European Yearbook of International Economic Law (EYIEL), Vol. 3 (2012)

The third volume of the European Yearbook of International Economic law focuses on two major topics of current academic and political interest. Firstly, it adresses the 10th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO and its implications; secondly, it deals with different legal aspects of global energy markets. What Can Trade Regulation Contribute Towards Ameliorating The Ghg Emissions And Reducing Their Concentrations In The Atmosphere? This Collection Of Essays Analyses Options For Climate-change Mitigation Through The Lens Of The Trade Lawyer. By Examining International Law, And In Particular The Relevant Wto Agreements, The Authors Address The Areas Of Potential Conflict Between International Trade Law And International Law On Climate Mitigation And, Where Possible, Suggest Ways To Strengthen Mutual Supportiveness Between The Two Regimes. They Do So Taking Into Account The Drivers Of Human-induced Climate Change In Energy Markets And Of Consumption. Pt. 1. Climate Change Mitigation : Scientific, Political And International And Trade Law Perspectives -- Earth In The Greenhouse: A Challenge For The Twenty-first Century / Thomas Stocker -- A Survey Of Kyoto Tools For Greenhouse Gas Reductions: Speculations On Post-kyoto Scenarios / José Romero And Karine Stegwart -- International Environmental Law And The Evolving Concept Of 'common Concern Of Mankind' / Thomas Cottier And Sofya Matteotti-berkutova -- Domestic And International Strategies To Address Climate Change: An Overview Of The Wto Legal Issues / Robert Howse And Antonia L. Eliason -- Pt. 2. Climate Change Mitigation And Trade In Goods -- How To Think About Ppms (and Climate Change) / Donald H. Regan -- Tilting At Conventional Wto Wisdom / Daniel C. Crosby -- Private Climate Change Standards And Labelling Schemes Under The Wto Agreement On Technical Barriers / Arthur E. Appleton -- Pt. 3. Trade In Renewable Energy Sources -- Incentive Schemes To Promote Renewables And The Wto Law Of Subsidies / Sadeq Z. Bigdeli -- The Wto And Climate Change 'incentives' / Gary N. Horlick -- Certifying Biofuels: Benefits For The Environment, Development And Trade? / Simonetta Zarrilli And Jennifer Burnett -- Pt. 4. Climate Change Mitigation And Trade In Services -- Gats, Financial Services And Trade In Renewable Energy Certificates (recs) -- Just Another Market-based Solution To Cope With The Tragedy Of The Commons? / Panagiotis Delimatsis And Despina Mavromati -- Assessment Of Gats' Impact On Climate Change Mitigation / Olga Nartova -- Gats' Commitments On Environmental Services: 'hover Through The Fog And Filthy Air?' / Rudolf Adlung -- Pt. 5. Climate Change And Technology Transfer, Investment And Government Procurement: Legal Issues -- International Transfer Of Technologies: Recent Developments In The Climate Change Context / Felix Bloch -- Trims And The Clean Development Mechanism -- Potential Conflicts / Stefan Rechsteiner, Christa Pfister And Fabian Martens -- Balancing Investors' Interests And Global Policy Objectives In A Carbon Constrained World: The Interface Of International Economic Law With The Clean Development Mechanism / Jacob D. Werksman -- Procurement Policies, Kyoto Compliance And The Wto Agreement On Government Procurement: The Case Of The Eu Green Electricity Procurement And The Ppms Debate / Garba I. Malumfashi -- Procurement And The World Trade Organization: Purchase Power Or Pester Power? / Geert Van Calster -- Pt. 6. Institutional Challenges And The Way Forward -- Institutional Challenges To Enhance Policy Co-ordination: How Wto Rules Could Be Utilised To Meet Climate Objectives? / Mireille Cossy And Gabrielle Marceau -- Environmental Goods And Services: The Environmental Area Initiative Approach And Climate Change / Thomas Cottier And Donah Baracol-pinhão. Edited By Thomas Cottier, Olga Nartova And Sadeq Z. Bigdeli. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Front Matter....Pages i-xviii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 China–EU Trade Relations: A View from Brussels....Pages 3-30 Trade Disputes Between China and the United States: Growing Pains so Far, Worse Ahead?....Pages 31-88 China’s Evolving Role in WTO Dispute Settlement: Acceptance, Consolidation and Activation....Pages 89-123 China’s WTO Accession Revisited: Achievements and Challenges in Chinese Intellectual Property Law Reform....Pages 125-158 The Regulation of Trade-Distorting Restrictions in Foreign Investment Law....Pages 159-187 Adored and Despised in Equal Measure: An Assessment of the EU’s Principle of Market Economy Treatment in Anti-Dumping Investigations Against China....Pages 189-239 A New Landscape in the WTO: Economic Integration Among China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau....Pages 241-270 Global Energy Markets: Challenges and Opportunities – Energy Vision for 2050....Pages 271-279 Energy Trade and WTO Rules: Reflexions on Sovereignty over Natural Resources, Export Restrictions and Freedom of Transit....Pages 281-306 The Energy Charter and the International Energy Governance....Pages 307-342 The Impact of International Investment Agreements on Energy Regulation....Pages 343-369 Regulating Energy Supranationally: EU Energy Policy....Pages 371-404 The Energy Community of South East Europe....Pages 405-441 Front Matter....Pages 443-443 The European Union and Regional Trade Agreements....Pages 445-455 International Economic Law in North America: Recent Developments in Dispute Resolution Under Regional Economic Agreements....Pages 457-484 The Rule of Law and the Implementation of an Economic Acquis Communautaire in Sub Saharan Africa: Legal Challenges for the East African Community....Pages 485-546 Front Matter....Pages 547-547 The Doha Development Agenda at a Crossroads: What Are the Remaining Obstacles to the Conclusion of the Round – Part III?....Pages 549-575 WTO Dispute Settlement: Current Cases....Pages 577-612 The World Customs Organization and its Role in the System of World Trade: An Overview....Pages 613-633 Recent Reforms of the Finances of the International Monetary Fund: An Overview....Pages 635-666 Front Matter....Pages 547-547 The Role of the Emerging Countries in the G20: Agenda-Setter, Veto Player or Spectator?....Pages 667-681 Addressing Global Policy Challenges: The G20 Way in 2010 and Beyond....Pages 683-696 Front Matter....Pages 697-697 Thomas Cottier, Olga Nartova and Sadeq Z. Bigdeli (eds.), International Trade Regulation and the Mitigation of Climate Change Cambridge University Press, 2009 ISBN 978-0-521-76619-7....Pages 699-707 Santiago Montt, State Liability in Investment Treaty Arbitration. Global Constitutional and Administrative Law in the BIT Generation Hart Publishing, 2009 ISBN 978-1-84113-856-5....Pages 709-712 Thomas Gerassimos Riedel, Rechtsbeziehungen zwischen dem Internationalen Währungsfonds und der Welthandelsorganisation Nomos, 2008 ISBN 978-3-8329-3703-4....Pages 713-715 Jan-Frederik Belling, Die Jurisdiktion rationae materiae der ICSID-Schiedsgerichte. Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Investitionsbegriffes des Weltbankübereinkommens vom 18.03.1965 Duncker & Humblot, 2008 ISBN 978-3-428-12443-5....Pages 717-718 Today there are more than 2,500 bilateral investment treaties (BITs) around the world. Most of these investment protection treaties offer foreign investors a direct cause of action to claim damages against host-states before international arbitral tribunals. This procedure, together with the requirement of compensation in indirect expropriations and the fair and equitable treatment standard, have transformed the way we think about state liability in international law. We live in the BIT generation, a world where BITs define the scope and conditions according to which states are economically accountable for the consequences of regulatory change and administrative action. Investment arbitration in the BIT generation carries new functions which pose unprecedented normative challenges, such as the arbitral bodies established to resolve investor/state disputes defining the relationship between property rights and the public interest. They also review state action for arbitrariness, and define the proper tests under which that review should proceed. State Liability in Investment Treaty Arbitration is an interdisciplinary work, aimed at academics and practitioners, which focuses on five key dimensions of BIT arbitration. First, it analyses the past practice of state responsibility for injuries to aliens, placing the BIT generation in historical perspective. Second, it develops a descriptive law-and-economics model that explains the proliferation of BITs, and why they are all worded so similarly. Third, it addresses the legitimacy deficits of this new form of dispute settlement, weighing its potential advantages and democratic shortfalls. Fourth, it gives a comparative overview of the universal tension between property rights and the public interest, and the problems and challenges associated with liability grounded in illegal and arbitrary state action. Finally, it presents a detailed legal study of the current state of BIT jurisprudence regarding indirect expropriations and the fair and equitable treatment clause.This title is included in Bloomsbury Professional's International Arbitration online service. "Today there are more than 2,500 bilateral investment treaties (BITs) around the world. Most of these investment protection treaties offer foreign investors a direct cause of action to claim damages against host-states before international arbitral tribunals. This procedure, together with the requirement of compensation in indirect expropriations and the fair and equitable treatment standard, have transformed the way we think about state liability in international law. We live in the BIT generation, a world where BITs define the scope and conditions according to which states are economically accountable for the consequences of regulatory change and administrative action. Investment arbitration in the BIT generation carries new functions which pose unprecedented normative challenges, such as the arbitral bodies established to resolve investor/state disputes defining the relationship between property rights and the public interest. They also review state action for arbitrariness, and define the proper tests under which that review should proceed. State Liability in Investment Treaty Arbitration is an interdisciplinary work, aimed at academics and practitioners, which focuses on five key dimensions of BIT arbitration. First, it analyses the past practice of state responsibility for injuries to aliens, placing the BIT generation in historical perspective. Second, it develops a descriptive law-and-economics model that explains the proliferation of BITs, and why they are all worded so similarly. Third, it addresses the legitimacy deficits of this new form of dispute settlement, weighing its potential advantages and democratic shortfalls. Fourth, it gives a comparative overview of the universal tension between property rights and the public interest, and the problems and challenges associated with liability grounded in illegal and arbitrary state action. Finally, it presents a detailed legal study of the current state of BIT jurisprudence regarding indirect expropriations and the fair and equitable treatment clause."--Bloomsbury Publishing. "Today there are more than 2,500 bilateral investment treaties (BITs) around the world. Most of these investment protection treaties offer foreign investors a direct cause of action to claim damages against host-states before international arbitral tribunals. This procedure, together with the requirement of compensation in indirect expropriations and the fair and equitable treatment standard, have transformed the way we think about state liability in international law." "We live in the BIT generation, a world where BITs define the scope and conditions according to which states are economically accountable for the consequences of regulatory change and administrative action. Investment arbitration in the BIT generation carries new functions which pose unprecedented normative challenges, such as the arbitral bodies established to resolve investor/state disputes defining the relationship between property rights and the public interest. They also review state action for arbitrariness, and define the proper tests under which that review should proceed." "State Liability in Investment Treaty Arbitration is an interdisciplinary work, aimed at academics and practitioners, which focuses on five key dimensions of BIT arbitration. First, it analyses the past practice of state responsibility for injuries to aliens, placing the BIT generation in historical perspective. Second, it develops a descriptive law-and-economics model that explains the proliferation of BITs, and why they are all worded so similarly. Third, it addresses the legitimacy deficits of this new form of dispute settlement, weighing its potential advantages and democratic shortfalls. Fourth, it gives a comparative overview of the universal tension between property rights and the public interest, and the problems and challenges associated with liability grounded in illegal and arbitrary state action. Finally, it presents a detailed legal study of the current state of BIT jurisprudence regarding indirect expropriations and the fair and equitable treatment clause."--Jacket Der IWF und die WTO sind internationale Organisationen im Völkerrecht. Im Rahmen der Rechtsordnungen beider Organisationen gibt es im Bereich des Handels und der Subventionen häufig Spannungen und Normenkollisionen, da die Regelwerke von IWF und WTO nicht hinreichend genug abgestimmt sind. Aus diesem Grund kommt es zu organisationsüberschneidenden Streitverfahren im Rechtssystem der WTO. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass eine stärkere Kooperation und Koordination zwischen IWF und WTO dabei hilft, diese Streitverfahren zu vermeiden. Nach einem Rechtsvergleich beider Organisationen untersucht das Werk die gegenseitigen Rechtsbeziehungen, begrenzt auf die Bereiche des Handels und der Subventionen. Es wird dargelegt, dass in Finanzkrisen viele Mitgliedstaaten zahlungspolitische Ziele mit Hilfe von Handelsmaßnahmen verfolgen, die Bestandteile von IWF-Programmen sind und deren rechtliche Zulässigkeit in der WTO umstritten ist. Streitverfahren innerhalb der WTO, auf die das Werk Bezug nimmt, sind daher vorprogrammiert. Der Autor bietet Lösungen zur Behebung dieser Probleme an und leistet einen Beitrag für die zukünftige Entwicklung der Internationalen Finanz- und Wirtschaftsarchitektur Main description: Der Autor befasst sich mit einer zentralen verfahrensrechtlichen Fragestellung der ICSID-Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit: der Frage nach dem Investitionsbegriff. Obwohl der Investitionsbegriff eine zentrale Jurisdiktionsvoraussetzung für die Nutzung des ICSID darstellt, ist der Begriff im WBÜ offen gelassen worden. Einhergehend mit dem markanten Anstieg transnationaler Investitionstätigkeit sind die Fallzahlen des ICSID signifikant angestiegen. Zunehmend sehen sich die Gaststaaten der Investitionen Schiedsklagen von Investoren ausgesetzt, denen keine ausdrückliche Einigung der Parteien auf das ICSID zugrunde liegt. Bei der Beurteilung des in der Folge erhobenen Einwands der fehlenden sachlichen Zuständigkeit spielt die Frage nach der subjektiven Bestimmbarkeit oder der objektiven Bestimmtheit des Investitionsbegriffs eine zentrale Rolle. Jan-Frederik Belling begründet seine einschränkende Auslegung des Investitionsbegriffs anhand der Entstehungsgeschichte des WBÜ und erstmals eingehend anhand ausgewerteter Schiedssprüche The Latin American Position On State Responsibility, Looking Into The Past For Lessons On The Future -- The Bit Generation's Emergence As A Collective Action Problem. Prisoner's Dilemma Or Network Effects? -- Trading Off Sovereignty For Credibility : Questions Of Legitimacy In The Bit Generation -- Property Rights V The Public Interests : A Comparative Approach To A Global Puzzle -- Investments, Indirect Expropriations And The Regulatory State -- Controlling Arbitrariness Through The Fair And Equitable Standard -- Conclusions : Future Of The Bit Generation : For A Global Legal Order Committed To The Rule Of Law And Human Welfare. Santiago Montt. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [375]-403) And Index. Drawing on the expertise of leading voices, this book takes stock of key challenges in addressing climate change mitigation, serving as a reference tool for understanding the interface between international trade and climate and shedding light on key issues including global commons, border tax adjustment, subsidies and biofuels. This third volume of the ""European Yearbook of International Economic law"" focuses on two major topics of current academic and political interest. Firstly, it addresses the 10th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO and its implications; secondly, it deals with different legal aspects of global energy markets Annotation This text brings together articles on a variety of subjects such as exchange rate manipulation, financial market supervision over international investment law, the relationship between climate change and international economic law and many others