOFAUNA......Page 68 CLARENDONIAN CHRONOFAUNA......Page 69 REFERENCES......Page 70 DENTAL......Page 73 POSTCRANIAL......Page 75 CIMOLESTIDAE......Page 76 PANTOLESTIDAE......Page 77 PALAEORYCTIDAE WINGE, 1917......Page 78 DIDELPHODONTA MCKENNA, 1975......Page 79 PANTOLESTA MCKENNA, 1975......Page 81 PENTACODONTINAE SIMPSON, 1937b......Page 82 PANTOLESTA INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 83 UNUCHINIINAE VAN VALEN, 1966......Page 84 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 85 REFERENCES......Page 88 POSTCRANIAL......Page 92 Myrmecoboides Gidley, 1915......Page 94 Leptictis Leidy, 1868 (including Ictops; Nanohyus; Isacus; Isacis; Mesodectes; Ictidops)......Page 95 REFERENCES......Page 97 DENTAL......Page 99 INFRAORDINAL......Page 101 INCLUDED GENERA OF LIPOTYPHLA HAECKEL, 1866......Page 102 Ocajila Macdonald, 1963......Page 103 AMPHECHININI GUREEV, 1979......Page 105 ERINACEIDAE INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 106 ERINACEOMORPHA INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 107 SCENOPAGINAE NOVACEK, 1985......Page 108 SESPEDECTINAE NOVACEK, 1985......Page 109 PROSCALOPIDAE K. M. REED, 1961......Page 110 TALPIDAE FISCHER VON WALDHEIM, 1817......Page 111 DESMANINI MIVART, 1871 (NEW RANK)......Page 112 CONDYLURINI TROUESSART, 1879......Page 113 TALPINAE INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 114 GEOLABIDIDAE MCKENNA, 1960A......Page 115 NYCTITHERIIDAE SIMPSON, 1928......Page 116 MICROPTERNODONTIDAE STIRTON AND RENSBERGER, 1964......Page 120 PARAPTERNODONTIDAE ASHER ET AL., 2002......Page 121 SORICIDAE FISCHER VON WALDHEIM, 1817......Page 122 HETEROSORICINAE VIRET AND ZAPFE, 1951......Page 123 SORICINAE FISCHER VON WALDHEIM, 1817......Page 124 NECTOGALINI ANDERSON, 1879......Page 125 LIPOTYPHLA INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 126 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 127 REFERENCES......Page 131 LOCOMOTION AND POSTCRANIAL SPECIALIZATIONS......Page 137 OTHER ANATOMICAL FEATURES......Page 138 FOSSIL RELATIVES......Page 139 EDENTATE POLYPHYLY AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF EDENTATE GROUPS......Page 140 GENERAL TRENDS......Page 141 WHITE RIVER CHRONOFAUNA......Page 142 REFERENCES......Page 143 DENTAL......Page 145 DEFINING FEATURES OF THE ORDER PHOLIDOTA......Page 146 INFRAORDINAL......Page 147 INCLUDED GENERA OF PALAEANODONTA AND PHOLIDOTA......Page 148 METACHEIROMYIDAE WORTMAN, 1903......Page 149 EPOICOTHERIIDAE SIMPSON, 1927......Page 150 ?PALAEANODONTA, INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 152 REFERENCES......Page 154 PILOSA......Page 157 POSTCRANIAL......Page 159 PILOSA......Page 160 GLYPTODONTIDAE GRAY, 1869......Page 161 PAMPATHERIIDAE EDMUND 1987......Page 162 DASYPODIDAE BONAPARTE, 1838......Page 163 MEGATHERIIDAE OWEN, 1843......Page 164 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 165 REFERENCES......Page 168 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 171 LOCOMOTION AND POSTCRANIAL SPECIALIZATIONS......Page 172 OTHER FEATURES......Page 174 ARCHONTAN MONOPHYLY......Page 175 INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF ARCHONTAN ORDERS......Page 176 GENERAL TRENDS......Page 178 REFERENCES......Page 181 DENTAL......Page 184 INFRAORDINAL......Page 186 INCLUDED GENERA OF CHIROPTERA BLUMENBACH, 1779......Page 189 PHYLLOSTOMIDAE GRAY, 1825......Page 190 NATALIDAE GRAY, 1866......Page 191 MOLOSSIDAE GERVAIS, 1856......Page 192 VESPERTILIONIDAE GRAY, 1821......Page 193 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 197 REFERENCES......Page 202 PLAGIOMENIDAE......Page 208 PLAGIOMENIDAE......Page 209 PLAGIOMENIDAE......Page 210 INCLUDED GENERA OF PLAGIOMENIDAE AND MIXODECTIDAE......Page 211 PLAGIOMENIDAE MATTHEW, 1918......Page 212 MIXODECTIDAE COPE 1883a......Page 213 REFERENCES......Page 215 INTRODUCTION......Page 217 SYSTEMATICS......Page 218 PURGATORIIDAE (VAN VALEN AND SLOAN, 1965) (= PURGATORIINAE)......Page 221 NAVAJOVIINAE (SZALAY AND DELSON, 1979)......Page 223 MICROSYOPINAE OSBORN AND WORTMAN, 1892......Page 224 MICROMOMYIDAE SZALAY, 1974......Page 226 PAROMOMYOIDEA (SIMPSON, 1940)......Page 228 PLESIOLESTINAE GUNNELL, 1989......Page 231 PICRODONTIDAE SIMPSON, 1937......Page 232 PLESIADAPOIDEA TROUESSART, 1897......Page 233 CARPOLESTIDAE SIMPSON, 1935b......Page 235 FAMILY OR SUPERFAMILY UNCERTAIN......Page 238 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 239 REFERENCES......Page 242 OMOMYIDAE......Page 249 NOTHARCTIDAE......Page 250 OMOMYIDAE......Page 251 INFRAORDINAL......Page 252 ANAPTOMORPHINAE COPE, 1883......Page 254 OMOMYINAE TROUESSART, 1879......Page 257 NOTHARCTINAE TROUESSART, 1879......Page 262 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 264 REFERENCES......Page 268 BODY SIZE......Page 273 DIET AND CRANIODENTAL SPECIALIZATIONS......Page 274 CRANIAL SPECIALIZATIONS OF RODENTS......Page 275 FOSSIL RELATIVES......Page 277 RODENT MONOPHYLY......Page 278 INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF RODENT FAMILIES......Page 279 GENERAL TRENDS......Page 282 EARLY-MID EOCENE FAUNA......Page 287 WHITE RIVER CHRONOFAUNA......Page 288 RUNNINGWATER CHRONOFAUNA......Page 290 CLARENDONIAN CHRONOFAUNA......Page 292 MIO-PLIOCENE CHRONOFAUNA......Page 295 REFERENCES......Page 299 DEFINING FEATURES OF THE ORDER LAGOMORPHA......Page 303 OCHOTONIDAE......Page 304 LEPORIDAE......Page 305 LEPORIDAE GRAY, 1821......Page 306 “PALAEOLAGINAE” DICE, 1929......Page 308 ARCHAEOLAGINAE DICE, 1929......Page 309 LEPORINAE......Page 311 OCHOTONIDAE THOMAS, 1897......Page 313 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 315 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 316 REFERENCES......Page 318 CRANIAL......Page 321 POSTCRANIAL......Page 322 INFRAFAMILIAL......Page 323 PARAMYINI HAECKEL, 1895......Page 325 PSEUDOPARAMYINI MICHAUX, 1964......Page 327 REITHROPARAMYIN1 WOOD, 1962......Page 328 MICROPARAMYINI WOOD, 1962......Page 329 ISCHYROMYINAE ALSTON, 1876......Page 330 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 331 REFERENCES......Page 334 CRANIAL......Page 336 SUPRAFAMILIAL......Page 337 LINEAGE A: SCIURAVUS SPP.......Page 339 LINEAGE 3: PAUROMYS SPP.......Page 340 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 341 REFERENCES......Page 343 CRANIAL......Page 346 DENTAL......Page 348 POSTCRANIAL......Page 349 INCLUDED GENERA OF CYLINDRODONTIDAE MILLER AND GIDLEY, 1918......Page 350 CHARACTERISTICS......Page 351 COMMENTS......Page 352 CHARACTERISTICS......Page 354 COMMENTS......Page 355 ?CYLINDRODONTIDAE......Page 356 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 358 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 361 REFERENCES......Page 362 DENTAL......Page 365 INFRAFAMILIAL......Page 367 INCLUDED GENERA OF SCIURIDAE GRAY, 1821......Page 369 CEDROMURINAE KORTH AND EMRY, 1991......Page 370 SCIURINI BURMEISTER, 1854......Page 371 BASAL “TERRESTRIAL SQUIRRELS”......Page 372 TAMIINI BLACK, 1963......Page 374 MARMOTINI SIMPSON, 1945......Page 375 PETAURISTINAE SIMPSON, 1945......Page 379 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 380 REFERENCES......Page 383 CRANIAL......Page 387 INFRA-SUPRAFAMILIAL......Page 388 BASAL APLODONTIDS......Page 389 ALLOMYINAE MARSH, 1877......Page 392 MENISCOMYINAE RENSBERGER, 1981......Page 393 PROMYLAGAULINAE RENSBERGER, 1980......Page 394 MYLAGAULINAE COPE, 1881......Page 396 REFERENCES......Page 398 DEFINING FEATURES OF THE SUPERFAMILY CASTOROIDEA......Page 401 POSTCRANIAL......Page 402 EUTYPOMYIDAE MILLER AND GIDLEY, 1918......Page 403 BASAL CASTORIDS......Page 404 PALAEOCASTORINAE MARTIN, 1987......Page 406 CASTORINAE HEMPRICH, 1820......Page 408 CASTOROIDINAE ALLEN, 1877......Page 409 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 411 REFERENCES......Page 413 DENTAL......Page 416 INFRAFAMILIAL......Page 417 GENERA NOT ASSIGNED TO SUBFAMILY......Page 418 SICISTINAE......Page 420 ZAPODINAE......Page 421 REFERENCES......Page 422 POSTCRANIAL......Page 425 INFRAFAMILIAL......Page 426 EOMYIDAE INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 427 NAMATOMYINI KORTH, 1992a......Page 428 EOMYINI WINGE, 1887......Page 429 APEOMYINI FEJFAR, RUMMEL AND TOMIDA, 1998......Page 431 RONQUILLOMYINI (NEW)......Page 432 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 433 REFERENCES......Page 435 SUPRA-INFRAORDINAL......Page 438 SUB-INFRAORDINAL......Page 439 GEOMORPHA INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 441 HELISCOMYIDAE KORTH, WAHLERT, AND EMRY, 1991......Page 442 FLORENTIAMYIDAE WOOD, 1936A......Page 443 GEOMYOIDEA INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 444 BASAL HETEROMYIDS......Page 446 “MIOHETEROMYINAE” KORTH, 1997......Page 448 PEROGNATHINAE COUES, 1875......Page 449 DIPODOMYINAE COUES, 1875......Page 450 ENTOPTYCHINAE MILLER AND GIDLEY, 1918......Page 452 GEOMYINAE BONAPARTE, 1845......Page 454 ECOMORPHOLOGY......Page 456 CONCLUSION......Page 460 REFERENCES......Page 462 CRANIAL......Page 466 POSTCRANIAL......Page 467 SUPRAFAMILIAL......Page 468 INFRAFAMILIAL......Page 469 EUCRICETODONTINI MCKENNA AND BELL, 1997......Page 471 CRICETODONTINAE STEHLIN AND SCHAUB, 1951......Page 474 CRICETODONTINI SIMPSON, 1945......Page 475 GALUSHAMYINI (NEW)......Page 476 DEMOCRICETODONTINI (NEW)......Page 478 MEGACRICETODONTINI MEIN AND FREUDENTHAL, 1971......Page 480 SIGMODONTINI WAGNER, 1843......Page 481 NEOTOMINI MCKENNA AND BELL, 1997......Page 483 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 484 REFERENCES......Page 486 DEFINING FEATURES OF THE FAMILY ARVICOLIDAE......Page 490 INFRAFAMILIAL......Page 492 ARVICOLINI KRETZOI, 1955B......Page 493 PHENACOMYINI (NEW)......Page 494 ONDATRINAE......Page 495 NEBRASKOMYINAE (NEW)......Page 497 PLIOPHENACOMYINAE REPENNING, FEJFAR, AND HEINRICH, 1990 NEW RANK......Page 498 LEMMINAE GRAY, 1825......Page 499 BIOGEOGRAPHY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 500 REFERENCES......Page 504 APPENDIX: CLASSIFICATION OF NORTH AMERICAN North American arvicolid genera of uncertain taxonomic ARVICOLID GENERA affinity......Page 507 INCLUDED GENUS OF ALAGOMYIDAE DASHZEVEG, 1990......Page 508 SYSTEMATICS......Page 509 INCLUDED GENERA OF PROTOPTYCHIDAE SCHLOSSER, 1911......Page 510 DEFINING FEATURES......Page 511 HYDROCHAERIDAE GRAY, 1825......Page 512 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 513 REFERENCES......Page 515 CETACEA......Page 517 DEFINING FEATURES OF NEOCETI......Page 518 DIPHYLY......Page 521 CETACEA......Page 523 SIRENIA......Page 524 CETACEA......Page 526 DESMOSTYLIA......Page 527 CETACEA......Page 528 SUMMARY......Page 529 REFERENCES......Page 530 INTRODUCTION......Page 533 POSTCRANIAL......Page 534 SUPRAFAMILIAL......Page 535 ENALIARCTINAE MITCHELL AND TEDFORD, 1973......Page 536 OTARIINAE GRAY, 1824......Page 538 ALLODESMINAE (KELLOGG, 1931) MITCHELL, 1966......Page 540 ODOBENIDAE ORLOV, 1906......Page 541 IMAGOTARIINAE MITCHELL, 1968......Page 542 DUSIGNATHINAE MITCHELL, 1968......Page 543 ODOBENINAE ALLEN, 1880......Page 544 LOCOMOTION......Page 546 POLYGYNY......Page 547 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 548 REFERENCES......Page 550 INTRODUCTION......Page 552 SUPERFAMILIAL......Page 553 INFRAFAMILIAL......Page 554 PHOCINI CHAPSKII, 1955......Page 555 MONACHINAE INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 559 LOBODONTINI GRAY, 1869......Page 561 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 562 32.4 REFERENCES......Page 564 POSTCRANIAL......Page 567 INFRAORDINAL......Page 568 PROTOCETIDAE STROMER, 1908......Page 569 PROTOCETINAE STROMER, 1908......Page 570 DORUDONTINAE MILLER, 1923......Page 571 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 572 REFERENCES......Page 574 DENTAL......Page 576 INCLUDED GENERA OF ODONTOCETI FLOWER, 1867......Page 577 FAMILY INCERTAE SEDIS, INCLUDING ARCHAIC ODONTOCETES......Page 578 SIMOCETIDAE FORDYCE, 2002......Page 580 EURHINODELPHINIDAE (ABEL, 1901) RICE, 1998......Page 581 KOGIIDAE GILL, 1871......Page 583 PHYSETERIDAE GRAY, 1821......Page 584 ZIPHIIDAE GRAY, 1865......Page 588 PLATANISTIDAE GRAY, 1863......Page 590 SQUALODONTIDAE BRANDT, 1873......Page 593 DELPHINIDA FAMILY INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 594 LIPOTIDAE ZHOU, QIAN, AND LI, 1979......Page 595 INIIDAE GRAY, 1846......Page 596 KENTRIODONTIDAE (SLIJPER, 1936)......Page 597 MONODONTIDAE GRAY, 1821......Page 600 PHOCOENIDAE GRAY, 1825......Page 601 DELPHINIDAE GRAY, 1821......Page 602 ODONTOCETI NOMINA DUBIA......Page 604 REFERENCES......Page 610 CRANIAL......Page 617 POSTCRANIAL......Page 618 GROUPS OF STEM-MYSTICETES......Page 619 AETIOCETIDAE EMLONG, 1966......Page 620 CETOTHERIOPSIDAE BRANDT, 1872 SENSU GEISLER AND SANDERS, 2003......Page 621 CETOTHERIIDAE BRANDT, 1872......Page 622 BALEEN-BEARING MYSTICETI FAMILY INCERTAE SEDIS......Page 623 BALAENIDAE GRAY, 1868......Page 627 BALAENOPTERIDAE GRAY, 1868......Page 629 MYSTICETI NOMINA DUBIA......Page 631 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 632 REFERENCES......Page 635 CRANIAL......Page 639 INFRAFAMILIAL......Page 641 PRORASTOMIDAE COPE, 1889......Page 642 DUGONGIDAE GRAY, 1821......Page 643 HYDRODAMALINAE (PALMER, 1895 [BRANDT, 1833])......Page 644 BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS......Page 645 REFERENCES......Page 647 POSTCRANIAL......Page 649 INCLUDED GENERA OF DESMOSTYLIA REINHART, 1953......Page 651 REFERENCES......Page 654 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 655 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 656 BASAL BOROPHAGINES......Page 657 PHLAOCYONINI (NEW)......Page 659 AELURODONTINA (NEW)......Page 660 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES (SEE APPENDIX I)......Page 661 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 662 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES (SEE APPENDIX I)......Page 663 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES (SEE APPENDIX I)......Page 664 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 665 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 666 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES SEE APPENDIX I)......Page 667 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 668 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 669 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES (SEE APPENDIX I)......Page 670 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 671 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 672 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 673 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 674 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 675 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES (SEE APPENDIX I)......Page 676 REVISIONS BY MATTHEW MIHLBACHLER......Page 678 COMPREHENSIVE LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BRONTOTHERE SPECIES, SYNONYMS AND NOMINA DUBIA......Page 680 CORRECTIONS TO VOLUME 1......Page 682 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 683 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES (SEE ALSO APPENDIX II)......Page 686 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 689 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 690 CORRECTIONS TO VOLUME 1......Page 691 UPDATES FROM PROTHERO, 2005......Page 692 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES (SEE APPENDIX I)......Page 694 SYSTEMATIC REVISIONS, NEW TAXA, AND IMPORTANT NEW LOCALITY OR PALEOBIOLOGICAL INFORMATION......Page 695 ADDITIONS FROM NEW LOCALITIES SEE APPENDIX I)......Page 696 REFERENCES......Page 697 CALIFORNIA......Page 704 BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO......Page 705 TEXAS GULF COAST......Page 706 FLORIDA......Page 707 SOUTHERN EAST COAST......Page 709 CALIFORNIA......Page 711 CALIFORNIA GREAT BASIN......Page 714 NEVADA......Page 715 ARIZONA......Page 717 NEW MEXICO......Page 718 TEXAS BIG BEND AREA......Page 721 NORTHERN AND CENTRAL MEXICO......Page 722 TEXAS/OKLAHOMA PANHANDLE......Page 723 UTAH......Page 724 WYOMING......Page 725 NORTHERN COLORADO......Page 730 SOUTH DAKOTA......Page 732 NEBRASKA......Page 733 KANSAS......Page 737 SASKATCHEWAN......Page 738 MONTANA......Page 739 WASHINGTON......Page 742 OREGON (ALL ON COLUMBIA PLATEAU)......Page 743 CANADIAN HIGH ARCTIC......Page 744 NORTHERN EAST COAST......Page 745 CENTRAL AMERICA......Page 746 Appendix II: References for localities in Appendix I......Page 747 Appendix III: Museum acronyms......Page 769 Index......Page 771 This second volume completes the unique survey of North American Tertiary mammals, and covers all the remaining taxa not contained in Volume 1. It provides a complete listing of mammalian diversity over time and space, and evaluates the effect of biogeography and climatic change on evolutionary patterns and faunal transitions, with the distribution in time and space of each taxon laid out in a standardized format. It contains six summary chapters that integrate systematic and biogeographic information for higher taxa, and provides a detailed account of the patterns of occurrence for different species at hundreds of different fossil localities, with the inclusion of many more localities than were contained in the first volume. With over thirty chapters, each written by leading authorities, and an addendum that updates the occurrence and systematics of all of the groups covered in Volume 1, this will be a valuable reference for paleontologists and zoologists.