Everyone's An Author

Cover 1 Title Page 5 Copyright 6 Preface 9 Highlights 12 What's Online 13 Acknowledgments 14 Introduction: Is Everyone an Author? 31 Contents 19 Part I: The Need for Rhetoric and Writing 39 Chapter One: Thinking Rhetorically 43 First, Listen 46 Hear What Others Are Saying—and Think about Why 46 What Do You Think—and Why? 47 Do Your Homework 48 Give Credit 50 Be Imaginative 51 Put in Your Oar 52 Chapter Two: Rhetorical Situations 56 Think about Your Own Rhetorical Situation 58 Chapter Three: Writing Processes 62 Writing Processes / A Roadmap 63 Approach Your Writing Pragmatically 66 Chapter Four: The Need for Collaboration/ Here Comes Everybody! 67 What Collaboration Means for Authors—and Audiences 68 What Does Collaboration Mean for You as a Student? 70 Collaboration at Work 70 Some Tips for Collaborating Effectively 72 Chapter Five: Writing and Rhetoric as a Field of Study 74 What Will You Learn by Studying Writing and Rhetoric? 75 What Jobs Will Writing and Rhetoric Prepare You For? 77 Chapter Six: Writing and Rhetoric in the Workplace 79 Consider Your Rhetorical Situation 81 Be Professional 82 Job Letters 82 Résumés 87 References 91 Writing Samples 91 Job Interviews 92 Writing on the Job 92 Part II: Genres of Writing 95 Chapter Seven: Arguing a Position / “This Is Where I Stand” 99 Across Academic Fields 100 Across Media 101 Across Cultures and Communities 102 Across Genres 103 Characteristic Features 104 A Roadmap 119 Readings 127 Chapter Eight: Writing a Narrative / “Here’s What Happened” 139 Across Academic Fields 142 Across Media 143 Across Cultures and Communities 144 Across Genres 145 Characteristic Features 146 A Roadmap 160 Readings 166 Chapter Nine: Writing Analytically / "Let's Take a Closer Look" 175 Across Academic Fields 176 Across Media 177 Across Cultures and Communities 178 Across Genres 179 Characteristic Features 179 A Roadmap 198 Readings 208 Chapter Ten: Reporting Information / "Just the Facts, Ma'am" 220 Across Academic Fields 222 Across Media 223 Across Cultures and Communities 225 Across Genres 225 Characteristic Features 226 Profiles 238 A Roadmap 243 Readings 251 Chapter Eleven: Writing a Review / "Two Thumbs Up" 267 Across Academic Fields 269 Across Media 270 Across Cultures and Communities 271 Across Genres 272 Characteristic Features 272 A Roadmap 288 Readings 294 Chapter Twelve: Choosing Genres 301 What You Need to Know about Genres of Writing 302 Deciding Which Genres to Use 304 Part III: The Role of Argument 307 Chapter Thirteen: Analyzing Arguments / Those You Read, and Those You Write 313 Who's Arguing—And Where Are They Coming From? 315 What's At Stake? 317 What's The Claim? 319 Emotional, Ethical, and Logical Appeals 322 What About Other Perspectives? 335 What About Organization? 339 What About Style? 341 Chapter Fourteen: Strategies for Arguing / Comparisons, Examples, Humor, and More 343 Analogy 343 Classification 345 Comparison/Contrast 346 Definition 349 Description 351 Example 353 Humor 355 Narration 357 Problems/Solutions 359 Reiteration 360 Part IV: Research 363 Chapter Fifteen: Starting Your Research / Joining the Conversation 367 Find a Topic That Fascinates You 368 Analyze Your Rhetorical Situation 369 Narrow Your Topic 370 Do Some Background Research 371 Articulate a Question Your Research Will Answer 372 Plot Out a Working Thesis 373 Establish a Schedule 373 Chapter Sixteen: Finding Sources, Considering Research Methods 375 Considering What Kinds of Sources You’ll Need 375 Using Keywords and Advanced Search Functions 378 Searching on the Internet 382 Searching in the Library 385 Conducting Field Research 392 Chapter Seventeen: Keeping Track / Managing Information Overload 400 Keep Track of Your Sources 400 Take Notes 402 Maintain a Working Bibliography 403 Chapter Eighteen: Evaluating Sources 405 Is the Source Worth Your Attention? 407 Reading Sources with a Critical Eye 407 Chapter Nineteen: Writing a Project Proposal 410 Characteristic Features 410 Chapter Twenty: Annotating a Bibliography 415 Characteristic Features 415 Chapter Twenty-One: Synthesizing Ideas / Moving from What Your Sources Say to What You Say 419 Synthesizing the Ideas in Your Sources 420 Moving from What Your Sources Say to What You Say 421 Entering the Conversation You’ve Been Researching 423 Chapter Twenty-Two: Quoting, Paraphrasing, Summarizing 426 Deciding Whether to Quote, Paraphrase, or Summarize 427 Quoting 428 Paraphrasing 432 Summarizing 434 Incorporating Source Material 434 Incorporating Visual and Audio Sources 437 Chapter Twenty-Three: Giving Credit, Avoiding Plagiarism 439 Knowing What You Must Acknowledge 440 Fair Use and the Internet 441 Avoiding Plagiarism 442 Documenting Sources 444 Chapter Twenty-Four: MLA Style 445 A Directory to MLA Style 445 In-Text Documentation 448 Notes 454 List of Works Cited 454 Formatting A Research Essay 481 Sample Research Essay 483 Chapter Twenty-Five: APA Style 501 A Directory to APA Style 501 In-Text Documentation 504 Notes 508 Reference List 509 Formatting A Research Essay 528 Sample Research Essay 530 Part V: Style 549 Chapter Twenty-Six: What’s Your Style? 553 Appropriateness and Correctness 554 Level of Formality 557 Stance 558 Thinking about Your Own Style 561 Chapter Twenty-Seven: Tweets to Reports / Moving from Social Media to Academic Writing 564 Representing Yourself in Your Writing 566 Connecting to Audiences 567 Providing Context 568 Organizing What You Write 569 Using Images 570 Sharing Information 571 Citing Sources 572 Establishing an Appropriate Tone 574 Chapter Twenty-Eight: Meeting the Demands of Academic Writing / "It's Like Learning a New Language" 576 So Just What Is Academic Writing? 577 Joining U.S. Academic Conversations 577 Characteristic Features 581 What Else Do You Need to Learn about Academic Writing? 588 Chapter Twenty-Nine: How to Write Good Sentences 589 Four Common Sentence Patterns 590 Ways of Emphasizing The Main Idea in a Sentence 596 Opening Sentences 599 Closing Sentences 602 Varying Your Sentences 604 Chapter Thirty: Designing What You Write 608 Thinking Rhetorically About Design 609 Choosing Fonts 610 Using Color 612 Using Visuals 614 Putting It All Together 622 Chapter Thirty-One: Checking for Common Mistakes 629 Articles 630 Commas 632 Comma Splices, Fused Sentences 642 Prepositions 644 Pronouns 646 Sentence Fragments 654 Shifts 658 Subject-Verb Agreement 662 Verbs 670 Authors’ Resources 681 Chapter Thirty-Two: Assembling a Portfolio 683 What to Include in a Writing Portfolio 684 Collecting Your Work 685 Reflecting on Your Writing 685 A Sample Portfolio Statement 687 Organizing a Portfolio 689 Chapter Thirty-Three: Taking Advantage of the Writing Center 691 What Writing Centers Offer 691 Preparing for a Tutoring Session 693 What If English Is Not Your Primary Language? 693 Visiting an Online Writing Center 694 Making the Most of a Tutoring Session 695 What about Becoming a Writing Tutor? 696 Chapter Thirty-Four: Joining a Writing Group 697 Finding a Writing Group 698 Starting a Writing Group 698 Making a Writing Group Successful 699 Learning How to Critique 701 Chapter Thirty-Five: Publishing Your Work 702 Credits 717 Author/Title Index 723 Glossary/Index 731 About the Authors 764 About the Alphabet 766 MLA Documentation Directory 768 An inspiring new rhetoric that takes some of the best ideas animating the field of composition and makes them teachable. Everyones an Author focuses on writing as it really is todaywith words, images, and sounds, in print and onlineand encourages students to see the connections between their everyday writing and academic writing. It covers the genres college students need to learn to writeand teaches them to do so across media. It bridges the gap between Facebook and academic writing, showing how the strategies students use instinctively in social media can inform their academic writing. And it provides a strong rhetorical framework that guides students in the decisions they need to make as authors today.