Eurafrican Migration : Legal, Economic and Social Responses to Irregular Migration

"Informed by witness testimonies, Eurafrican Migration details how the perilous journeys undertaken by irregular migrants are enabled by complex networks of guides during the Sahara phase, and explores the relationship between migrants and the criminal groups who arrange for them to be transported across the sea to southern Europe. This book documents the realities of life for migrants on arrival, questioning the authenticity of the supposed 'consent' given by Nigerian women working as prostitutes, investigating the exploitation of migrants by local companies and individuals in various economic sectors in Italy, and exploring the marginal position of migrants in an economically devastated Greece. Finally, in the context of the spike in seaborne migration and fatal capsizes in early 2015, the response of the EU and individual member states is evaluated, notably the record of the policies of deterrence and securitisation (often described as Fortress Europe) adopted by Malta, France, Greece and Italy." ... Back cover Front Matter....Pages i-x Introduction....Pages 1-11 At the Edge of Europe: The Phenomenon of Irregular Migration from Libya to Italy....Pages 12-37 The EU’s ‘Soft Underbelly’? Malta and Irregular Immigration....Pages 38-56 Exploitation of Nigerian and West African Workers and Forced Labour in Italy: Main Features and Institutional Responses....Pages 57-73 At the Margins of Consent: Sex Trafficking from Nigeria to Italy....Pages 74-87 Irregular Migration, Xenophobia and the Economic Crisis in Greece....Pages 88-104 A Hidden Catastrophe: Irregular Migration within the Comoros Archipelago....Pages 105-119 Back Matter....Pages 120-121 Cover 1 Half-Title 2 Title 4 Copyright 5 Contents 6 List of Figures 7 Notes on Contributors 8 Introduction 12 1 At the Edge of Europe: The Phenomenon of Irregular Migration from Libya to Italy 23 2 The EU’s ‘Soft Underbelly’? Malta and Irregular Immigration 49 3 Exploitation of Nigerian and West African Workers and Forced Labour in Italy: Main Features and Institutional Responses 68 4 At the Margins of Consent: Sex Trafficking from Nigeria to Italy 85 5 Irregular Migration, Xenophobia and the Economic Crisis in Greece 99 6 A Hidden Catastrophe: Irregular Migration within the Comoros Archipelago 116 Index 131