European Conquest and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: The Moral Backwardness of International Society (Cambridge Studies in International Relations, Series Number 92)

Paul Keal examines the historical role of international law and political theory in justifying the dispossession of indigenous peoples as part of the expansion of international society. He argues that, paradoxically, law and political theory can now underpin the recovery of indigenous rights. At the heart of contemporary struggles is the core right of self-determination, and Keal argues for recognition of indigenous peoples as 'peoples' with the right of self-determination in constitutional and international law, and for adoption of the Draft Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples by the General Assembly. He asks whether the theory of international society can accommodate indigenous peoples and considers the political arrangements needed for states to satisfy indigenous claims. The book also questions the moral legitimacy of international society and examines notions of collective guilt and responsibility. Cover 1 Half-title 3 Series-title 5 Title 7 Copyright 8 Contents 9 Acknowledgements 10 Introduction 13 Defining indigenous peoples 18 Colonial settlement 20 Historical continuity 21 The search for self-determination 23 Self-identification 24 Scope of the examples 28 The layout of the book 32 1 Bringing ‘peoples’ into international society 36 International society and its expansion 37 Building international society 49 Conquest 49 Imperialism 50 Empire 53 Colonialism and colonisation 55 Internal colonialism 57 The culture of colonialism 59 The language of international law 62 ‘Peoples’ and international society 65 2 Wild ‘men’ and other tales 68 Conceptualising non-European others 69 Todorov: the failure to know others 69 Pagden: incommensurablity 73 McGrane: changing constructions of the ‘other’ 76 Political language: classifying others 79 Wild men, barbarians and savages 79 Stages of development: noble and ignoble savages 86 The state of nature and natural rights 88 3 Dispossession and the purposes of international law 96 International law and the rights of non-European peoples 99 Writers who recognised sovereignty in non-European peoples 100 Writers who recognised ‘limited or conditional sovereignty’ in non-European peoples 109 Writers who denied sovereign rights to non-Europeans 114 The eclipse of natural law 119 4 Recovering rights: land, self-determination and sovereignty 125 The United Nations human rights regime 126 Land and culture 134 Self-determination 138 Issues to be resolved 148 Human rights and indigenous rights 148 Peoples and populations 153 The contemporary scope of self-determination 154 A conflict between self-determination and sovereignty? 156 Some indigenous perspectives 159 5 The political and moral legacy of conquest 168 The ethics of constructing others 169 Collective responsibility and historic injustices 173 The moral legitimacy of states and international society 184 6 Dealing with difference 197 International society and world order 200 Omissions of classical theory 202 The problem of cross-cultural understanding 204 Political community and difference 212 Multiculturalism within the state 212 Multinational states 214 The universal community of mankind 217 Undoing the Westphalian state 223 Conclusion 229 Appendix: Draft United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 236 Part I 238 Article 1 238 Article 2 238 Article 3 238 Article 4 238 Article 5 238 Part II 239 Article 6 239 Article 7 239 Article 8 239 Article 9 239 Article 10 239 Article 11 240 Part III 240 Article 12 240 Article 13 240 Article 14 241 Part IV 241 Article 15 241 Article 16 241 Article 17 242 Article 18 242 Part V 242 Article 19 242 Article 20 242 Article 21 242 Article 22 242 Article 23 243 Article 24 243 Part VI 243 Article 25 243 Article 26 243 Article 27 244 Article 28 244 Article 29 244 Article 30 244 Part VII 245 Article 31 245 Article 32 245 Article 33 245 Article 34 245 Article 35 245 Article 36 246 Part VIII 246 Article 37 246 Article 38 246 Article 39 246 Article 40 247 Article 41 247 Part IX 247 Article 42 247 Article 43 247 Article 44 247 Article 45 247 Select bibliography 248 Index 263 Cover......Page 1 Half-title......Page 3 Series-title......Page 5 Title......Page 7 Copyright......Page 8 Contents......Page 9 Acknowledgements......Page 10 Introduction......Page 13 Defining indigenous peoples......Page 18 Colonial settlement......Page 20 Historical continuity......Page 21 The search for self-determination......Page 23 Self-identification......Page 24 Scope of the examples......Page 28 The layout of the book......Page 32 1 Bringing ‘peoples’ into international society......Page 36 International society and its expansion......Page 37 Conquest......Page 49 Imperialism......Page 50 Empire......Page 53 Colonialism and colonisation......Page 55 Internal colonialism......Page 57 The culture of colonialism......Page 59 The language of international law......Page 62 ‘Peoples’ and international society......Page 65 2 Wild ‘men’ and other tales......Page 68 Todorov: the failure to know others......Page 69 Pagden: incommensurablity......Page 73 McGrane: changing constructions of the ‘other’......Page 76 Wild men, barbarians and savages......Page 79 Stages of development: noble and ignoble savages......Page 86 The state of nature and natural rights......Page 88 3 Dispossession and the purposes of international law......Page 96 International law and the rights of non-European peoples......Page 99 Writers who recognised sovereignty in non-European peoples......Page 100 Writers who recognised ‘limited or conditional sovereignty’ in non-European peoples......Page 109 Writers who denied sovereign rights to non-Europeans......Page 114 The eclipse of natural law......Page 119 4 Recovering rights: land, self-determination and sovereignty......Page 125 The United Nations human rights regime......Page 126 Land and culture......Page 134 Self-determination......Page 138 Human rights and indigenous rights......Page 148 Peoples and populations......Page 153 The contemporary scope of self-determination......Page 154 A conflict between self-determination and sovereignty?......Page 156 Some indigenous perspectives......Page 159 5 The political and moral legacy of conquest......Page 168 The ethics of constructing others......Page 169 Collective responsibility and historic injustices......Page 173 The moral legitimacy of states and international society......Page 184 6 Dealing with difference......Page 197 International society and world order......Page 200 Omissions of classical theory......Page 202 The problem of cross-cultural understanding......Page 204 Multiculturalism within the state......Page 212 Multinational states......Page 214 The universal community of mankind......Page 217 Undoing the Westphalian state......Page 223 Conclusion......Page 229 Appendix: Draft United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples......Page 236 Article 5......Page 238 Article 10......Page 239 Article 13......Page 240 Article 16......Page 241 Article 22......Page 242 Article 26......Page 243 Article 30......Page 244 Article 35......Page 245 Article 39......Page 246 Article 45......Page 247 Select bibliography......Page 248 Index......Page 263 Paul Keal examines the historical role of international law and political theory in justifying the dispossession of indigenous peoples as part of the expansion of international society. Paradoxically, he argues, law and political theory can now form the basis of the recovery of indigenous rights. Arguing for the recognition of indigenous peoples as "peoples" with the right of self-determination in constitutional and international law, Keal questions the moral legitimacy of international society and examines concepts of collective guilt and responsibility. Paul Keal argues for the recognition of indigenous peoples as 'peoples' with the right of self-determination in constitutional and international law. Questioning the moral legitimacy of international society, and examining notions of collective guilt and responsibility, Keal's accessible study provides an important insight into contemporary international society Bringing 'peoples' Into International Society -- Wild 'men' And Other Tales -- Dispossession And The Purposes Of International Law -- Recovering Rights : Land, Self-determination, And Sovereignty -- The Political And Moral Legacy Of Conquest -- Dealing With Difference. Paul Keal. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 236-250) And Index.